Patel, Hina; Congdon, Nathan; Strauss, Glenn; Lansingh, Charles

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.20170082

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Review Articles • Arq. Bras. Oftalmol. 80 (5) • Sep-Oct 2017 • https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20170082 copiar

Medida da acuidade visual e necessidade de padronização

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Nos tempos atuais, quando a pesquisa e a tecnologia estão avançando rapidamente, as melhorias na medicina, a padronização de terminologias e métodos está se tornando cada vez mais importante em todos os campos, incluindo a oftalmologia. Os profissionais de cuidados da visão em todo o mundo usam várias notações para a medição da visão. Nesta revisão, os autores destacam os desafios enfrentados por essa abordagem. A comunidade global precisa adotar um padrão uniforme.

Descritores:
Acuidade visual; Triagem visual; Teste de visão; logMAR; ETDRS

	Other	20ft	10ft	5ft	2ft	6 m	5 m	4 m	3 m	1 m	Decimal	5 score	Decimal as x /10 fraction	logMAR ETDRS	Letter count	Read 1M at cm	Visual acuity score (VAS)	Visual acuity rating (VAR)	Visual angle/ Mar notation/minarc	VE% notation	spatial frequency cyc/ degree grating cpd	Line number	% central visual efficieny for distance vision	% central visual efficieny for near vision	0.40 mts	Reduced Snellen at 40 cm	Jaeger approximate 40 cm	Revised Jaeger standard	American point type	M notation/M-unit	N points *	x-height mm	40 cm UK	100 cm UK	Snellen at inches 14	Centimeters 35
Near total blind	NPL/NLP	NPL/LP
	PL/LP	PL/LP
	CF1/HM	CF1/HM
		20/6060									0.0033			2.48
		20/5020									0.0040			2.40
	CF2/HM	20/4000									0.0050			2.30
		20/3170									0.0063			2.20
	CF3/HM (20/2666)	20/2500									0.0080			2.10
	CF4	20/2000	10/1000			6/630 6/600	5/500	4/400	3/320	1/100	0.0100	3.0		2.00	0		0	0	100		0.30	20	0		0.40/40	20/2000				40.0	320	58.2			14/1400	35/3500
												3.1		1.98			01
														1.96			02
														1.94			03
														1.92			04
	CF5	20/1600	10/800			6/500 6/480	5/400	4/320	3/250	1/80	0.0125 0.0130			1.90	05		05	05	080		0.35 0.38				0.40/32	20/1600				32.0	250	46.5			14/1100
		20/1400									0.0140
	CF6 (20/1333)											3.2		1.88			06
														1.86			07
														1.84			08
														1.82			09
	CF7 (20/1143)	20/1250	10/630			6/400 6/380	5/320	4/250	3/200	1/63	0.0160			1.80	10		10	10	063						0.40/25	20/1250				25.0	200	36.4			14/880
		20/1200				6/360													060	0.48%	0.5 0.65
														1.78			11
														1.76			12
														1.74			13
														1.72			14
	CF8	20/1000	10/500			6/320 6/300	5/250	4/200	3/160	1/50	0.0200	3.3		1.70	15	2	15	15	050						0.40/20	20/1000				20.0	160	29.1			14/700
														1.68			16
														1.66			17
														1.64			18
														1.62			19
Profound visual impairment	CF10	20/800	10/400			6/250 6/240 6/192	5/200	4/160	3/125	1/40	0.0250 0.0300	3.4		1.60	20	2.5	20	20	040		0.75 0.95	16	5		0.40/16	20/800				16.0	125	23.3			14/560	35/1400
		20/640										3.5		1.50
														1.58			21
														1.56			22
														1.54			23
														1.52			24
		20/630	10/320			6/200 6/190 6/180	5/160	4/125	3/100 3/95	1/32	0.0320		2/60	1.50	25	3.2	25	25	032	0.40%					0.40/12.5	20/630				12.5	100	18.2			14/440
		20/600												1.50					030		1.00
														1.48			26
														1.46			27
														1.44			28
														1.42			29
		20/500	10/250			6/160 6/152 6/150	5/125	4/100	3/80 3/75	1/25	0.0400	3.6		1.40	30	4	30	30	025	1.40%	1.20				0.40/10	20/500				10.0	080	14.5			14/350
														1.38			31
														1.36			32
														1.34			33
														1.32			34

		20/400	10/200	20/1600	20/4000	6/126 6/120	5/100	4/80	3/63	1/20	0.050	3.7	3/60	1.30	35	05.0	35	35	20.00	03.3%	1.50	13	10		0.40/8	20/400				8.0	63	11.60	~N48		14/280	35/700
												3.8
														1.28			36
														1.26			37
														1.24			38
														1.22			39
		20/320	10/160			6/100 6/96 6/95 6/90	5/80	4/63	3/50 3/47	1/16	0.060 0.063			1.20	40	06.3	40	40	16.00	06.8%	1.88 1.90	12	15		0.40/6.3	20/320				6.4 6.3	50	09.16			14/ 224 14/220	35/560
Severe visual impairment		20/300									0.070			1.18			41		15.00		2.00		16							6.0			~N36		14/210	35/525
														1.16			42
														1.14			43
														1.12			44
		20/250	10/125			6/80 6/76 6/75	5/63	4/50	3/40 3/37	1/12.5	0.080	3.9		1.10	45	08.0	45	45	12.50	12.8%	2.40	11	17	0	0.40/5	20/250				5.0	40	07.27			14/175	35/437.5
														1.08			46
														1.06			47
														1.04			48
														1.02			49
		20/200	10/100	20/800	20/2000	6/63 6/60	5/50	4/40	3/32 3/30	1/10	0.100	4.0	1/10	1.00	50	10.0	50	50	10.00	20.0%	3.00	10	20	02	0.40/4	20/200	J15-J18	14	23	4.0	32	05.82	N24	N48	14/140	35/350
														0.98			51
														0.96			52
														0.94			53
														0.92			54
		20/160	10/80			6/50 6/48 6/45	5/40	4/32	3/25 3/24	1/8	0.125 0.130	4.1		0.90	55	12.5	55	55	08.00	28.6%	3.75 3.80	09	30	05	0.40/3.2	20/160	J10-J15	13	21	3.2	25	04.65			14/112 14/110	35/280
		20/150									0.130								07.50		4.00		32	06		20/150				3.0			~N18		14/105	35/262.5
														0.88			56
														0.86			57
														0.84			58
														0.82			59
Moderate visual impairment		20/125	10/63			6/40 6/38 6/37.5 6/34.2	5/ 32 5/30	4/25	3/20 3/19	1/6.3	0.160	4.2		0.80	60	16.0	60	60		38.8%	4.80	08	40	10	0.40/2.5	20/125	J9-J12	12	14	2.5	20	03.64		~N36	14/88 14/87.5	35/218.8
		20/120 20/114									0.180			0.76					05.10		5.26		44	12				11	13	2.3					14/79.8	35/199.5
														0.78			61
														0.76			62
														0.74			63
														0.72			64
		20/100	10/50	20/400	20/1000	6/32 6/30	5/25	4/20	3/16 3/15	1/5	0.200	4.3	2/10	0.70	65	20.0	65	65	05.01	48.9%	6.00	07	50	15	0.40/2.0	20/100	J8-J12	10	12	2.0	16	2.91	N14		14/70	35/175
														0.68			66
														0.66			67
														0.64			68
														0.62			69
		20/80	10/40	20/320	20/800	6/25 6/24	5/20	4/16	3/12.5 3/12	1/4	0.250	4.4		0.60	70	25.0	70	70	04.00	58.5%	7.50	06	60	20	0.40/1.60	20/80	J5-J9	09	11	1.6	12.5	2.33	N12	N24	14/56	35/140
		20/70		20/280	20/700	6/21					0.290								03.50		8.57		63	32						1.4					14/49	35/122.5
						6/20							3/10
														0.58			71
														0.56			72
														0.54			73

														0.52			74

Near normal vision		20/63	10/32			6/20 6/19 6/18.9 6/18	5/16	4/13 4/12.5	3/10 3/9	1/3.2	0.32	4.5	3/10	0.50	75	032	075	075	3.2/3.15	067.5%	9.5/9.52	5	065	040	0.40/1.25	20/63	J4-J7	8	10	1.30 1.25	10.0	1.82			14/44.1 14/44	35/110.3
		20/63		20/240	20/600	6/18	5/15				0.32 0.33		3/10	0.48			076		3.00		10		067	042				7	9	1.20			N10	N18	14/42	35/105
														0.46			077
														0.44			078
														0.42			079
		20/60 20/50	10/25	20/200	20/500	6/16 6/15	5/12.5	4/10	3/8 3/7	1/2.5	0.40	4.6	4/10	0.40	80	040	080	080	2.50	076.5%	12	4	075	050	0.40/1.0	20/50	J3-J6	6	8	10.9	08.0	1.45	~N8		14/35	35/87.5
														0.38			081
														0.36			082
														0.34			083
														0.32			084
		20/40	10/20	20/160	20/400	6/12.5 6/12	5/10	4/8	3/6.3 3/6	1/2	0.50	4.7	5/10	0.30	85	050	085	085	2.00	083.6%	15	3	085	090	0.40/0.8	20/40	J1-J5	5	7	0.8	06.3	1.16	N6	N14	14/28	35/70
														0.28			086
														0.26			087
														0.24			088
														0.22			089
		20/32	10/16			6/10 6/9.6 6/9.5	5/8	4/6.3	3/5	1/1.6	0.63	4.8	6/10	0.20	0.29	063	090	090	1.60	089.8%	18.75 19	2	090	094	0.40/0.63	20/32	J1-J3	4	6	0.64 0.63	05.0	0.92			14/22.4 14/22	35/56
		20/30	10/15			6/9	5/7.5 5/6.6				0.67 0.70		7/10	0.18							20		091	095				3	5	0.60			N5	N12	14/21	35/52.5
						6/8.5							7/10
														0.18			091
														0.16			092
														0.14			093
														0.12			094
		20/25	10/12.5			6/7.5 6/6.6 8	5/6.3	4/5	3/4	1/1.25	0.80	4.9	8/10	0.10	95	080	095	095	1.25	095.6%	24	1	095	100	0.40/0.5	20/25	J1-J2	2	4	0.50	04.0	0.73		N10	14/17.5	35/43.8
													9/10
														0.08			096
														0.06			097
														0.04			098
														0.02			099
Normal vision		20/20	10/10			6/6.3 6/6	5/5	4/4	3/3.2 3/3	1/1	1.00	5.0	10/10	0	100	100	100	100	1.00	100.0%	30	0	100	100	0.40/0.4	20/20	J1	1	3	0.40	03.2	0.58	N4.5	N8	14/14	35/35
														-0.02			101	101
														-0.04			102	102
														-0.06			103	103
														-0.08			104	104
		20/17 20/16 20/15	10/8			6 /5 6/4.8 6/4.5	5/4	4/3.2 4/3	3/2.5 3/2.4	1/.8	1.20 1.25 1.33	5.1	12/10	-0.10	105	125	105	105	0.80	103.6%	37.5 38	-1	100	100	0.40/0.32	20/16				0.32	02.5	0.47			14/11.2 14/11	35/28
														-0.12			106
														-0.14			107
														-0.16			108
														-0.18			109
		20/13 20/12.5 20/12	10/6.3			6/4 6/3.8 6/3.75	5/3.5 5/3.2	4/2.5	3/2 3/1.9	1/.63	1.50 1.60 1.63	5.2	15/10	-0.20	110	160	110	110	0.63	106.8%	48	-2	100	100	0.40/0.25	20/12.5				0.25	02.0	0.36			14/8.8	35/21.9
														-0.22			111
														-0.24			112
														-0.26			113
														-0.28			114
		20/10				6/3	5/3 5/2.5	4/2	3/1.5	1/0.5	2.00	5.3	20/10	-0.30			115	115	0.50	109.4%	60	-3	100	100	0.40/0.20	20/10				0.20	01.6	0.29			14/7	35/17.5
		20/8				6/2.4	5/2.0	4/1.6	3/1.2		2.50
References (key only)	21, 24	1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 21, 24	9, 10	3	3	1, 2, 7, 9, 10, 11,13, 14, 16, 23	2, 3, 9, 10, 11	7, 9, 10	10	9, 10, 11	1, 2, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 21	personal communication	1, 11, 23	13	11	11	10, 13	7	7, 14	7	7, 14	14	14	14	7	7	7	14	14	7, 14	7	7	2	2	7, 14	14
References (key only)	20, 22	1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12, 20, 21, , 22, 23	7, 11	21	21	1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12, 23, 24	4, 7, 10, 11, 21	2, 7, 11,	7	7, 10, 11	1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12, 20, 23	personal communication	3, 10, 24	23	10	10	7, 23	2	1, 2	2	1, 2	1	1	1	2	2	2	1	1	1 , 2	2	2	4	4	1 , 2	1

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[1] Corresponding author: Hina Patel. 20W 36^th Street, Floor 4 - New York - NY - 10018-8005 - USA - Email: hinaben@helpmesee.org