Strategies to support health professionals in the condition of second victim: scoping review

Quadrado, Ellen Regina Sevilla; Tronchin, Daisy Maria Rizatto; Maia, Flávia de Oliveira Motta

doi:10.1590/S1980-220X2019011803669

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

REVIEW • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 55 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2019011803669 copy

Strategies to support health professionals in the condition of second victim: scoping review^* * Extracted from the thesis: “Estratégias para apoiar profissionais de saúde na condição de segunda vítima: uma revisão de escopo”, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerenciamento em Enfermagem, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo, 2019.

Estrategias para apoyar al profesional de la salud en la condición de segunda víctima: una revisión de alcance

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To map and analyze the knowledge produced about strategies aimed at promoting support to health professionals in the condition of second victim.

Method:

Scoping review, developed in portals, databases and academic websites, whose inclusion criteria were articles and materials indexed in the respective search sites, between January 2000 and December 2019, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The findings were summarized and analyzed based on descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis.

Results:

A total of 64 studies were included, 100% international; 92.2% in English and 50% from secondary research. The support strategies were grouped into four categories and most of the studies referred to the use of the forYOU, Medically Induced Trauma Support Services and Resilience in Stressful Events programs and the interventions represented, through dialogue with peers, family, friends and managers.

Conclusion:

Support strategies for the second victim are pointed out in international studies and mostly developed through programs/services and interventions. It is recommended to develop studies to learn about the phenomenon and to structure feasible support strategies in Brazilian health organizations.

DESCRIPTORS:
Health Personnel; Patient Safety; Safety Management; Nursing; Review

Portals/Databases/Directories and Academic search engines	Retrieved	Number of records after eliminating duplicates	Number of completed records assessed for eligibility	Number of full texts excluded	Sample
CINAHL^* * White literature	62	62	14	5	9
MEDLINE^* * White literature	150	150	1	0	1
LILACS^* * White literature	7	7	0	0	0
Google Scholar^ Grey literature	182	175	28	23	5
BDTB^ Grey literature	49	49	0	0	0
Web of Science^* * White literature	70	54	17	12	5
SCOPUS^* * White literature	58	26	13	5	8
EMBASE^* * White literature	152	93	22	11	11
PubMed^* * White literature	223	184	14	7	7
VHL^* * White literature	36	6	0	0	0
Epistemonikos^* * White literature	11	32	2	0	2
Wiley Interscience^ Grey literature	36	6	2	1	1
OpenGrey^ Grey literature	46	46	1	0	1
AHRQ^ Grey literature	327	307	19	10	9
NPSF^ Grey literature	24	24	1	0	1
WHO^ Grey literature	9	9	0	0	0
ISMP Canada^ Grey literature	18	18	5	3	2
PAHO^ Grey literature	0	0	0	0	0
ProQualis^ Grey literature	10	5	2	1	1
Segundas y Terceras Víctimas Proyecto de Investigación^ Grey literature	18	17	4	3	1
Total	1488	1235	145	81	64

Category	Name of the support strategies
Programs and Services (37)/ S6,S7,S13,S14,S15,S22,S23, S24,S25,S26,S27,S28,S29,S30, S31,S32,S33,S34,S35,S36,S37, S38,S39,S40,S41,S42,S43,S44, S45,S46,S47,S48,S49,S50,S51, S52,S53	•	forYOU(⁶6 Scott SD, Hirschinger LE, Cox KR, McCoig M, Hahn-Cover K, Epperly KM, et al. Caring for our own: deploying a systemwide second victim rapid response team. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2010;36(5):233-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36038-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36... ,⁷7 Seys D, Scott S, Wu A, Van Gerven E, Vleugels A, Euwema M, et al. Supporting involved health care professionals (second victims) following an adverse health event: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(5):678-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.07.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.... ,²²22 Paparella S. Caring for the caregiver: moving beyond the finger pointing after an adverse event. J Emerg Nurs. 2011;37(3):263-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2011.01.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2011.01.00... 23 Scott SD. The second victim phenomenon: a harsh reality of health care professions. PSNet [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2017 May 03]. Available from: https://psnet.ahrq.gov/perspectives/perspective/102/the-second-victim-phenomenon-a-harsh-reality-of-health-care-professions https://psnet.ahrq.gov/perspectives/pers... 24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011. 25 Hall LW, Scott SD. The second victim of adverse health care events. Nurs Clin North Am. 2012;47(3):383-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.0... 26 Wu AW, Steckelberg RC. Medical error, incident investigation and the second victim: doing better but feeling worse? BMJ Qual Saf. 2012;21(4):267-70. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2011-000605 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2011-00060... 27 Hofeldt R, McCotter PI. Nurses as second victims: supporting our colleagues following an adverse event. Wash Nurs Comm News. 2012;6(2):14-5. 28 MacLeod L. "Second victim" casualties and how physician leaders can help. Physician Exec. 2014;40(1):8-12. 29 Strobl J, Panesar SS, Carson-Stevens A, Mclldowie B, Ward H, Cross H, et al. Suicide by clinicians involved in serious incidents in the NHS: a situational analysis. Salford: Royal NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Leaders Network; 2014 30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... 31 Miller RG, Scott SD, Hirschinger LE, Walters S, Schanz N. Improving patient safety: the intersection of safety culture, clinician and staff support, and patient safety organizations. Jefferson City: Center for Patient Safety; 2015. 32 Scott SD. Second victim support: implications for patient safety attitudes and perceptions. Patient Saf Qual Healthc [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.psqh.com/analysis/second-victim-support-implications-for-patient-safety-attitudes-and-perceptions/ https://www.psqh.com/analysis/second-vic... 33 White AA, Brock DM, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Edrees HH, Wu AW, et al. Risk managers' descriptions of programs to support second victims after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2015;34(4):30-40. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21169 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21169... 34 Putnam K. Peer support programs help health care workers overcome emotional trauma. AORN J. 2016;104(3):P7-9. doi: 10.1016/S0001-2092(16)30525-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(16)30... 35 Coughlan B, Powell D, Higgins MF. The second victim: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;213:11-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04... 36 Tamburri LM. Creating healthy work environments for second victims of adverse events. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2017;28(4):366-74. doi: 10.4037/aacnacc2017996 https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2017996... 37 Merandi J, Liao N, Lewe D, Morvay S, Stewart B, Catt C, et al. Deployment of a Second Victim Peer Support Program: a replication study. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2017;2(4):e031. doi: 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000031 https://doi.org/10.1097/pq9.000000000000... 38 Merandi J, Winning AM, Liao N, Rogers E, Lewe D, Gerhardt CA. Implementation of a second victim program in the neonatal intensive care unit: an interim analysis of employee satisfaction. J Patient Saf Risk Manag. 2018;23(6):231-8. doi: 10.1177/2516043518809457 https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043518809457... -³⁹39 Hauk L. Support strategies for health care professionals who are second victims. AORN J. 2018;107(6):P7-9. doi: 10.1002/aorn.12291 https://doi.org/10.1002/aorn.12291... )
	•	Critical Crisis Management Plan(⁷7 Seys D, Scott S, Wu A, Van Gerven E, Vleugels A, Euwema M, et al. Supporting involved health care professionals (second victims) following an adverse health event: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(5):678-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.07.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.... )
	•	University of Illinois Program(²⁵25 Hall LW, Scott SD. The second victim of adverse health care events. Nurs Clin North Am. 2012;47(3):383-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.0... -²⁶26 Wu AW, Steckelberg RC. Medical error, incident investigation and the second victim: doing better but feeling worse? BMJ Qual Saf. 2012;21(4):267-70. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2011-000605 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2011-00060... )
	•	Critical Incident Stress Debrifing (CISD)(²⁴24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011.,²⁹29 Strobl J, Panesar SS, Carson-Stevens A, Mclldowie B, Ward H, Cross H, et al. Suicide by clinicians involved in serious incidents in the NHS: a situational analysis. Salford: Royal NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Leaders Network; 2014)
	•	For Our Team(³⁴34 Putnam K. Peer support programs help health care workers overcome emotional trauma. AORN J. 2016;104(3):P7-9. doi: 10.1016/S0001-2092(16)30525-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(16)30... )
	•	ASSIST-ME(³⁵35 Coughlan B, Powell D, Higgins MF. The second victim: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;213:11-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04... )
	•	Health Work Enviroments (HWE)(³⁶36 Tamburri LM. Creating healthy work environments for second victims of adverse events. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2017;28(4):366-74. doi: 10.4037/aacnacc2017996 https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2017996... )
	•	Resilience in Stressful Events (RISE)(¹³13 Edrees H, Connors C, Paine L, Norvell M, Taylor H, Wu AW. Implementing the RISE second victim support programme at the Johns Hopkins Hospital: a case study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(9):e011708. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011708 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011... ,²⁵25 Hall LW, Scott SD. The second victim of adverse health care events. Nurs Clin North Am. 2012;47(3):383-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.0... -²⁶26 Wu AW, Steckelberg RC. Medical error, incident investigation and the second victim: doing better but feeling worse? BMJ Qual Saf. 2012;21(4):267-70. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2011-000605 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2011-00060... ,³⁰30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... ,³⁵35 Coughlan B, Powell D, Higgins MF. The second victim: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;213:11-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04... 36 Tamburri LM. Creating healthy work environments for second victims of adverse events. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2017;28(4):366-74. doi: 10.4037/aacnacc2017996 https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2017996... -³⁷37 Merandi J, Liao N, Lewe D, Morvay S, Stewart B, Catt C, et al. Deployment of a Second Victim Peer Support Program: a replication study. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2017;2(4):e031. doi: 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000031 https://doi.org/10.1097/pq9.000000000000... ,³⁹39 Hauk L. Support strategies for health care professionals who are second victims. AORN J. 2018;107(6):P7-9. doi: 10.1002/aorn.12291 https://doi.org/10.1002/aorn.12291... 40 Edrees H, Wu A. The aftermath of medical errors: supporting our second victim colleagues. Int J Qual Health Care. 2016;28(Suppl 1):65. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzw104.103 https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzw104.10... 41 Edrees HH, Morlock L, Wu AW. Do hospitals support second victims? Collective insights from patient safety leaders in Maryland. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2017;43(9):471-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.0... 42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6. 43 Vinson AE, Randel G. Peer support in anesthesia: turning war stories into wellness. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2018;31(3):382-7. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000591 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000... 44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... -⁴⁵45 Dukhanin V, Edrees HH, Connors CA, Kang E, Norvell M, Wu AW. Case: a second victim support program in pediatrics: successes and challenges to implementation. J Pediatr Nurs. 2018;41:54-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2018.01.011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2018.01.0... )
	•	Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)(⁷7 Seys D, Scott S, Wu A, Van Gerven E, Vleugels A, Euwema M, et al. Supporting involved health care professionals (second victims) following an adverse health event: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(5):678-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.07.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.... ,³³33 White AA, Brock DM, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Edrees HH, Wu AW, et al. Risk managers' descriptions of programs to support second victims after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2015;34(4):30-40. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21169 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21169... ,³⁶36 Tamburri LM. Creating healthy work environments for second victims of adverse events. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2017;28(4):366-74. doi: 10.4037/aacnacc2017996 https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2017996... ,⁴¹41 Edrees HH, Morlock L, Wu AW. Do hospitals support second victims? Collective insights from patient safety leaders in Maryland. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2017;43(9):471-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.0... )
	•	Immediate Debriefing Team(⁴¹41 Edrees HH, Morlock L, Wu AW. Do hospitals support second victims? Collective insights from patient safety leaders in Maryland. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2017;43(9):471-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.0... )
	•	Critical Incidence Stress/ Support Team(⁴¹41 Edrees HH, Morlock L, Wu AW. Do hospitals support second victims? Collective insights from patient safety leaders in Maryland. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2017;43(9):471-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.0... )
	•	COPE(⁴¹41 Edrees HH, Morlock L, Wu AW. Do hospitals support second victims? Collective insights from patient safety leaders in Maryland. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2017;43(9):471-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.0... )
	•	Outpatient Psychiatry Support Team(⁴¹41 Edrees HH, Morlock L, Wu AW. Do hospitals support second victims? Collective insights from patient safety leaders in Maryland. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2017;43(9):471-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.01.0... )
	•	“Second Victim” SharePoint(⁴²42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6.)
	•	Norwegian Medical Association Physician Support Program(⁴³43 Vinson AE, Randel G. Peer support in anesthesia: turning war stories into wellness. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2018;31(3):382-7. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000591 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000... )
	•	Center for Professionalism and Peer Support (CPPS)(¹⁴14 Shapiro J, Galowitz P. Peer Support for clinicians: a programmatic approach. Acad Med. 2016;91(9):1200-4. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001297 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.000000000000... ,²⁴24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011.,²⁸28 MacLeod L. "Second victim" casualties and how physician leaders can help. Physician Exec. 2014;40(1):8-12.,³⁰30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... ,³⁵35 Coughlan B, Powell D, Higgins MF. The second victim: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;213:11-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04... ,⁴²42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6.,⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... )
	•	“Support our Staff”(⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... )
	•	Medically Induced Trauma Support Services (MITSS)(⁷7 Seys D, Scott S, Wu A, Van Gerven E, Vleugels A, Euwema M, et al. Supporting involved health care professionals (second victims) following an adverse health event: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(5):678-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.07.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.... ,¹⁵15 Pratt S, Kenney L, Scott SD, Wu AW. How to develop a second victim support program: a toolkit for health care organizations. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2012;38(5):235-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(12)38030-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(12)38... ,²²22 Paparella S. Caring for the caregiver: moving beyond the finger pointing after an adverse event. J Emerg Nurs. 2011;37(3):263-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2011.01.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2011.01.00... ,²⁴24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011. 25 Hall LW, Scott SD. The second victim of adverse health care events. Nurs Clin North Am. 2012;47(3):383-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.0... 26 Wu AW, Steckelberg RC. Medical error, incident investigation and the second victim: doing better but feeling worse? BMJ Qual Saf. 2012;21(4):267-70. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2011-000605 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2011-00060... -²⁷27 Hofeldt R, McCotter PI. Nurses as second victims: supporting our colleagues following an adverse event. Wash Nurs Comm News. 2012;6(2):14-5.,²⁹29 Strobl J, Panesar SS, Carson-Stevens A, Mclldowie B, Ward H, Cross H, et al. Suicide by clinicians involved in serious incidents in the NHS: a situational analysis. Salford: Royal NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Leaders Network; 2014,³³33 White AA, Brock DM, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Edrees HH, Wu AW, et al. Risk managers' descriptions of programs to support second victims after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2015;34(4):30-40. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21169 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21169... ,³⁵35 Coughlan B, Powell D, Higgins MF. The second victim: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;213:11-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04... -³⁶36 Tamburri LM. Creating healthy work environments for second victims of adverse events. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2017;28(4):366-74. doi: 10.4037/aacnacc2017996 https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2017996... ,⁴³43 Vinson AE, Randel G. Peer support in anesthesia: turning war stories into wellness. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2018;31(3):382-7. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000591 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000... -⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... ,⁴⁶46 Kaltman SI, Ragan M, Borges O. Managing the untoward anesthetic event in an oral and maxillofacial surgery practice. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2013;25(3):515-27. doi:10.1016/j.coms.2013.03.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2013.03.0... 47 Lewis EJ, Baernholdt M, Hamric AB. Nurses' experience of medical errors: an integrative literature review. J Nurs Care Qual. 2013;28(2):153-61. doi: 10.1097/NCQ.0b013e31827e05d1 https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0b013e31827e... -⁴⁸48 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Care for the Caregiver Program Implementation Guide [Internet]. Bethesda, Maryland: AHRQ; 2016 [cited 2017 Aug 20]. Available from: https://www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/capacity/candor/modules/guide6.html https://www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/capa... )
	•	Code Lavander(³⁰30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... ,⁴³43 Vinson AE, Randel G. Peer support in anesthesia: turning war stories into wellness. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2018;31(3):382-7. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000591 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000... )
	•	YOU Matter(³⁷37 Merandi J, Liao N, Lewe D, Morvay S, Stewart B, Catt C, et al. Deployment of a Second Victim Peer Support Program: a replication study. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2017;2(4):e031. doi: 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000031 https://doi.org/10.1097/pq9.000000000000... ,³⁹39 Hauk L. Support strategies for health care professionals who are second victims. AORN J. 2018;107(6):P7-9. doi: 10.1002/aorn.12291 https://doi.org/10.1002/aorn.12291... ,⁴⁹49 Krzan KD, Merandi J, Morvay S, Mirtallo, J. Implementation of a "second victim" program in a pediatric hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2015;72(7):563-7. doi: 10.2146/ajhp140650 https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp140650... )
Programs and Services (37)/ S6,S7,S13,S14,S15,S22,S23, S24,S25,S26,S27,S28,S29,S30, S31,S32,S33,S34,S35,S36,S37, S38,S39,S40,S41,S42,S43,S44, S45,S46,S47,S48,S49,S50,S51, S52,S53	•	Online intervention program(⁵⁰50 Carrillo I, Ferrús L, Silvestre C, Pérez-Pérez P, Torijano ML, Iglesias-Alonso F, et al. Propuestas para el estudio del fenómeno de las segundas víctimas en España en atención primaria y hospitales. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.04.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.04.0... -⁵¹51 Mira JJ, Carrillo I, Guilabert M, Lorenzo S, Pérez-Pérez P, Silvestre, et al. The second victim phenomenon after a clinical error: the design and evaluation of a website to reduce caregivers' emotional responses after a clinical error. J Med Internet Res. 2017;19(6):e203. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7840 https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.7840... )
	•	The Washington University School of Medicine Clinician Peer Support Program(⁵²52 Lane MA, Newman BM, Taylor MZ, O'Neill M, Ghetti C, Woltman RM, et al. Supporting clinicians after adverse events: development of a clinician peer support program. J Patient Saf. 2018;14(3):e56-60. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000508 https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.000000000000... )
	•	Novel Surgery-Specific Second VictimPeer Support Program(⁵³53 El Hechi MW, Bohnen JD, Westfal M, Han K, Cauley C, Wright C, et al. Design and impact of a novel surgery-specific second victim peer support program. J Am Coll Surg. 2020;230(6):926-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.10.015 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.20... )
Guidelines (4)/ S48,S50,S54,S55	•	AHRQ(⁴⁸48 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Care for the Caregiver Program Implementation Guide [Internet]. Bethesda, Maryland: AHRQ; 2016 [cited 2017 Aug 20]. Available from: https://www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/capacity/candor/modules/guide6.html https://www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/capa... )
	•	Guía de recomendaciones - Grupo de Investigación em Segundas y Terceras Víctimas (⁵⁰50 Carrillo I, Ferrús L, Silvestre C, Pérez-Pérez P, Torijano ML, Iglesias-Alonso F, et al. Propuestas para el estudio del fenómeno de las segundas víctimas en España en atención primaria y hospitales. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.04.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.04.0... ,⁵⁴54 Mira Solves JJ, Lorenzo Martínez S, Carrillo Murcia I, Férruz Estopà L, Silvestre Busto C, Pérez Pérez P, et al. Guía de recomendaciones para ofrecer una adecuada respuesta al paciente tras la ocurrencia de un evento adverso y atender a las segundas y terceras víctimas. Valencia: Grupo de Investigación en Segundas y Terceras Víctimas; 2015.)
	•	Guía de actuación ante eventos centinela (⁵⁵55 Pais Iglesias B, Rodríguez Pérez B, Martín Rodríguez, Carreras Viñas M. Gestión de segundas víctimas en Galicia. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):47-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.0... )
Tools (5)/ S24,S26,S30,S50,S56	•	Toolkit(²⁴24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011.,²⁶26 Wu AW, Steckelberg RC. Medical error, incident investigation and the second victim: doing better but feeling worse? BMJ Qual Saf. 2012;21(4):267-70. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2011-000605 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2011-00060... ,³⁰30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... ,⁵⁶56 Carugno J, Winkel AF. Surgical catastrophe. Supporting the gynecologic surgeon after an adverse event. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2018;25(7):1117-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.05.012 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2018.05.0... )
Tools (5)/ S24,S26,S30,S50,S56	•	Basada en el Análisis Causa-RAíz (BACRA) (⁵⁰50 Carrillo I, Ferrús L, Silvestre C, Pérez-Pérez P, Torijano ML, Iglesias-Alonso F, et al. Propuestas para el estudio del fenómeno de las segundas víctimas en España en atención primaria y hospitales. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.04.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.04.0... )
Interventions (48)/ S6,S7,S9,S13,S14,S15,S16,S23 S24,S25,S27,S29,S30,S32,S33, S34,S35,S39,S42,S43,S44,S46, S47,S49,S50,S51,S55,S57,S58, S59,S60,S61,S62,S63,S64,S65, S66,S67,S68,S69,S70,S71,S72, S73,S74,S75,S76,S77	•	Dialogue with co-workers, family, friends, managers, mental health speciali st(⁶6 Scott SD, Hirschinger LE, Cox KR, McCoig M, Hahn-Cover K, Epperly KM, et al. Caring for our own: deploying a systemwide second victim rapid response team. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2010;36(5):233-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36038-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36... -⁷7 Seys D, Scott S, Wu A, Van Gerven E, Vleugels A, Euwema M, et al. Supporting involved health care professionals (second victims) following an adverse health event: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(5):678-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.07.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.... ,⁹9 Mira JJ, Carrillo I, Lorenzo S, Ferrús L, Silvestre C, Pastora Pérez-Pérez, et al. The aftermath of adverse events in Spanish primary care and hospital health professionals. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15:151. doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-0790-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-0790-... ,¹³13 Edrees H, Connors C, Paine L, Norvell M, Taylor H, Wu AW. Implementing the RISE second victim support programme at the Johns Hopkins Hospital: a case study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(9):e011708. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011708 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011... -¹⁴14 Shapiro J, Galowitz P. Peer Support for clinicians: a programmatic approach. Acad Med. 2016;91(9):1200-4. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001297 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.000000000000... ,¹⁶16 Ullström S, Sachs MA, Hansson J, Øvretveit J, Brommels M. Suffering in silence: a qualitative study of second victims of adverse events. BMJ Qual Saf. 2014;23(4):325-31. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002035 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2013-00203... ,²³23 Scott SD. The second victim phenomenon: a harsh reality of health care professions. PSNet [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2017 May 03]. Available from: https://psnet.ahrq.gov/perspectives/perspective/102/the-second-victim-phenomenon-a-harsh-reality-of-health-care-professions https://psnet.ahrq.gov/perspectives/pers... -²⁴24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011.,²⁹29 Strobl J, Panesar SS, Carson-Stevens A, Mclldowie B, Ward H, Cross H, et al. Suicide by clinicians involved in serious incidents in the NHS: a situational analysis. Salford: Royal NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Leaders Network; 2014-³⁰30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... ,³³33 White AA, Brock DM, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Edrees HH, Wu AW, et al. Risk managers' descriptions of programs to support second victims after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2015;34(4):30-40. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21169 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21169... 34 Putnam K. Peer support programs help health care workers overcome emotional trauma. AORN J. 2016;104(3):P7-9. doi: 10.1016/S0001-2092(16)30525-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(16)30... -³⁵35 Coughlan B, Powell D, Higgins MF. The second victim: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;213:11-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04... ,⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... ,⁴⁶46 Kaltman SI, Ragan M, Borges O. Managing the untoward anesthetic event in an oral and maxillofacial surgery practice. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2013;25(3):515-27. doi:10.1016/j.coms.2013.03.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2013.03.0... -⁴⁷47 Lewis EJ, Baernholdt M, Hamric AB. Nurses' experience of medical errors: an integrative literature review. J Nurs Care Qual. 2013;28(2):153-61. doi: 10.1097/NCQ.0b013e31827e05d1 https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0b013e31827e... ,⁴⁹49 Krzan KD, Merandi J, Morvay S, Mirtallo, J. Implementation of a "second victim" program in a pediatric hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2015;72(7):563-7. doi: 10.2146/ajhp140650 https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp140650... ,⁵¹51 Mira JJ, Carrillo I, Guilabert M, Lorenzo S, Pérez-Pérez P, Silvestre, et al. The second victim phenomenon after a clinical error: the design and evaluation of a website to reduce caregivers' emotional responses after a clinical error. J Med Internet Res. 2017;19(6):e203. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7840 https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.7840... ,⁵⁵55 Pais Iglesias B, Rodríguez Pérez B, Martín Rodríguez, Carreras Viñas M. Gestión de segundas víctimas en Galicia. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):47-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.0... ,⁵⁷57 Aranaz Andrés JM, Mira Solves JJ, Guilabert Mora M, Herrero JF, Vitaller Burillo J. Repercusión de los eventos adversos en los profesionales sanitários: estudio sobre las segundas víctimas. Trauma Fund MAPFRE. 2013;24(1):54-60. 58 Van Gerven EV, Seys D, Panella M, Sermeus W, Euwema M, Federico F, et al. Involvement of health-care professionals in an adverse event: the role of management in supporting their work force. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2014;124(6):313-20. doi: 10.20452/pamw.2297 https://doi.org/10.20452/pamw.2297... 59 Joesten L, Cipparrone N, Okuno-Jones S, DuBose ER. Assessing the perceived level of institutional support for the second victim after a patient safety event. J Patient Saf. 2015;11(2):73-8. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000060 https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.000000000000... 60 Rivera EY, Lee C, Bernstein PS, Chazotte C, Goffman D. "Second victim" experiences in obstetrics and gynecology. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(5):107S. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000463648.49876.ba https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.000046364... 61 Chan ST, Khong PCB, Wang W. Psychological responses, coping, and supporting needs of healthcare professionals as second victims. Int Nurs Rev. 2016;64(2):242-62. doi: 10.1111/inr.12317 https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12317... 62 Bueno Domínguez MJ, Briansó Florencio M, Colomés Figuera L, Prats Alonso E. Experiencia de unidad de soporte a las segundas víctimas (USVIC). Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(Supl. 2):49-52. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.0... 63 Van Gerven E, Deweer D, Scott SD, Panella M, Euwema M, Sermeus W, et al. Personal, situational and organizational aspects that influence the impact of patient safety incidents: a qualitative study. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(Suppl 2):34-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.02.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.02.0... 64 Trent M, Waldo K, Wehbe-Janek H, Williams D, Hegefeld W, Havens L, et al. Impact of health care adversity on providers: lessons learned from a staff support program. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2016;36(2):27-34. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21239 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21239... 65 Edrees H, Brock DM, Wu AW, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Shannon SE, et al. The experiences of risk managers in providing emotional support for health care workers after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2016;35(4):14-21. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21219 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21219... 66 Han K, Bohnen JD, Peponis T, Martinez M, Nandan A, Yeh DD et al. The surgeon as the second victim? Results of the Boston Intraoperative Adverse Events Surgeons' Attitude (BISA) Study. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(6):1048-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.12.039 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.20... 67 Chan ST, Khong BPC, Pei Lin Tan L, He HG, Wang W. Experiences of Singapore nurses as second victims: a qualitative study. Nurs Health Sci. 2018;20(2):165-72. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12397 https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12397... 68 Miller CS, Scott SD, Beck M. Second victims and mindfulness: a systematic review. J Patient Saf Risk Manag. 2019;24(3):108-17. doi: 10.1177/2516043519838176 https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043519838176... 69 Cabilan CJ, Kynoch K. Experiences of and support for nurses as second victims of adverse nursing errors: a qualitative systematic review. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2017;15(9):2333-64. doi: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003254 https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-00... 70 Badruddin S, Gul R, Dias J, PirMuhammad K, Roshan R. Health care professional as a second victim. Med Clin Rev. 2018;4(1/2):1-7. doi: 10.21767/2471-299X.1000065 https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-299X.10000... 71 Nydoo P, Pillay BJ, Naicker T, Moodley J. The second victim phenomenon in health care: a literature review. Scand J Public Health. 2019 Aug 13:1403494819855506. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1177/1403494819855506 https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494819855506... 72 Pilarski A, Schwoch M, Tabatabai R. Assessing Second Victim Syndrome among emergency medicine physicians. In: 2018 Clinician's Well-Being Conference Recap; 2018 Sep 26-28. Columbus: The Ohio State University; 2018. p. 71. 73 Yoo L, Fei M. The second victim: supporting healthcare providers involved in medication errors. Hosp News. 2018 Apr: 4. 74 Wade L, Williams N, Fitzpatrick E, Parker R, Hurley K. Organizational interventions and policies to support second victims in acute care settings: a scoping study. CJEM. 2019;21(S1):S112-3. doi: 10.1017/cem.2019.325 https://doi.org/10.1017/cem.2019.325... -⁷⁵75 Kobe C, Blouin S, Moltzan C, Koul R. The second victim phenomenon: perspective of canadian radiation therapists. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2019;50(1):87-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jmir.2018.07.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2018.07.0... )
	•	Decalogue(⁵⁷57 Aranaz Andrés JM, Mira Solves JJ, Guilabert Mora M, Herrero JF, Vitaller Burillo J. Repercusión de los eventos adversos en los profesionales sanitários: estudio sobre las segundas víctimas. Trauma Fund MAPFRE. 2013;24(1):54-60.)
	•	Dialogue to reveal the AE and apology to the patient/family(²⁹29 Strobl J, Panesar SS, Carson-Stevens A, Mclldowie B, Ward H, Cross H, et al. Suicide by clinicians involved in serious incidents in the NHS: a situational analysis. Salford: Royal NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Leaders Network; 2014,³³33 White AA, Brock DM, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Edrees HH, Wu AW, et al. Risk managers' descriptions of programs to support second victims after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2015;34(4):30-40. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21169 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21169... ,⁴²42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6.,⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... ,⁵⁸58 Van Gerven EV, Seys D, Panella M, Sermeus W, Euwema M, Federico F, et al. Involvement of health-care professionals in an adverse event: the role of management in supporting their work force. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2014;124(6):313-20. doi: 10.20452/pamw.2297 https://doi.org/10.20452/pamw.2297... -⁵⁹59 Joesten L, Cipparrone N, Okuno-Jones S, DuBose ER. Assessing the perceived level of institutional support for the second victim after a patient safety event. J Patient Saf. 2015;11(2):73-8. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000060 https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.000000000000... ,⁶¹61 Chan ST, Khong PCB, Wang W. Psychological responses, coping, and supporting needs of healthcare professionals as second victims. Int Nurs Rev. 2016;64(2):242-62. doi: 10.1111/inr.12317 https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12317... ,⁶⁹69 Cabilan CJ, Kynoch K. Experiences of and support for nurses as second victims of adverse nursing errors: a qualitative systematic review. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2017;15(9):2333-64. doi: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003254 https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-00... ,⁷¹71 Nydoo P, Pillay BJ, Naicker T, Moodley J. The second victim phenomenon in health care: a literature review. Scand J Public Health. 2019 Aug 13:1403494819855506. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1177/1403494819855506 https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494819855506... ,⁷³73 Yoo L, Fei M. The second victim: supporting healthcare providers involved in medication errors. Hosp News. 2018 Apr: 4.)
	•	Discussing the EA with another person(⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... ,⁶⁹69 Cabilan CJ, Kynoch K. Experiences of and support for nurses as second victims of adverse nursing errors: a qualitative systematic review. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2017;15(9):2333-64. doi: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003254 https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-00... ,⁷¹71 Nydoo P, Pillay BJ, Naicker T, Moodley J. The second victim phenomenon in health care: a literature review. Scand J Public Health. 2019 Aug 13:1403494819855506. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1177/1403494819855506 https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494819855506... ,⁷³73 Yoo L, Fei M. The second victim: supporting healthcare providers involved in medication errors. Hosp News. 2018 Apr: 4.)
	•	Informal and formal support strategies(⁶6 Scott SD, Hirschinger LE, Cox KR, McCoig M, Hahn-Cover K, Epperly KM, et al. Caring for our own: deploying a systemwide second victim rapid response team. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2010;36(5):233-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36038-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36... -⁷7 Seys D, Scott S, Wu A, Van Gerven E, Vleugels A, Euwema M, et al. Supporting involved health care professionals (second victims) following an adverse health event: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(5):678-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.07.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.... ,⁹9 Mira JJ, Carrillo I, Lorenzo S, Ferrús L, Silvestre C, Pastora Pérez-Pérez, et al. The aftermath of adverse events in Spanish primary care and hospital health professionals. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15:151. doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-0790-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-0790-... ,¹³13 Edrees H, Connors C, Paine L, Norvell M, Taylor H, Wu AW. Implementing the RISE second victim support programme at the Johns Hopkins Hospital: a case study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(9):e011708. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011708 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011... 14 Shapiro J, Galowitz P. Peer Support for clinicians: a programmatic approach. Acad Med. 2016;91(9):1200-4. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001297 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.000000000000... 15 Pratt S, Kenney L, Scott SD, Wu AW. How to develop a second victim support program: a toolkit for health care organizations. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2012;38(5):235-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(12)38030-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(12)38... -¹⁶16 Ullström S, Sachs MA, Hansson J, Øvretveit J, Brommels M. Suffering in silence: a qualitative study of second victims of adverse events. BMJ Qual Saf. 2014;23(4):325-31. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002035 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2013-00203... ,²⁹29 Strobl J, Panesar SS, Carson-Stevens A, Mclldowie B, Ward H, Cross H, et al. Suicide by clinicians involved in serious incidents in the NHS: a situational analysis. Salford: Royal NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Leaders Network; 2014-³⁰30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... ,³²32 Scott SD. Second victim support: implications for patient safety attitudes and perceptions. Patient Saf Qual Healthc [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.psqh.com/analysis/second-victim-support-implications-for-patient-safety-attitudes-and-perceptions/ https://www.psqh.com/analysis/second-vic... 33 White AA, Brock DM, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Edrees HH, Wu AW, et al. Risk managers' descriptions of programs to support second victims after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2015;34(4):30-40. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21169 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21169... -³⁴34 Putnam K. Peer support programs help health care workers overcome emotional trauma. AORN J. 2016;104(3):P7-9. doi: 10.1016/S0001-2092(16)30525-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(16)30... ,⁴²42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6.,⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... ,⁴⁷47 Lewis EJ, Baernholdt M, Hamric AB. Nurses' experience of medical errors: an integrative literature review. J Nurs Care Qual. 2013;28(2):153-61. doi: 10.1097/NCQ.0b013e31827e05d1 https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0b013e31827e... ,⁴⁹49 Krzan KD, Merandi J, Morvay S, Mirtallo, J. Implementation of a "second victim" program in a pediatric hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2015;72(7):563-7. doi: 10.2146/ajhp140650 https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp140650... ,⁵⁵55 Pais Iglesias B, Rodríguez Pérez B, Martín Rodríguez, Carreras Viñas M. Gestión de segundas víctimas en Galicia. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):47-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.0... ,⁵⁸58 Van Gerven EV, Seys D, Panella M, Sermeus W, Euwema M, Federico F, et al. Involvement of health-care professionals in an adverse event: the role of management in supporting their work force. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2014;124(6):313-20. doi: 10.20452/pamw.2297 https://doi.org/10.20452/pamw.2297... 59 Joesten L, Cipparrone N, Okuno-Jones S, DuBose ER. Assessing the perceived level of institutional support for the second victim after a patient safety event. J Patient Saf. 2015;11(2):73-8. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000060 https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.000000000000... 60 Rivera EY, Lee C, Bernstein PS, Chazotte C, Goffman D. "Second victim" experiences in obstetrics and gynecology. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(5):107S. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000463648.49876.ba https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.000046364... -⁶¹61 Chan ST, Khong PCB, Wang W. Psychological responses, coping, and supporting needs of healthcare professionals as second victims. Int Nurs Rev. 2016;64(2):242-62. doi: 10.1111/inr.12317 https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12317... ,⁶⁵65 Edrees H, Brock DM, Wu AW, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Shannon SE, et al. The experiences of risk managers in providing emotional support for health care workers after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2016;35(4):14-21. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21219 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21219... -⁶⁶66 Han K, Bohnen JD, Peponis T, Martinez M, Nandan A, Yeh DD et al. The surgeon as the second victim? Results of the Boston Intraoperative Adverse Events Surgeons' Attitude (BISA) Study. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(6):1048-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.12.039 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.20... )
Interventions (48)/ S6,S7,S9,S13,S14,S15,S16,S23 S24,S25,S27,S29,S30,S32,S33, S34,S35,S39,S42,S43,S44,S46, S47,S49,S50,S51,S55,S57,S58, S59,S60,S61,S62,S63,S64,S65, S66,S67,S68,S69,S70,S71,S72, S73,S74,S75,S76,S77	•	Support from managers at all levels, counselors or therapist, department/unit or institution and psychological support(⁶6 Scott SD, Hirschinger LE, Cox KR, McCoig M, Hahn-Cover K, Epperly KM, et al. Caring for our own: deploying a systemwide second victim rapid response team. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2010;36(5):233-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36038-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36... ,⁹9 Mira JJ, Carrillo I, Lorenzo S, Ferrús L, Silvestre C, Pastora Pérez-Pérez, et al. The aftermath of adverse events in Spanish primary care and hospital health professionals. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15:151. doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-0790-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-0790-... ,¹⁵15 Pratt S, Kenney L, Scott SD, Wu AW. How to develop a second victim support program: a toolkit for health care organizations. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2012;38(5):235-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(12)38030-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(12)38... ,²⁹29 Strobl J, Panesar SS, Carson-Stevens A, Mclldowie B, Ward H, Cross H, et al. Suicide by clinicians involved in serious incidents in the NHS: a situational analysis. Salford: Royal NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Leaders Network; 2014,³³33 White AA, Brock DM, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Edrees HH, Wu AW, et al. Risk managers' descriptions of programs to support second victims after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2015;34(4):30-40. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21169 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21169... ,⁴³43 Vinson AE, Randel G. Peer support in anesthesia: turning war stories into wellness. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2018;31(3):382-7. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000591 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000... -⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... ,⁵⁵55 Pais Iglesias B, Rodríguez Pérez B, Martín Rodríguez, Carreras Viñas M. Gestión de segundas víctimas en Galicia. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):47-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.0... ,⁵⁹59 Joesten L, Cipparrone N, Okuno-Jones S, DuBose ER. Assessing the perceived level of institutional support for the second victim after a patient safety event. J Patient Saf. 2015;11(2):73-8. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000060 https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.000000000000... ,⁶¹61 Chan ST, Khong PCB, Wang W. Psychological responses, coping, and supporting needs of healthcare professionals as second victims. Int Nurs Rev. 2016;64(2):242-62. doi: 10.1111/inr.12317 https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12317... ,⁶⁵65 Edrees H, Brock DM, Wu AW, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Shannon SE, et al. The experiences of risk managers in providing emotional support for health care workers after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2016;35(4):14-21. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21219 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21219... -⁶⁶66 Han K, Bohnen JD, Peponis T, Martinez M, Nandan A, Yeh DD et al. The surgeon as the second victim? Results of the Boston Intraoperative Adverse Events Surgeons' Attitude (BISA) Study. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(6):1048-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.12.039 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.20... ,⁶⁸68 Miller CS, Scott SD, Beck M. Second victims and mindfulness: a systematic review. J Patient Saf Risk Manag. 2019;24(3):108-17. doi: 10.1177/2516043519838176 https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043519838176... ,⁷⁰70 Badruddin S, Gul R, Dias J, PirMuhammad K, Roshan R. Health care professional as a second victim. Med Clin Rev. 2018;4(1/2):1-7. doi: 10.21767/2471-299X.1000065 https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-299X.10000... ,⁷⁵75 Kobe C, Blouin S, Moltzan C, Koul R. The second victim phenomenon: perspective of canadian radiation therapists. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2019;50(1):87-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jmir.2018.07.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2018.07.0... -⁷⁶76 Boucher A, Ho C. Aftermath of a medication incident: caring for the patient, the family, but also the healthcare professional. Pharm Connect [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Nov 08];26(2):32-5. Available from: https://www.ocpinfo.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/ocp_pharmacyconnection_spring2019.pdf https://www.ocpinfo.com/wp-content/uploa... )
	•	Website Mitigating Impact in Second Victims (MISE)(³⁹39 Hauk L. Support strategies for health care professionals who are second victims. AORN J. 2018;107(6):P7-9. doi: 10.1002/aorn.12291 https://doi.org/10.1002/aorn.12291... ,⁴²42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6.-⁴³43 Vinson AE, Randel G. Peer support in anesthesia: turning war stories into wellness. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2018;31(3):382-7. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000591 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000... ,⁵⁰50 Carrillo I, Ferrús L, Silvestre C, Pérez-Pérez P, Torijano ML, Iglesias-Alonso F, et al. Propuestas para el estudio del fenómeno de las segundas víctimas en España en atención primaria y hospitales. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.04.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.04.0... -⁵¹51 Mira JJ, Carrillo I, Guilabert M, Lorenzo S, Pérez-Pérez P, Silvestre, et al. The second victim phenomenon after a clinical error: the design and evaluation of a website to reduce caregivers' emotional responses after a clinical error. J Med Internet Res. 2017;19(6):e203. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7840 https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.7840... )
	•	Second Victim Support Unit (USVIC)(⁶²62 Bueno Domínguez MJ, Briansó Florencio M, Colomés Figuera L, Prats Alonso E. Experiencia de unidad de soporte a las segundas víctimas (USVIC). Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(Supl. 2):49-52. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.0... )
	•	Coping strategies(¹³13 Edrees H, Connors C, Paine L, Norvell M, Taylor H, Wu AW. Implementing the RISE second victim support programme at the Johns Hopkins Hospital: a case study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(9):e011708. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011708 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011... ,¹⁶16 Ullström S, Sachs MA, Hansson J, Øvretveit J, Brommels M. Suffering in silence: a qualitative study of second victims of adverse events. BMJ Qual Saf. 2014;23(4):325-31. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002035 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2013-00203... ,²³23 Scott SD. The second victim phenomenon: a harsh reality of health care professions. PSNet [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2017 May 03]. Available from: https://psnet.ahrq.gov/perspectives/perspective/102/the-second-victim-phenomenon-a-harsh-reality-of-health-care-professions https://psnet.ahrq.gov/perspectives/pers... 24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011.-²⁵25 Hall LW, Scott SD. The second victim of adverse health care events. Nurs Clin North Am. 2012;47(3):383-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.0... ,³⁰30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... ,³⁵35 Coughlan B, Powell D, Higgins MF. The second victim: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;213:11-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04... ,⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... ,⁴⁶46 Kaltman SI, Ragan M, Borges O. Managing the untoward anesthetic event in an oral and maxillofacial surgery practice. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2013;25(3):515-27. doi:10.1016/j.coms.2013.03.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2013.03.0... ,⁶¹61 Chan ST, Khong PCB, Wang W. Psychological responses, coping, and supporting needs of healthcare professionals as second victims. Int Nurs Rev. 2016;64(2):242-62. doi: 10.1111/inr.12317 https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12317... ,⁶³63 Van Gerven E, Deweer D, Scott SD, Panella M, Euwema M, Sermeus W, et al. Personal, situational and organizational aspects that influence the impact of patient safety incidents: a qualitative study. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(Suppl 2):34-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.02.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.02.0... -⁶⁴64 Trent M, Waldo K, Wehbe-Janek H, Williams D, Hegefeld W, Havens L, et al. Impact of health care adversity on providers: lessons learned from a staff support program. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2016;36(2):27-34. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21239 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21239... )
	•	Support from co-workers, spouse, family members, friends and multidisciplinary team(⁶6 Scott SD, Hirschinger LE, Cox KR, McCoig M, Hahn-Cover K, Epperly KM, et al. Caring for our own: deploying a systemwide second victim rapid response team. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2010;36(5):233-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36038-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36... ,¹³13 Edrees H, Connors C, Paine L, Norvell M, Taylor H, Wu AW. Implementing the RISE second victim support programme at the Johns Hopkins Hospital: a case study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(9):e011708. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011708 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011... ,¹⁶16 Ullström S, Sachs MA, Hansson J, Øvretveit J, Brommels M. Suffering in silence: a qualitative study of second victims of adverse events. BMJ Qual Saf. 2014;23(4):325-31. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002035 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2013-00203... ,³⁰30 Pratt SD, Jachna BR. Care of the clinician after an adverse event. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015;24(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.10.0... ,⁴²42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6.,⁴⁴44 Robertson JJ, Long B. Suffering in silence: medical error and its impact on health care providers. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):402-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.... ,⁵⁸58 Van Gerven EV, Seys D, Panella M, Sermeus W, Euwema M, Federico F, et al. Involvement of health-care professionals in an adverse event: the role of management in supporting their work force. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2014;124(6):313-20. doi: 10.20452/pamw.2297 https://doi.org/10.20452/pamw.2297... ,⁶¹61 Chan ST, Khong PCB, Wang W. Psychological responses, coping, and supporting needs of healthcare professionals as second victims. Int Nurs Rev. 2016;64(2):242-62. doi: 10.1111/inr.12317 https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12317... ,⁶⁶66 Han K, Bohnen JD, Peponis T, Martinez M, Nandan A, Yeh DD et al. The surgeon as the second victim? Results of the Boston Intraoperative Adverse Events Surgeons' Attitude (BISA) Study. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(6):1048-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.12.039 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.20... ,⁷⁷77 Lee W, Pyo J, Jang SG, Choi JE, Ock M. Experiences and responses of second victims of patient safety incidents in Korea: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19(100). doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-3936-1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-3936-... )
	•	Training and learning from error(²⁴24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011.,⁴²42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6.,⁶⁷67 Chan ST, Khong BPC, Pei Lin Tan L, He HG, Wang W. Experiences of Singapore nurses as second victims: a qualitative study. Nurs Health Sci. 2018;20(2):165-72. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12397 https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12397... -⁶⁸68 Miller CS, Scott SD, Beck M. Second victims and mindfulness: a systematic review. J Patient Saf Risk Manag. 2019;24(3):108-17. doi: 10.1177/2516043519838176 https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043519838176... ,⁷¹71 Nydoo P, Pillay BJ, Naicker T, Moodley J. The second victim phenomenon in health care: a literature review. Scand J Public Health. 2019 Aug 13:1403494819855506. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1177/1403494819855506 https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494819855506... ,⁷⁵75 Kobe C, Blouin S, Moltzan C, Koul R. The second victim phenomenon: perspective of canadian radiation therapists. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2019;50(1):87-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jmir.2018.07.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2018.07.0... -⁷⁶76 Boucher A, Ho C. Aftermath of a medication incident: caring for the patient, the family, but also the healthcare professional. Pharm Connect [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Nov 08];26(2):32-5. Available from: https://www.ocpinfo.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/ocp_pharmacyconnection_spring2019.pdf https://www.ocpinfo.com/wp-content/uploa... ), positive feedback(²⁴24 Sirriyeh RH. Coping with medical error: the case of the health professional [thesis]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011.,⁴²42 Nainar, SMH. Adverse events during dental care for children: implications for practitioner health and wellness. Pediatr Dent. 2018;15:40(5):323-6.) and proactive education(⁷⁴74 Wade L, Williams N, Fitzpatrick E, Parker R, Hurley K. Organizational interventions and policies to support second victims in acute care settings: a scoping study. CJEM. 2019;21(S1):S112-3. doi: 10.1017/cem.2019.325 https://doi.org/10.1017/cem.2019.325... )
	•	Solve the situation alone(⁶6 Scott SD, Hirschinger LE, Cox KR, McCoig M, Hahn-Cover K, Epperly KM, et al. Caring for our own: deploying a systemwide second victim rapid response team. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2010;36(5):233-40. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36038-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(10)36... ,⁴⁹49 Krzan KD, Merandi J, Morvay S, Mirtallo, J. Implementation of a "second victim" program in a pediatric hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2015;72(7):563-7. doi: 10.2146/ajhp140650 https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp140650... ,⁶⁶66 Han K, Bohnen JD, Peponis T, Martinez M, Nandan A, Yeh DD et al. The surgeon as the second victim? Results of the Boston Intraoperative Adverse Events Surgeons' Attitude (BISA) Study. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(6):1048-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.12.039 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.20... 67 Chan ST, Khong BPC, Pei Lin Tan L, He HG, Wang W. Experiences of Singapore nurses as second victims: a qualitative study. Nurs Health Sci. 2018;20(2):165-72. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12397 https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12397... -⁶⁸68 Miller CS, Scott SD, Beck M. Second victims and mindfulness: a systematic review. J Patient Saf Risk Manag. 2019;24(3):108-17. doi: 10.1177/2516043519838176 https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043519838176... ,⁷⁷77 Lee W, Pyo J, Jang SG, Choi JE, Ock M. Experiences and responses of second victims of patient safety incidents in Korea: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19(100). doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-3936-1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-3936-... )
	•	Institutional policies and guidelines for professional and patient protection(⁵⁹59 Joesten L, Cipparrone N, Okuno-Jones S, DuBose ER. Assessing the perceived level of institutional support for the second victim after a patient safety event. J Patient Saf. 2015;11(2):73-8. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000060 https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.000000000000... -⁶⁰60 Rivera EY, Lee C, Bernstein PS, Chazotte C, Goffman D. "Second victim" experiences in obstetrics and gynecology. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(5):107S. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000463648.49876.ba https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.000046364... ,⁶⁸68 Miller CS, Scott SD, Beck M. Second victims and mindfulness: a systematic review. J Patient Saf Risk Manag. 2019;24(3):108-17. doi: 10.1177/2516043519838176 https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043519838176... )
	•	Reflective writing(⁷7 Seys D, Scott S, Wu A, Van Gerven E, Vleugels A, Euwema M, et al. Supporting involved health care professionals (second victims) following an adverse health event: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(5):678-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.07.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.... ,²⁵25 Hall LW, Scott SD. The second victim of adverse health care events. Nurs Clin North Am. 2012;47(3):383-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2012.05.0... )
	•	Temporary leave(³³33 White AA, Brock DM, McCotter PI, Hofeldt R, Edrees HH, Wu AW, et al. Risk managers' descriptions of programs to support second victims after adverse events. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2015;34(4):30-40. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.21169 https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21169... ,⁵⁵55 Pais Iglesias B, Rodríguez Pérez B, Martín Rodríguez, Carreras Viñas M. Gestión de segundas víctimas en Galicia. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):47-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.0... ,⁷¹71 Nydoo P, Pillay BJ, Naicker T, Moodley J. The second victim phenomenon in health care: a literature review. Scand J Public Health. 2019 Aug 13:1403494819855506. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1177/1403494819855506 https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494819855506... )
	•	Self-punishment, self-defense, denial of fact and depersonalization(²⁷27 Hofeldt R, McCotter PI. Nurses as second victims: supporting our colleagues following an adverse event. Wash Nurs Comm News. 2012;6(2):14-5.,³⁵35 Coughlan B, Powell D, Higgins MF. The second victim: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;213:11-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04... ,⁵⁵55 Pais Iglesias B, Rodríguez Pérez B, Martín Rodríguez, Carreras Viñas M. Gestión de segundas víctimas en Galicia. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(S2):47-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.06.0... ,⁶³63 Van Gerven E, Deweer D, Scott SD, Panella M, Euwema M, Sermeus W, et al. Personal, situational and organizational aspects that influence the impact of patient safety incidents: a qualitative study. Rev Calid Asist. 2016;31(Suppl 2):34-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2016.02.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cali.2016.02.0... ,⁶⁶66 Han K, Bohnen JD, Peponis T, Martinez M, Nandan A, Yeh DD et al. The surgeon as the second victim? Results of the Boston Intraoperative Adverse Events Surgeons' Attitude (BISA) Study. J Am Coll Surg. 2017;224(6):1048-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.12.039 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.20... ,⁷¹71 Nydoo P, Pillay BJ, Naicker T, Moodley J. The second victim phenomenon in health care: a literature review. Scand J Public Health. 2019 Aug 13:1403494819855506. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1177/1403494819855506 https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494819855506... )
	•	Exercise well-being: physical activity, self-forgiveness, reviewing excessive perfection(44) and self-compassion(⁶⁸68 Miller CS, Scott SD, Beck M. Second victims and mindfulness: a systematic review. J Patient Saf Risk Manag. 2019;24(3):108-17. doi: 10.1177/2516043519838176 https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043519838176... )
	•	Support in prayer and spirituality(⁶⁷67 Chan ST, Khong BPC, Pei Lin Tan L, He HG, Wang W. Experiences of Singapore nurses as second victims: a qualitative study. Nurs Health Sci. 2018;20(2):165-72. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12397 https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12397... -⁶⁸68 Miller CS, Scott SD, Beck M. Second victims and mindfulness: a systematic review. J Patient Saf Risk Manag. 2019;24(3):108-17. doi: 10.1177/2516043519838176 https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043519838176... ,⁷⁰70 Badruddin S, Gul R, Dias J, PirMuhammad K, Roshan R. Health care professional as a second victim. Med Clin Rev. 2018;4(1/2):1-7. doi: 10.21767/2471-299X.1000065 https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-299X.10000... )
	•	Worker Assistance Program(⁷³73 Yoo L, Fei M. The second victim: supporting healthcare providers involved in medication errors. Hosp News. 2018 Apr: 4.)

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[1] Corresponding author: Ellen Regina Sevilla Quadrado, Av. Dr. Jesuíno Marcondes Machado, 1030, Nova Campinas, CEP 13092-001 - Campinas, SP, Brazil. ersquadrado@alumni.usp.br