IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF L CELLS IN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT MUCOSA OF PATIENTS AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR CONTROL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

DETECÇÃO IMUNOHISTOQUÍMICA DE CÉLULAS L NA MUCOSA DO TRATO GASTROINTESTINAL DE PACIENTES APÓS TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO PARA CONTROLE DE DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease of global impact that has led to an increase in comorbidities and mortality in several countries. Immunoexpression of the incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (3-36) (PYY_3-36) can be used as a scorer in the gastrointestinal tract to analyze L-cell activity in response to T2DM treatment.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to investigate the presence, location, and secretion of L cells in the small intestine of patients undergoing the form of bariatric surgery denominated adaptive gastroenteromentectomy with partial bipartition.

METHODS:

Immunohistochemical assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and Western blot analysis were performed on samples of intestinal mucosa from patients with T2DM in both the preoperative and postoperative periods.

RESULTS:

All results were consistent and indicated basal expression and secretion of GLP-1 and PYY_3-36 incretins by L cells. A greater density of cells was demonstrated in the most distal portions of the small intestine. No significant difference was found between GLP-1 and PYY_3-36 expression levels in the preoperative and postoperative periods because of prolonged fasting during which the samples were collected.

CONCLUSION:

The greater number of L cells in activity implies better peptide signaling, response, and functioning of the neuroendocrine system.

HEADINGS:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Bariatric Surgery; Obesity; Incretins; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1