Influence of stress factors and socio-demographic
					characteristics on the sleep quality of nursing students

Benavente, Sonia Betzabeth Ticona; Silva, Rodrigo Marques da; Higashi, Aline Baraldi; Guido, Laura de Azevedo; Costa, Ana Lucia Siqueira

doi:10.1590/S0080-623420140000300018

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Original Article • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 48 (03) • June 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420140000300018 copy

Influence of stress factors and socio-demographic characteristics on the sleep quality of nursing students

Influencia de los factores de estrés y de las características sociodemograficas en la calidad del sueño de estudiantes de enfermería

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:To analyze the influence of stress factors and socio-demographic characteristics on the sleep quality of nursing students. Method: An analytical cross-sectional and quantitative study, conducted with 151 nursing students in São Paulo between March and April of 2012. A form for socio-demographic characteristics, the Instrument to Evaluate Stress in Nursing Students and the Pittsburgh Sleep Index were applied. Results: High levels of stress was predominant for Time Management (27.8%) and Professional Training (30.5%) and low sleep quality (78.8%). The Professional Communication, Professional Training and Theoretical Activity are positively correlated to sleep quality. Work activity, academic year and time for daily studies contributed to a low quality of sleep. Conclusion: Few stress factors from the academic environment and some socio-demographic characteristics contributed to the reduction of sleep quality in students. 

Students, nursing; Stress, psychological ; Sleep deprivation ; Sleep disorders ; Education, nursing

	Stress Level
	Low		Medium		High		Really High
AEEE Domains	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
To perform practical activities	50	33.1	53	35.1	28	18.5	20	13.2
Environment	76	50.3	26	17.2	33	21.9	16	10.6
Professional Communication	74	49.0	36	23.8	38	25.2	3	2.0
Time Management	56	37.1	37	24.5	16	10.6	42	27.8
Professional Training	58	38.4	14	9.3	33	21.9	46	30.5
Theoretical Activity	69	45.7	43	28.5	26	17.2	13	8.6

Variables (n=151)		N	%
Variables (n=151)		N	%
Sleep duration Mean (SD)=6.07 (1.09)	More than 7 hours	14	9.3
	6-7 hours	93	61.6
	5-6 hours	30	19.9
	Less than 5 hours	14	9.3
Sleep Latency	≤15 min.	40	26.5
	16-30 min.	66	43.7
	31-60 min.	36	23.8
	>60 min.	9	6.0
Habitual Sleep Efficiency	>85%	127	84.1
	75-84%	19	12.6
	65-74%	4	2.6
	<65%	1	0.7
Sleep Disorders	None	2	1.3
	Less than 1 time/wk.	114	75.5
	1 to 2 times/wk.	35	23.2
	3 times/or more	0	0.0
Subjective Sleep Quality	Very good	14	9.3
	Good	55	36.4
	Bad	76	50.3
	Very Bad	6	4.0
Daytime Dysfunction	None	11	7.3
	Less than 1 time/wk	73	48.3
	1to 2 times/wk.	45	29.8
	3 times/wk or more	22	14.6
Use of medication to sleep	None	140	92.7
	Less than 1 time/wk	5	3.3
	1to 2 times/wk	6	4.0
	3 times/wk or more	0	0.0
Score of sleep quality Mean (SD)= 7.28 (2.26)	Good (≤5 points)	32	21.19
Score of sleep quality Mean (SD)= 7.28 (2.26)	Bad (>5 points)	119	78.81

	PSQI	PAR	ENV	PC	TM	PT	TA
PSQI	1
PAR	0.13	1
ENV	0.06	0.69^* ***** p<0.0001	0.18^* * p<0.05
PC	0.21^ p<0.01	0.16^* * p<0.05	0.26^* ***** p<0.0001	1
TM	0.09	0.23^* * p<0.05	0.65^* ***** p<0.0001	0.29^* ***** p<0.0001	1
PT	0.21^ p<0.01	0.73^* ***** p<0.0001	0.18^* * p<0.05	0.26^* ***** p<0.0001	0.15	1
TA	0.23^ p<0.01	0.23^ p<0.01	0.18^* * p<0.05	0.43^* ***** p<0.0001	0.2^ p<0.01	0.32^* ***** p<0.0001	1

	β	EP^ SE = Standard Error.	t-Value	p-Value
(Intercept)	2.97	2.66	1.12	0.27
Age (years)	-0.13	0.08	-1.65	0.10
Relationship Status
Married	Reference
Single	0.48	1.15	0.42	0.68
Stable relationship	-3.26	1.77	-1.84	0.07
Academic year
Second	Reference
First	2.75	0.78	3.51	*0.00^ * Statistically significant value (p<0.05)**
Third	0.15	0.63	0.23	0.82
Fourth	-0.02	0.65	-0.04	0.97
Stress domains
Domain 5 – Professional Training	0.27	0.08	3.37	*0.00^ * Statistically significant value (p<0.05)**
Types of transportation
Bus
No	Reference
Yes	1.03	0.56	1.85	0.07
Mobility
Home-Internship location (minutes)	0.00	0.01	0.08	0.93
Work
No	Reference
Yes	1.86	0.67	2.75	*0.01^ * Statistically significant value (p<0.05)**
Research Group
Do not participate	Reference
Participate	0.91	0.49	1.87	0.06
Study time(h/week)	0.67	0.25	2.69	*0.01^ * Statistically significant value (p<0.05)**

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Correspondence: Ana Lucia Siqueira Costa.  Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 . CEP 05403-000 – São Paulo, SP, Brazil