The household arrangements, physical and psychological health of the elderly and their satisfaction with family relationships

Rabelo, Dóris Firmino; Neri, Anita Liberalesso

doi:10.1590/1809-9823.2015.14120

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Original Articles • Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol. 18 (3) • July-Sep 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-9823.2015.14120 copy

The household arrangements, physical and psychological health of the elderly and their satisfaction with family relationships

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between family configuration, the physical and psychological health conditions of the elderly and their satisfaction with family relationships.

Methods:

A study was undertaken of 134 older people from the city of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, without cognitive deficits suggestive of dementia. Cluster analysis was performed by the partition method (three groups).

Results:

The majority of the elderly persons were heads of household (72.4%), who contributed to the financial upkeep of their family (total: 49.2%; partially: 44%), lived in multigenerational arrangements (64.9%), had good physical functionality, did not suffer from depression (82.9%) or anxiety (76.9%) and judged their family to have good functionality (85.8%). The variables that most contributed to the formation of clusters were basic activities of daily living (R²=0.725) and family functionality (R²=0.757). Clusters were: 1) elderly persons who needed help to perform instrumental activities of daily living, who suffered from anxiety and were dissatisfied with family relationships; 2) elderly individuals who were dependent for the performance of activities of daily living, who suffered from anxiety and were satisfied with family relationships; 3) independent elderly persons who were satisfied with family relationships.

Conclusions:

There were reciprocal relationships between the satisfaction of the elderly individuals with their family relationships and their levels of physical functionality and mental health.

Health of the Elderly; Family Characteristics; Family Health

Groups	Frequency	RMS² (standard deviation)	Maximum distance from center observed	Nearest cluster	Distance between the centroids of the group
1	24	1.0404	5.5541	3	5.1185
2	2	0.8287	2.4860	3	7.7766
3	108	0.8218	6.3436	1	5.1185

Variables	Standard deviation	Coefficient of determination	RSQ/(1-RSQ)
Gender	1.00276	0.009595	0.009688
Age	0.98545	0.043499	0.045477
Living arrangement	0.99460	0.025651	0.026326
Head of household	1.00549	0.004192	0.004210
Contribution to family upkeep	1.00715	0.000894	0.000895
Self-reported diseases	0.99423	0.026372	0.027086
Self-reported signs and symptoms	1.00108	0.012915	0.013084
Social involvement	0.99883	0.017338	0.017644
BADLs	0.52811	0.725296	2.640277
IADLs	0.97437	0.064883	0.069385
Depression	0.99525	0.024369	0.024977
Anxiety	0.97072	0.071873	0.077439
Adaptability	0.69320	0.526697	1.112813
Partnership	0.57711	0.671955	2.048358
Growth	0.63599	0.601597	1.510021
Affection	0.59851	0.647175	1.834269
Resolve capacity	0.69292	0.527075	1.114502
Family functioning	0.49645	0.757246	3.119403
Total	0.86421	0.264368	0.359375

Variables	Categories	Total sample	Clusters (%)
		n	%	1^G1	2^G2	3^G3	p-value*
Age	60-74 years	89	66.4	79.2	0	64.8	0.053
	≥75 years	45	33.6	20.8	100.0	35.2
Gender	Female	104	77.6	70.8	100.0	78.7	0.654
	Male	30	22.4	29.2	0	21.3
Living arrangements	Alone	24	17.9	29.2	50.0	14.8	0.112
Living arrangements	With spouse/partner	10	7.5	4.1	0	8.3
	With spouse and offspring	32	23.9	16.7	50.0	25.0
	With offspring	55	41.0	29.2	0	44.5
	Others	13	9.7	20.8	0	7.4
Head of household	Yes	97	72.4	70.8	50.0	73.2	0.639
	No	37	27.6	29.2	50.0	26.8
Contribution to family upkeep	Total	66	49.3	54.2	50.0	48.1	0.878
Contribution to family upkeep	Partial	59	44.0	37.5	50.0	45.4
	None	09	6.7	8.3	0	6.5
Social involvement	Less	88	65.7	75.0	100.0	63.0	0.371
Social involvement	More	46	34.3	25.0	0	37.0
Self-reported diseases	None	18	13.4	12.5	0	13.9	0.383
Self-reported diseases	1-2	70	52.3	45.8	0	54.6
	≥3	46	34.3	41.7	100.0	31.5
Self-reported signs and symptoms	None	12	9.0	4.2	0	10.2	0.664
	1-2	42	31.3	25.0	50.0	32.4
	≥3	80	59.7	70.8	50.0	57.4
BADLs	Independent	129	96.3	95.8	0	98.2	<0.001
	Partial dependency	03	2.2	4.2	0	1.8
	Dependent	02	1.5	0	100.0	0
IADLs	Total dependency	08	6.0	12.5	100.0	2.8	0.001
	Partial dependency	48	35.8	41.7	0	35.2
	Independence	78	58.2	45.8	0	62.0
Depression	Yes	23	17.2	29.2	0	14.8	0.224
	No	111	82.8	70.8	100.0	85.2
Anxiety	Yes	31	23.1	45.8	50.0	17.6	0.005
	No	103	76.9	54.2	50.0	82.4
Adaptability	Dissatisfied	25	18.7	79.2	0	5.6	<0.001
	Satisfied	109	81.3	20.8	100.0	94.4
Partnership	Dissatisfied	23	17.2	83.3	0	2.8	<0.001
	Satisfied	111	82.8	16.7	100.0	97.2
Growth	Dissatisfied	25	18.7	83.3	0	4.6	<0.001
	Satisfied	109	81.3	16.7	100.0	95.4
Affection	Dissatisfied	26	19.4	87.5	0	4.6	<0.001
	Satisfied	108	80.6	12.5	100.0	95.4
Resolve capacity	Dissatisfied	21	15.7	70.8	50.0	2.8	<0.001
Resolve capacity	Satisfied	113	84.3	29.2	50.0	97.2
Satisfaction with family dynamic	Family dysfunction	19	14.2	79.2	0	0	<0.001
Satisfaction with family dynamic	Good functioning	115	85.8	20.8	100.0	100.0

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[1] Correspondence Dóris Firmino Rabelo E-mail: drisrabelo@yahoo.com.br