Figure 1
E. candolleana fruit and seeds collected in JB, separated into four maturity stages (A); E. candolleana fruit and seeds collected in RC when fully mature and stored for six months (B); and the whole seed, indicating the position of the hilum and of fractionation in the longitudinal direction, and the fractionated seed in two parts (C). Scale - 1 cm
Figure 2
Flowchart of the sequence of regenerability treatments applied to E. candolleana seeds from two different origins.
Figure 3
Diameter (in mm) of the fruit (A) and of the seeds (B), moisture content of the seeds (C, in %), water potential of the seeds (D, in MPa), and fresh matter (E) and dry matter (F) of the seeds (in g. seed-1) of E. candolleana DC., according to the different physiological maturity stages (E II to E V). Columns with the same letter do not differ from each other (Tukey, 5%).
Figure 4
Regeneration of roots in whole seeds of E. candolleana at different maturity stages described as E II, E III, E IV, and E V; and SE, ER1, ER2, ER3, and ER4 being the root regenerability treatments (SE = without eliminations, ER1 = elimination of the first root, ER2 = elimination of the second root, ER3 = elimination of the third root, and ER4 = elimination of the fourth root) (A); regeneration of normal seedlings in whole seeds of E. candolleana at different maturity stages (E II, E III, E IV, and E V) and seedling regenerability treatments (SE, EP1, and EP2). SE = without eliminations, EP1 = elimination of the first seedling, and EP2 = elimination of the second seedling (B). Lowercase letters compare the eliminations and uppercase letters compare the maturity stages.
Figure 5
Time (days) of regeneration of new roots (A) and of new seedlings (B) in whole seeds of E. candolleana at different maturity stages (E II, E III, E IV, and E V). In A: SE = without elimination of roots, ER1 = elimination of the first root, ER2 = elimination of the second root, ER3 = elimination of the third root, and ER4 = elimination of the fourth root; and in B: SE = without seedling elimination, EP1 = elimination of the first seedling, and EP2 = elimination of the second seedling.
Figure 6
Regeneration of roots in fractionated seeds of E. candolleana at different maturity stages described as E II, E III, E IV, and E V. In A: percentages of regenerability of the roots in the treatments SE, ER1, ER2, and ER3, where SE = without eliminations, ER1 = elimination of the first root, ER2 = elimination of the second root, and ER3 = elimination of the third root; and in B: percentages of seedling development in fractionated seeds of E. candolleana in the treatments SE and EP1, where SE = without eliminations, and EP1 = elimination of the first seedling. Mean values followed by the same letter do not differ from each other (Tukey 5%). Lowercase letters compare the eliminations and uppercase letters compare the maturity stages.
Figure 7
Time (days) of regeneration of roots (A) and seedlings (B) in fractionated seeds of E. candolleana at different maturity stages described as E II, E III, E IV, and E V, in which SE = without eliminations, ER1 = elimination of the first root, ER2 = elimination of the second root, and ER3 = elimination of the third root; and SE = without eliminations and EP1 = elimination of the first seedling.
Figure 8
Regeneration of roots in whole and mature seeds of E. candolleana of RC, stored under low temperature for six months. SE, ER1, ER2, ER3, ER4, ER5, and ER6 are root regenerability treatments (SE = without eliminations, ER1 = elimination of the first root, ER2 = elimination of the second root, ER3 = elimination of the third root, ER4 = elimination of the fourth root, ER5 = elimination of the fifth root, and ER6 = elimination of the sixth root) (A); and SE, EP1, and EP2 are seedling regenerability treatments (SE = without eliminations, EP1 = elimination of the first seedling, and EP2 = elimination of the second seedling) (B). Mean values followed by the same letter do not differ from each other (Tukey, 5%)
Figure 9
Time (days) of root regeneration (A) and seedling development (B) in whole and mature seeds of E. candolleana. SE, ER1, ER2, ER3, ER4, ER5, and ER6 are root regenerability treatments (SE = without eliminations, ER1 = elimination of the first root, ER2 = elimination of the second root, ER3 = elimination of the third root, ER4 = elimination of the fourth root, ER5 = elimination of the fifth root, and ER6 = elimination of the sixth root) (A); and SE, EP1, and EP2 are seedling regenerability treatments (SE = without eliminations, EP1 = elimination of the first seedling, and EP2 = elimination of the second seedling) (B).
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