Early maladaptive schemas as mediators between child maltreatment and dating violence in adolescence

Borges, Jeane Lessinger; Dell’Aglio, Débora Dalbosco

doi:10.1590/1413-81232020258.24992018

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ARTICLE • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 25 (8) • Aug 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020258.24992018 copy

Early maladaptive schemas as mediators between child maltreatment and dating violence in adolescence

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study investigated the association between exposure to child maltreatment and dating physical violence in the affective-sexual relationship among adolescents (n =397, 14-19 years). A mediation model was conducted to determine whether these associations can be mediated by early maladaptive schemas (EMS), from the Schema Therapy’s theoretical approach. Also, it sought to verify the invariant model by gender. The results showed that teen dating violence perpetrators with a history of child maltreatment had significantly higher scores in the perpetration of intimate violence than adolescents with no history of maltreatment. Disconnection and rejection realm schemas were mediators between exposure to child maltreatment and dating physical violence in adolescence, and this model was adequate to females. The clinical implications of these findings were also discussed.

Key words
Childhood maltreatment; Intimate partner violence; Dating violence; Schema therapy

Categories of violence	Group 1 (n = 288)	Group 2 (n = 109)	t	P	d
Categories of violence	M/SD	M/SD	t	P	d
Verbal/emotional violence	7.00(4.76)	5.36(4.27)	3.14	0.002	0.35
Physical violence	0.84(1.79)	0.50(1.28)	2.08	0.040	0.20
Sexual violence	0.79(1.13)	0.53(0.94)	2.32	0.020	0.24
Psychological violence/threats	0.68(1.44)	0.20(0.56)	4.81	0.001	0.38
Relational violence	0.24(0.76)	0.21(0.79)	0.29	0.776	0.04
Total CADRI perpetration	9.55(7.67)	6.81(6.24)	3.66	0.001	0.37

EMS	G1 (n = 288)	G2 (n = 128)	G3 (n = 129)	ANOVA	p
EMS	M/SD	M/SD	M/SD	ANOVA	p
Abandonment/instability	4.20(1.37)	4.16(1.28)	3.82(1.39)	F=3.60	0.028
Mistrust/abuse	3.46(1.36)	2.94(1.25)	2.67(1.17)	F=18.46	0.001
Emotional deprivation	2.15(1.34)	1.69(1.07)	2.02(1.34)	F=5.15	0.006
Defectiveness/shame	1.77(1.06)	1.47(0.88)	1.76(1.15)	F=3.39	0.034
Social isolation	2.33(1.38)	1.96(1.20)	2.17(1.49)	F=3.00	0.050
Dependence/incompetence	1.68(0.90)	1.54(0.85)	1.66(0.82)	F=1.06	0.347
Vulnerability to harm	2.66(1.41)	2.48(1.21)	2.49(1.39)	F=0.98	0.374
Enmeshment	2.76(1.41)	3.38(1.44)	2.92(1.40)	F=7.56	0.001
Failure to achieve	2.16(1.25)	1.83(1.24)	2.12(1.25)	F=2.77	0.064
Entitlement/grandiosity	2.17(1.06)	1.86(0.91)	1.75(0.82)	F=9.79	0.001
Insufficient self-control	2.42(1.18)	2.02(0.96)	2.19(1.16)	F=5.54	0.004
Subjugation	1.89(0.95)	1.75(0.86)	1.88-0.97	F=1.02	0.361
Self-sacrifice	3.77(1.27)	3.50(1.27)	3.48(1.31)	F=3.07	0.060
Approval-seeking	2.93(1.36)	2.54(1.17)	2.48(1.28)	F=7.23	0.001
Negativity/pessimism	3.32(1.43)	2.81(1.42)	2.70(1.45)	F=10.43	0.001
Emotional inhibition	3.07(1.30)	2.73(1.36)	3.01(1.46)	F=2.40	0.084
Unrelenting standards	3.56(1.48)	3.13(1.26)	3.24(1.45)	F=4.43	0.012
Punitiveness	2.31(1.26)	2.19(1.30)	2.16(1.14)	F=0.78	0.458

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[1] Collaborations

JL Borges worked on the research design, data collection, analysis and interpretation and writing the article. DD Dell’Aglio worked on the research design, data analysis and the final review of the article.