The purpose of the treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (CAH-21OH) is to replace gluco and mineralocorticoids, prevent virilization of the external genitalia, salt loss and hyperandrogenism and preserve gonadal function, fertility and final height. Our experience in the treatment of 96 patients with CAH-21OH is presented. Children have been treated with cortisone acetate (18-20 mg/m2/day) and adults with dexamethasone (0.25-0.75 mg/day). If necessary, mineralocorticoid replacement was accomplished with 9alpha-fludrocortisone, 50-250 µg/day, according to chronological age. Despite therapy with gluco and mineralocorticoids the end results for CAH-21OH is still inadequate, especially when growth is concerned; in most reports final height reaches between 1 to 2 SD bellow target height. New therapeutic approaches for CAH-21OH, such as the association of flutamide and testolactone to hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone, and even surgical or chemical adrenalectomy, are still experimental and long-term follow-up is necessary to evaluate their validity.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia; 21-Hydroxylase; Treatment
