Self-efficacy in elderly with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

to analyze the self-efficacy of elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the relationship with sociodemographic, clinical, knowledge, and attitude variables.

Method:

a cross-sectional quantitative study conducted with 256 elderly people enrolled in Family Health Strategies. Data were obtained through interviews. Descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regression model were performed (p <0.05).

Results:

female, 69.95-year mean age, white skin color, 4-7 years of schooling, living with a partner, retirees, low individual monthly income, 6 to 15 years of illness, Catholics, living with children (with or without spouse). The elderly’s low knowledge and negative attitude prevailed. Self-efficacy was associated with attitude and knowledge in the domains “General and Specific Diet”, “Physical Exercise” and “Blood Glucose”.

Conclusion:

self-efficacy investigations in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus management in the elderly are important and encourage treatment adherence.

Descriptors:
Elderly; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Self-efficacy; Knowledge; Attitude

Variables	n (%)	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	SD	Median	Cronbach’s alpha
Knowledge total score (DKN-A)		0	14	7.62	2.74	8	0.62
Low knowledge	156 (60.9)
High knowledge	100 (39.1)
Attitude total score (ATT-19)		43	89	64.43	8.81	65	0.75
Negative attitude	194 (75.8)
Positive attitude	62 (24.2)

Self-efficacy	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	SD	Median	Cronbach’s alpha
Self-efficacy mean total score (DMSES)	1.45	5.00	3.75	0.59	3.75	0.82
Specific Diet and Weight	1.00	5.00	3.77	0.93	4.00	0.81
General Diet and Drug Treatment	1.89	5.00	4.11	0.58	4.11	0.68
Physical Exercise	1.00	5.00	2.83	1.38	3.00	0.87
Blood Glucose	1.00	5.00	3.53	1.08	3.67	0.76

Variables	Self-efficacy
	Specific Diet and Weight		General Diet and Drug Treatment		Physical Exercise		Blood Glucose		Total Score
	Β	p ^* * p<0.05.	β	p ^* * p<0.05.	Β	p ^* * p<0.05.	Β	p ^* * p<0.05.	β	p ^* * p<0.05.
Sex	-0.013	0.833	0.055	0.365	0.121	0.051	0.089	0.138	0.085	0.151
Age group	0.071	0.257	-0.061	0.319	0.011	0.854	0.114	0.058	0.036	0.544
Family income	0.117	0.072	0.066	0.297	-0.149	0.020	-0.051	0.413	0.009	0.884
Schooling	-0.028	0.680	0.042	0.524	0.170	0.010	0.057	0.380	0.082	0.197
Disease time	-0.005	0.941	0.018	0.766	-0.005	0.935	0.131	0.029	0.040	0.498
Knowledge	0.098	0.141	0.268	<0.001	-0.006	0.922	0.289	<0.001	0.233	<0.001
Attitude	0.177	0.006	0.135	0.032	0.269	<0.001	0.060	0.331	0.238	<0.001

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
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[1] Corresponding author: Mariana Campos de Sousa. E-mail: mariana_camposdesousa@hotmail.com