DESARROLLO Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN JUEGO SERIO PARA LA ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE SOBRE LA PREVENCIÓN DE INFECCIONES DEL SITIO QUIRÚRGICO

Nascimento, Kleiton Gonçalves do; Nascimento, Juliana da Silva Garcia; Raponi, Maria Beatriz Guimarães; Pires, Patrícia da Silva; Fonseca, Luciana Mara Monti; Barbosa, Maria Helena

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm. 33 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2023-0198en copiar

DESARROLLO Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN JUEGO SERIO PARA LA ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE SOBRE LA PREVENCIÓN DE INFECCIONES DEL SITIO QUIRÚRGICO

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

desarrollar y validar el serious game para la enseñanza-aprendizaje sobre la prevención de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico.

Método:

estudio metodológico realizado por etapas: desarrollo y validación del contenido del juego, basado en simulación virtual (preparación, participación y debriefing) y desafíos; desarrollo de juegos, siguiendo las etapas de concepto, preproducción, prototipo, producción y postproducción; y validación de usabilidad mediante el instrumento Heuristic Evaluation for Digital Educational Games. Para evaluar el contenido y usabilidad del juego participaron 12 enfermeros y 08 expertos en juegos digitales.

Resultados:

el guión del serious game contenía tres períodos pre, intra y postoperatorios secuenciales, centrándose en intervenciones de enfermería destinadas a prevenir infecciones del sitio quirúrgico. Se obtuvo un Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido superior a 0,80 para el contenido del juego. En cuanto a la evaluación de la jugabilidad mediante las heurísticas evaluadas, todas las afirmaciones presentes en el guión del juego fueron consideradas adecuadas y se implementaron ajustes en cuanto a retroalimentación, acceso al marco teórico sobre prevención de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, inclusión de imágenes en el material de estudio y orientación del jugador en la sesión de debriefing.

Conclusión:

el serious game desarrollado se consideró válido y potencial herramienta pedagógica en el área de enfermería para aprender a prevenir infecciones del sitio quirúrgico.

DESCRIPTORES:
Infección de la herida Quirúrgica; Juegos de vídeo; Estudio de validación; Estudiantes de enfermería; Entrenamiento simulado

Virtual simulation stage	Guide 1: Guidelines and care in the preoperative period	Guide 2: Guidelines and care during the intraoperative period	Guide 3: Guidelines and care in the post-operative period
Pre-simulation/and pre-briefing stage	Element 1: Tutorial about the game. Pre-simulation was made possible by the presence of theoretical frameworks on the topic of SSI prevention, exposed to learners in the game’s materials tab. Pre-briefing took place through explanations about the game and the clinical case in question, during the tutorial narration.
Participation stage	Element 2: Operative moment: pre-operative; Element 3: Environment: a ward room in the orthopedics sector of a general hospital; Element 4: Game characters: narrator, nurse and patient; Element 5: Game plot: interaction between a nurse and a 64-year-old patient who will undergo total hip arthroplasty surgery; Element 6: Game challenges: six problems relating to guidance and care in the preoperative period. Challenges 1 and 2: pre-operative bath; challenges 3 and 4: knitting; challenge 5: antimicrobial prophylaxis; challenge 6: glycemic control.	Element 1: Operative moment: intraoperative; Element 2: Environments: degermation room and operations room; Element 3: Characters: narrator, nurse, patient, two orthopedic surgeons, an anesthesiologist, a circulator nurse and a surgical technologist; Element 4: Plot: nurse’s interaction with a 64-year-old patient and a multidisciplinary team, during total hip arthroplasty surgery. Element 5: Challenges: six problems regarding guidance and care during the intraoperative period. Challenges 7 and 8: surgical degerming of hands; challenge 9: skin antisepsis; challenge 10: prevention of hypothermia; challenge 11: operating fields; challenge 12: surgical dressing.	Element 1: Operative moment: post-operative; Element 2: Environment: post-anesthesia recovery room; Element 3: Characters: narrator, nurse and patient; Element 4: Plot: nurse’s interaction with a 64-year-old patient after total hip arthroplasty surgery; Element 5: Challenges: three problems regarding guidance and care in the postoperative period. Challenge 13: adequate oxygen concentration; challenges 14 and 15: proper dressing.
Debriefing stage			Element 6: seven open-ended questions for reflection.

Heuristics	Total problems
Heuristics	Level 0(%)	Level 1(%)	Level 2(%)	Level 3(%)	Level 4(%)
Interface	41(51.3)	14(17.5)	21(26.2)	4 (5.0)	0
Pedagogy/education	19(39.6)	10(20.8)	14(29.2)	2 (4.2)	3(6.3)
Content	26(54.2)	12(25)	5(10.4)	4(8.3)	1(2.1)
Gameplay	33(41.3)	12(15)	16(20)	2(2.5)	3(3.7)
Multimedia	34(85)	5(12.5)	1(2.5)	0	0

Experts’ suggestions	Adaptations
(A) Improve feedback.	(A) The incorrect answer was highlighted in red and the correct answer in green. The page referring to the question content was indicated to direct players.
(B) Provide content on preventing SSI during the game.	(B) The theoretical framework access tab was inserted in all game scenarios.
(C) Consider different levels of learning.	(C) Suggestion not suitable for the purpose of the game, as it is considered linear; all items are important, considering their respective difficulty levels.
(D) Include figures about the procedures mentioned in the study material.	(D) The figures were included in the material.
(E) Direct players to the debriefing session with a specific tab at the end of the game.	(E) The tab was inserted at the end of the game.
(F) Make the game available for mobile technologies.	(F) Suggestion planned for future adaptation.

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, Tel.: (55 48) 3721-4915 / (55 48) 3721-9043 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
E-mail: textoecontexto@contato.ufsc.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Maria Helena Barbosa mhelena331@hotmail.com