Reiki protocol for preoperative anxiety, depression, and well-being: a non-randomized controlled trial

Santos, Cristovão Barros Rodrigues dos; Gomes, Eduardo Tavares; Bezerra, Simone Maria Muniz da Silva; Püschel, Vilanice Alves de Araújo

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Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 54 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2019012403630 copy

Reiki protocol for preoperative anxiety, depression, and well-being: a non-randomized controlled trial^* * Extracted from the study of completion of residency: “Efetividade de um protocolo de Reiki na ansiedade pré-operatória: ensaio clínico controlado não randomizado”, Universidade de Pernambuco, 2018.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective

To assess the effectiveness of Reiki in reducing anxiety, depression, and improving preoperative well-being in cardiac surgery.

Method

A non-randomized, two-arm controlled clinical trial conducted in a cardiology referral hospital with patients in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery, with up to five days for surgery, between May and November 2018. The intervention group (n=31) was submitted to a Reiki protocol, and the control group (n=59) received only conventional care.

Results

One hundred twenty-four patients were assessed. The mean anxiety and depression did not obtain a significant difference between the groups. Spiritual well-being, in religious and existential dimensions, has improved significantly.

Conclusion

Anxiety and depression were lower in the intervention group, with no statistically significant difference. There was a better result in the assessment of well-being with the intervention group. Religiosity may interfere in some cases with acceptance of holistic and integrative practices. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-4cxw37

Preoperative Period; Thoracic Surgery; Anxiety; Therapeutic Touch; Complementary Therapies

Variables	Control (N=59)	Reiki (N=31)	P*
Variables	n/%	n/%	P*
Gender
Male	36 / 61.0	15 / 48.4	0.251
Female	23 / 38.9	16 / 51.6	0.251
Age group
Up to 60 years old	35 / 59.3	13 / 41.9	0.116
60 years old or older	24 / 40.7	18 / 58.1	0.116
Labor activity
Yes	22 / 37.3	6 / 19.4	0.101
No	37 / 62.7	25 / 80.6	0.101
Partner/Spouse
Yes	33 / 64.7	12 / 38.7	0.121
No	26 / 35.3	19 / 61.3	0.121
Surgery
Revascularization	23 / 45.1	17 / 54.8	0.15
Valvuloplasty/Exchange	36 / 54.9	14 / 45.2	0.15
Companion
Yes	13 / 22.0	10 / 32.3	0.291
No	46 / 78.0	21 / 67.7	0.291
Daily visit
Yes	13 / 22.0	10 / 32.3	0.291
No	46 / 78.0	21 / 67.7	0.291
Length of stay
Up to 10 days	54 / 91.5	24 / 77.4	0.122
More than 10 days	5 / 8.5	7 / 22.6	0.122

Religiosity	Control (N=59)	Reiki (N=31)	P*
Religiosity	MD±SD	MD±SD	P*
Organizational	4.3±1.2	4.0±1.8	0.347
Non-Organizational	5.0±0.9	4.8±1.3	0.143
Intrinsic	12.8±2.2	13.2±1.6	0.09

Outcomes	Control (N=59)		Intervention - Reiki (N=31)		p
Outcomes	MD±SD	95%CI	MD±SD	95%CI	p
Anxiety	6.9±5.2	5.6-8.3	6.6±3.2	5.6-7.8	0.782
Depression	4.9±5.1	3.6-6.2	4.5±3.1	3.5-5.6	0.730
Religious well-being	57.4±4.2	56.2-58.4	59.5±1.9	58.3-59.7	0.042
Existential well-being	45.8±10.1	43.1-48.3	52.1±6.9	49.4-54.3	0.003
Spiritual well-being	103.2±11.7	100.7-106.1	111.1±7.9	108.1-113.7	0.001

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Eduardo Tavares Gomes Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 419, Cerqueira César CEP 05403-000 – São Paulo, SP, Brazil eduardotgomes@usp.br