Feeding and larval growth of an exotic freshwater prawn
						<i>Macrobrachium equidens</i> (Decapoda: Palaemonidae),
					from Northeastern Pará, Amazon Region

GOMES, JEAN N.; ABRUNHOSA, FERNANDO A.; COSTA, ANNE K.; MACIEL, CRISTIANA R.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201420130079

JEAN N. GOMES

FERNANDO A. ABRUNHOSA

ANNE K. COSTA

CRISTIANA R. MACIEL

Correspondence to: Cristiana Ramalho Maciel E-mail: macielufpa@gmail.com

Figures (3)
Tables (4)

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Figure 1 -
Larval Stage (LSI) indexes subjected to the treatments: Artemia (AN) nauplii, Artemia complemented with microalgae (AL+AN), Artemia complemented with microalgae and rotifers (AL+RO+AN), Artemia complemented with rotifers (RO+AN). The complete larval development happened only in treatments where Artemia was offered as a food item, and the LSI did not differ significantly during the experiment. Under the other experiments: starvation (I), and microalgae (AL), all M. equidens larvae had died by the 11^th day. The experiments in which rotifers were offered as food (RO) and rotifers + algae (AL + RO) ended around day 13^th, after all larvae were dead. n = 50 larvae per treatment.

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Figure 2 -
The consumption of Artemia nauplii, mean daytime and night-time ingestion by Macrobrachium equidens larvae during the study period in the following densities: a) 4 AN / mL, b) 8 AN/ mL and c)16 AN / mL.

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Figure 3 -
Larval Stage (LSI) indexes subjected to the treatments with food densities (Artemia nauplii - AN): 4 AN / mL, 8 AN / mL and 16 AN / mL. There were no statistical differences LSI within 14 days, thereafter, the 4 AN/ml treatment was statistically different (P = 0.0049) from the other treatments (8 and 16 AN / mL).

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TABLE I
Parameters adopted for larval rearing.

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TABLE II
Metamorphosis of post-larvae, survival, and weight of post-larvae subjected to the treatments: Artemia (AN) nauplii, Artemia complemented with microalgae (AL+AN), Artemia complemented with microalgae and rotifers (AL+RO+AN), Artemia complemented with rotifers (RO+AN). n=100 larvae per treatment (P < 0.05). Under the other experiments: starvation (I), and microalgae (AL), rotifers (RO) and rotifers + algae (AL + RO) all M. equidens larvae had died.

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TABLE III
The consumption of Artemia nauplii was analyzed using a split-plot ANOVA, with the feeding protocol as the principal factor and larval age and feeding time as sub-categories. We considered the differences statistically significant when P < 0.05.

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TABLE IV
Survival, postlarvae, productivity and weight of subjected to the treatments, food densities: 4 AN /mL, 8 AN / mL and 16 AN / mL. Different letters on the same line indicate significantly different means (Tukey test, P< 0.05).

Parameters	Values
Temperature	29.0 ± 1.0°C
Salinity	16.0 ± 0.5
pH	8.0 ± 0.3
Ammonia (NH₄ ⁺), (NH₃)	< 0.1 mg/L
Nitrite (NO₂)	< 0.1 mg/L
Photoperiod	12:12h (light:dark cycle)

	TREATAMENTS
	AN	AL+AN	AL+RO+AN	RO+AN
Postlarvae (%)	59 ± 1.72^bc	82 ± 1.03^a	60 ± 1.05^b	44 ± 1.34^c
Survival (%)	80 ± 1.33^a	93 ± 0.82^a	84 ± 1.42^a	69 ± 2.46^b
Fresh weight (mg)	10.5 ± 0.2^ab	13.1± 0.11^a	12,2 ± 0.14^a	9.2 ± 0.18^b
Dry weight (mg)	0.95 ± 0.31^a	1.09 ± 0.19^a	0.95 ± 0.13^a	0.63 ± 0.23^b

Factors and interactions	F	P
Treatment	1703.52	0.0001**
Replicate (Treatment)	3.01	0.0005**
Day	102.23	0.0001**
Day x Treatment	10.11	0.0001**
Replicate (Day x TR)	0.67	0.9997
Hour	17853.2	0.0001**
Hour x Treatment	1050.49	0.0001**
Day x hour	109.30	0.0001**
Day x Hour x Treatment	11.42	0.0001**

	4 AN	8 AN	16 AN
Survival (%)	56.8 ± 5.09^b	78.4 ± 6.51^a	73.8 ± 3.69^a
Postlarvae (%)	62.4 ± 3.57^b	83.6 ± 2.96^a	74.8 ± 2.28^a
Productivity (PL/L)	20.1 ± 2.86^b	35.3 ± 5.17^a	31.4 ± 3.03^a
Fresh weight (mg)	6.58 ± 1.10^b	9.97 ± 1.20^a	10.38 ± 0.64^a
Dry weight (mg)	0.39 ± 0.13^b	0.93 ± 0.16^a	0.98 ± 0.71^a

[1] Correspondence to: Cristiana Ramalho Maciel E-mail: macielufpa@gmail.com

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Feeding and larval growth of an exotic freshwater prawn Macrobrachium equidens (Decapoda: Palaemonidae), from Northeastern Pará, Amazon Region