Risk factors for Central Nervous System drug use among nursing students

a cross-sectional study with 199 public undergraduate students from Ceará, using Characterization Instrument, Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Fischer’s exact test and Pearson’s chi-square test were performed, verifying an association between variables. Prevalence ratio was used.

Results:

a total of 34 used such drugs, with predominance of use of anxiolytics, associated with age (p=0.026), dissatisfaction with the relationship between classmates (p=0.003), insomnia (p=0.009), chronic disease (p=0.001), depression (p=0.035), and severe anxiety (p=0.023).

Conclusions:

using Central Nervous System drugs among students was associated with sociodemographic, academic and health factors, evidencing the need for actions promoting undergraduate students’ mental health.

Descriptors:
Central Nervous System Agents; Risk Factors; Students, Nursing; Mental Health; Nursing

Variables	Central Nervous System drug use				PR	95% CI	p value
Variables	Yes	%	No	%	PR	95% CI	p value
Age
Up to 21 years	21	61.8	82	49.7	1.51	0.80 - 2.84	0.200^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
Over 21 years	13	38.2	83	50.3
Ethnicity
White	11	32.4	38	23.0	1.46	0.77 - 2.78	0.251^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
Non-white	23	67.6	127	77.0
Sexual orientation
Heterosexual	27	79.4	137	83.0	0.82	0.39 - 1.74	0.614^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
Non-heterosexual	7	20.6	28	17.0
Religion
Yes	25	73.5	142	86.1	0.53	0.27 - 1.03	0.070^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	9	26.5	23	13.9
Family income
Up to about US$363.63	14	45.2	76	52.4	0.79	0.41 - 1.50	0.463^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
Above about US$363.63	17	54.8	69	47.6

Variables	Central Nervous System drug use				PR	95% CI	p value
Variables	Yes	%	No	%	PR	95% CI	p value
Semester
Until the 5th semester	20	58.8	87	52.7	1.23	0.66 - 2.29	0.516^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
From the 6th to the 10^th semester	14	41.2	78	47.3
Failure
Yes	6	17.6	31	18.8	0.94	0.42 - 2.10	0.876^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	28	82.4	134	81.2
Complementary academic activities
Yes	30	88.2	135	81.8	1.54	0.58 - 4.10	0.365^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	4	11.8	30	18.2
Paid academic activity
Yes	13	38.2	78	47.6	0.73	0.39 - 1.37	0.321^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	21	61.8	86	52.4
Relationship with classmates
Unsatisfactory	9	27.3	16	9.7	2.59	1.37 - 4.93	*0.018^ * Fischer test;**
Satisfactory	24	72.7	149	90.3
Technologies facilitating the study
Yes	32	94.1	163	98.8	0.33	0.12 - 0.92	0.136^* * Fischer test;
No	2	5.9	2	1.2
Time enough to study
Yes	5	14.7	48	29.1	0.47	0.19 - 1.16	0.084^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	29	85.3	117	70.9

Variables	Central Nervous System drug use				PR	95% CI	p value
Variables	Yes	%	No	%	PR	95% CI	p value
Chronic disease carrier
Yes	12	35.3	17	10.3	3.20	1.78 - 5.73	*0.001^ * Fischer test;**
No	22	64.7	148	89.7
Health insurance
Yes	19	55.9	68	42.5	1.56	0.84 - 2.88	0 .154^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	15	44.1	92	57.5
Physical activity practice
Yes	12	35.3	66	40.0	0.85	0.44 - 1.61	0.609^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	22	64.7	99	60.0
Insomnia
Yes	20	58.8	50	30.9	2.57	1.39 - 4.77	0.002^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	14	41.2	112	69.1
Anxiety level
Severe	24	80.0	95	58.6	2.45	1.05 - 5.72	0.027^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
Moderate	6	20.0	67	41.4
Depression level
Moderate and severe	25	73.5	76	46.1	2.70	1.33 - 5.48	0.004^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
Minimal and mild	9	26.5	89	53.9
Sense of Coherence
Smaller SOC	25	73.5	74	44.8	2.81	1.38 - 5.70	0.002^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
Greater SOC	9	26.5	91	55.2
Use of licit drugs
Yes	18	52.9	81	49.1	1.14	0.61 - 2.10	0.683^ Pearson’s chi-square test; PR - Prevalence ratio; CI - Confidence interval.
No	16	47.1	84	50.9
Use of illicit drugs
Yes	3	8.8	21	12.7	0.71	0.23 - 2.13	0.524^* * Fischer test;
No	31	91.2	144	87.3

Variables	OR^ OR - Odds Ratio;	95%CI^ OR - Odds Ratio;	p value
Age
Up to 21 years	15.17	1.37 - 167.41	0.026
Over 21 years
Relationship with classmates
Unsatisfactory	627.52	8.90 - 44202.61	0.003
Satisfactory
Insomnia
Yes	53.73	2.71 - 1063.65	0.009
No
Chronic disease carrier
Yes	640.52	12.78 - 32103.54	0.001
No
Depression level
Moderate and severe	28.74	1.26 - 655.94	0.035
Minimal and mild
Anxiety level
Severe	35.89	1.65 - 780.17	0.023
Moderate

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author: Victórya Suéllen Maciel Abreu, E-mail: victoryasuellen2007@gmail.com