Calcitonin is a hormone secreted by the parafollicular thyroid cells. Diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) should be considered when high basal calcitonin levels or high calcitonin levels after specific provocative test are found. In this context, calcitonin is considered a relevant tumor marker for diagnosis and follow-up of MTC. In this manuscript, we review some issues related to the usefulness of measuring basal calcitonin in patients with thyroid nodules. The current available provocative tests for calcitonin are discussed. Finally, we comment on some aspects related to the assays for calcitonin measurement.
Calcitonin; Medullary thyroid carcinoma; Provocative tests