Importance of families in nursing care for people with mental disorders: attitudes of Portuguese and Brazilian nurses

Nóbrega, Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Sousa; Fernandes, Carla Sílvia Neves da Nova; Angelo, Margareth; Chaves, Suellen Cristina da Silva

doi:10.1590/S1980-220X2018045603594

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Original Article • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 54 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2018045603594 copy

Importance of families in nursing care for people with mental disorders: attitudes of Portuguese and Brazilian nurses

Importancia de las familias en el cuidado de enfermería para personas con trastornos mentales: actitudes de enfermeros portugueses y brasileños

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To characterize and compare the attitudes of nurses working in primary healthcare on the importance of involving the families of people with mental disorders in nursing care.

Method:

A cross-sectional study carried out in the cities of Porto (Portugal) and São Paulo (Brazil). Data was collected in 2018 using the “The Importance of Families in Nursing Care - Nurses’ Attitudes” scale.

Results:

There were 250 Portuguese and 250 Brazilian nurses who participated. The total average score on the scale was 86.0 in Portugal and 82.1 in Brazil (with a maximum possible of 104). The variables which influence a more favorable attitude towards the involvement of families in nursing care in the Portuguese context are academic qualifications and age, while in Brazil they are training on Family Nursing and the weekly workload.

Conclusion:

Participants in both countries have a positive attitude towards families, which constitutes a first step towards their integration in nursing care and also enables advances in mental health politics.

Descriptors:
Mental Disorders; Family Nursing; Primary Care Nursing; Psychiatric Nursing; Caregivers

Variables	Portugal (n=250)				Brazil (n=250)
Variables	N	%	Mean	SD	N	%	Mean	SD
Gender
Male	43	17.2			36	14.4
Female	207	82.8			214	85.6
Age (years)			42.0	7.7			36.3	7,7
Civil status
Single	23	9.2			88	35.2
Married	178	71.2			143	57.2
Common-law	23	9.2			-	-
Separated	3	1.2			2	0.8
Divorced	20	8.0			-	-
Widowed	3	1.2			17	6.8
Academic qualifications
Graduation	1	0.4			24	9.6
Bachelor degree	201	80.4			214	85.6
Master's degree	45	18.0			10	4.0
Doctorate degree	3	1.2			2	0.8
Time since graduation
< 1 year	5	2.0			2	0.8
1 to 5 years	50	20.0			76	30.4
5 to 10 years	33	13.2			98	39.2
10 to 20 years	87	34.8			63	25.2
> 20 years	75	30.0			11	4.4
Time in the current service
< 1 year	7	2.8			38	15.2
1 to 5 years	50	20.0			107	42.8
5 to 10 years	65	26.0			66	26.4
10 to 20 years	91	36.4			33	13.2
> 20 years	37	14.8			6	2.4
Weekly workload
20 H	6	2.4			-	-
30 H	-	-			39	15.6
35 H	136	54.4			-	-
36 H	67	26.8			31	12.4
40 H	40	16.0			157	62.8
44 H	1	0.4			23	9.2
Family Nursing Training
No	61	24.4			91	36.4
Yes	189	75.6			159	63.6
Experience with people with mental disorders
No	13	5.2			91	36.4
Yes	237	94.8			159	63.6
Frequency of encountering people with mental disorders
Daily	65	27.2			159	63.6
Weekly	82	34.3			76	30.4
Monthly	67	28.0			15	6.0
Ocasionally	25	10.5			-	-

Dimension	Portugal (n=250)			Brazil (n=250)
Dimension	Mean	SD	Range	Mean	SD	Range
Scale total (26 items)	86.0	9.3	61-104	82.1	8.4	40-101
Family: responsive partner and coping resource (12 items)	40.2	5.1	30-48	38.1	4.6	13-48
Family: resource of nursing care (10 items)	33.5	3.8	21-40	31.9	3.7	14-40
Family: burden (4 items)	12.3	1.9	4-16	12.1	1.5	8-16

Scale and Subscales	Variables	Portugal		Brazil
Scale and Subscales	Variables	Pearson's Correlation	Significance	Pearson's Correlation	Significance
FINC-AN scale	Age	0.152*	0.016	-0.182	0.004
	Academic qualifications	0.271**	0.000	0.043	0.501
	Time since graduation	0.192**	0.002	0.014	0.826
	Weekly workload	-0.163**	0.010	0.215**	0.001
	Family nursing training	-0.009	0.887	0.160*	0.011
	Experience with people with mental disorders	0.017	0.793	0.086	0.174
	Frequency of encountering people with mental disorders	-0.056	0.393	-0.198**	0.002
Family as a dialoguing partner and coping resource	Age	0.146**	0.021	-0.131*	0.038
	Academic qualifications	0.227**	0.000	-0.001	0.981
	Time since graduation	0.169**	0.007	-0.003	0.906
	Weekly workload	-0.138*	0.029	0.153*	0.015
	Family nursing training	-0.010	0.874	0.154*	0.015
	Experience with people with mental disorders	0.034	0.589	0.109	0.086
	Frequency of encountering people with mental disorders	-0.087	0.488	-0.188**	0.003
Family as a resource of nursing care	Age	0.080	0.208	0.176**	0.005
	Academic qualifications	0.232**	0.000	0.0050	0.436
	Time since graduation	0.133*	0.036	0.041	0.518
	Weekly workload	-0.137*	0.030	0.205**	0.001
	Family nursing training	0.014	0.825	-0.133*	0.036
	Experience with people with mental disorders	0.029	0.643	0.071	0.261
	Frequency of encountering people with mental disorders	-0.075	0.245	-0.143*	0.024
Family as a burden	Age	0.248**	0.000	-0.090	0.157
	Academic qualifications	0.116	0.068	0.010	0.870
	Time since graduation	0.268**	0.000	0.050	0.429
	Weekly workload	-0.148*	0.019	0.125*	0.049
	Family nursing training	0.010	0.870	0.075	0.235
	Experience with people with mental disorders	-0.055	0.387	0.082	0.196
	Frequency of encountering people with mental disorders	0.073	0.263	-0.087	0.169

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author:
Maria do Perpétuo S. S. Nóbrega Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Psiquiátrica. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 419 CEP 05403-000 - São Paulo, SP, Brazil. perpetua.nobrega@usp.br