Factors related to the use of religious coping by informal caregivers: an integrative review

Farinha, Francely Tineli; Bom, Gesiane Cristina; Manso, Maila Meryellen Ferreira Garcia; Razera, Ana Paula Ribeiro; Mondini, Cleide Carolina da Silva Demoro; Trettene, Armando dos Santos

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2020-1227

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REVIEW • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (3) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-1227 copy

Factors related to the use of religious coping by informal caregivers: an integrative review

Factores relacionados al uso del coping religioso por cuidadores informales: revisión integrativa

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

to identify the factors related to the use of religious coping in informal caregivers.

Methods:

integrative literature review carried out through a search in the databases LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL, in addition to the Virtual Health Library and SciELO. The study selected primary articles in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, using the descriptors Coping Behavior, Caregivers, Spirituality, and Religion, which were combined with each other and with synonyms. There was no time limit for the publications.

Results:

nine articles were selected. Factors related to the use of religious coping in informal caregivers included: having an advanced age, experiencing traumatic situations, being under overload, being a spouse or mother, caring for hospitalized individuals, or for those with chronic diseases and high degrees of dependence.

Conclusions:

the factors related to the use of religious coping are multifaceted and involve physical, psychological, psychosocial, and situational aspects.

Descriptors:
Spirituality; Religion; Adaptation Psychological; Family Caregivers; Review

Degree of recommendation	Level of evidence	Types of studies
A	1A	Systematic review of controlled and randomized clinical trials
	1B	Controlled and randomized clinical trial with a small confidence interval Validated cohort with good standards of reference Diagnostic criteria tested in a single clinical center
	1C	Therapeutic results of the type "all or nothing"
B	2A	Systematic review (with homogeneity) of cohort studies
	2B	Cohort study (including lower-quality randomized clinical trials)
	2C	Observation of therapeutic results Ecological study
	3A	Systematic review (with homogeneity) of control-case studies
	3B	Control-case study
C	4	Case report (including lower-quality cohorts or control-cases)
D	5	Opinion with no of critical evaluation or based on basic subjects (physiological study or study with animals)

Title of the article	Year Country	Design / number of participants	Outcomes	Degree of recommendation and level of evidence
Correlate of burden and coping ability of caregivers of older adults with chronic illness in Nigeria⁽²⁾	2018 Nigeria	Descriptive and cross-sectional / n = 325 caregivers of elders with chronic diseases	The use of religious coping was related to the act of caring for individuals with chronic diseases and to a higher level of dependency.	B, 2C
Family caregivers of liver transplant recipients: coping strategies associated with different levels of post-traumatic growth⁽¹⁶16 Pérez-San-Gregorio MÁ, Martín-Rodríguez A, Borda-Mas M, Avargues-Navarro ML, Pérez-Bernal J, Gómez-Bravo MÁ. Family caregivers of liver transplant recipients: coping strategies associated with different levels of post-traumatic growth. Transplant Proc. 2018;50(2):646-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.09.067 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2... ⁾	2018 Spain	Descriptive and cross-sectional / n = 218 caregivers of liver transplant recipients	Post-traumatic stress was related to the use of religious coping.	B, 2C
Caregivers of family members with chronic diseases: coping strategies used in everyday life⁽¹⁷17 Machado BM, Dahdah DF, Kebbe LM. Caregivers of family members with chronic diseases: coping strategies used in everyday life. Cad Bras Ter Ocup. 2018;26(2):299-313. https://doi.org/10.4322/2526-8910.ctoao1188 https://doi.org/10.4322/2526-8910.ctoao1... ⁾	2018 Brazil	Descriptive and cross-sectional / n = 30 caregivers of relatives with chronic noncommunicable diseases	Chronic disease and level of dependency are related to the use of religious coping.	B, 2C
Elderly caring for the elderly: spirituality as tensions relie^f⁽¹⁸18 Silva MCM, Moreira-Almeida A, Castro EAB. Elderly caring for the elderly: spirituality as tensions relief. Rev Bras Enferm. 2018;71(5):2461-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0370 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0... ⁾	2018 Brazil	Descriptive and qualitative / n = 10 caregivers of elders	The advanced age of the caregiver favored the use of religious coping.	B, 2C
Caregiver burden among caregivers of mentally ill individuals and their coping mechanisms⁽¹⁹19 Walke SC, Chandrasekaran V, Mayya SS. Caregiver burden among caregivers of mentally ill individuals and their coping mechanisms. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2018;19(2):180-5. https://doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_312_17 https://doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_312_17... ⁾	2018 India	Descriptive and cross-sectional / n = 320 caregivers of individuals with mental disorders	Overload, being the spouse, and having to care for more than five years influenced the use of religious coping.	B, 2C
Experiences and strategies for coping in family companions of hospitalized in a hospital unit of Cacoal-RO⁽²⁰20 Vitória AL, Assis CL. Experiences and strategies for coping in family companions of hospitalized in a hospital unit of Cacoal-RO. Aletheia [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2020 Nov 01];(46):16-33. Available from: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/aletheia/n46/n46a03.pdf http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/aletheia/n... ⁾	2015 Brazil	Descriptive and qualitative / n = 5 relatives that accompanied hospitalized people	The use of religious coping was greater among the caregivers of hospitalized individuals.	B, 2C
Trouble won't last always: religious coping and meaning in the stress process⁽²¹21 Harris GM, Allen RS, Dunn L, Parmelee P. "Trouble won't last always": religious coping and meaning in the stress process. Qual Health Res. 2013;23(6):773-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732313482590 https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732313482590... ⁾	2013 USA	Descriptive and qualitative / n = 13 caregivers of elders with chronic diseases	The chronic disease and palliative care are factors that influence the use of religious coping.	B, 2C
The relationship between socio-demographic characteristics, family environment, and caregiver coping in families of children with cancer⁽²²22 Gage-Bouchard EA, Devine KA, Heckler CE. The relationship between socio-demographic characteristics, family environment, and caregiver coping in families of children with cancer. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2013;20(4):478-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-013-9362-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-013-9362-... ⁾	2013 USA	Descriptive and cross-sectional / n = 66 caregivers of pediatric patients	Mothers used the coping religious more than fathers.	B, 2C
Prayer and religious coping for caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease and related disorders⁽²³23 Stolley JM, Buckwalter KC, Koenig HG. Prayer and religious coping for caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 1999;14(3):181-91. https://doi.org/10.1177/153331759901400307 https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317599014003... ⁾	1999 USA	Descriptive and cross-sectional / n = 64 caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's.	Caregivers of individuals with chronic diseases used religious coping.	B, 2C

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[1] Corresponding author: Francely Tineli Farinha. E-mail: francelyfarinha@usp.br