| Yardley et al.(22)
|
age:
Adults 18 years of age or older.
Diagnosis:
Vestibular dizziness.
Inclusion:
Complaint of dizziness, confirmed vestibular alteration by the physician.
N= 143 (115 female and 28 male).
Group:
EG= 67 and CG= 76. |
- DHI (Dizziness Handicap Inventory).
-Vertigo Symptom Scale (self-perception of vertigo).
- HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale).
-Short- Form 36 (physical functioning).
- Romberg (timed swing).
- Unterberger test. |
Prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
Follow up: 6 months |
EG: VR protocol with Yardley exercises, relaxation and breathing exercises. Booklet with guidelines for performing exercises at home. .Session: In group, twice a week, lasting 30 to 40 minutes.
CG: You did not receive any type of intervention for 6 weeks. After 6 months of follow-up, he received VR (same GE model). |
- The EG improved in all measures, while the control group did not show improvement, resulting in a significant difference between the two groups in the physical indexes of balance and subjective indexes of anxiety symptoms.
- The odds of improvement in treated patients for untreated patients were 3.1: 1 after six weeks (95% CI = 1.4-6.8) and 3.8: 1 after six months (95% Cl = 1.6-8.7). |
05 |
| Hansson et al.(18)
|
Age: 50-87 years.
Diagnosis: Dizziness of vestibular origin related to aging.
Inclusion: Subjects 50 years of age or older, with dizziness caused by aging.
n = 42 (30 females and 12 males)
Groups
EG= 23 e CG= 19. |
- Static balance with open eyes (, Romberg in tandem position and unipodal support).
- Dynamic balance: March at eight and stop walking when talking-tandem gear.
- EVA / dizziness |
Randomized randomized clinical trial.
Follow up: 3 months. |
EG: VR protocol with body balance exercises, eye movement and cephalic movement on unstable surfaces.
CG: You did not receive any type of intervention.
Session: In a group, twice a week, lasting 45 minutes (total = 6 weeks) |
- Right unipodal support with closed eyes showed a significant improvement of EG in relation to CG after 6 weeks of intervention.
- After 3 months, significant improvement in the unipodal tests in the EG, in relation to the CG.
- In the other tests there was no difference between the groups.
-
- EG improved in 80% of tests and deteriorated by 5%, while CG improved by 30% and deteriorated by 55%. |
04 |
| Yardley et al.(21)
|
Age:
Adults 18 years of age or older.
Diagnosis:
Vestibular dizziness.
Inclusion:
Patients with chronic dizziness (= or> 2 years), with vestibular origin.
N = 170 patients (121 females and 59 males)
Groups:
EG= 83 and CG= 87 |
- DHI (Dizziness Handicap Inventory).
-Vertigo Symptom Scale (self-perception of vertigo).
- HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale).
-Short- Form 36 (Physical functioning). |
Prospective, randomized and controlled trial, uni-blinded.
Follow up: 6 months
. |
EG: VR protocol with Yardley exercises.
Session: Individual consultation lasting 30-40 minutes and booklet with guidelines for performing exercises at home, once a day.
CG: routine care in PHC |
After 3 months, there was improvement in all measures of the primary endpoint and the EG measurements were significantly higher than those of the EG.
Improvement of anxiety and depression.
In EG, 67% presented improvement of symptoms and complaints, whereas in CG, the improvement was 38%.
At the 6-month follow-up, the groups did not differ (p, 0.05). |
8 |
| Hansson et al.(20)
|
Age: Adults 65 years and over.
Diagnosis: Dizziness of vestibular origin related to aging.
Groups n = 58 (39 females and 19 males).
EG: 31
CG: 27 |
- Static balance with open eyes (Romberg, Romberg in tandem position and unipodal support).
- Dynamic balance: March at eight and stop walking when talking-tandem gear
- DHI (Dizziness Handicap Inventory). |
Interventional test, with control group, without randomization.
Follow up: 6,9 and 12 months. |
EG: VR protocol with body balance exercises, eye movement and cephalic movement on unstable surfaces.
CG: You did not receive any type of intervention.
Session: In a group, twice a week, lasting 50 minutes, in a circuit format. |
- VR did not reduce the risk of falls.
-There was no difference in IHD between groups.
- EG improved on five of the balance measures and deteriorated by one, while the CG worsened by four of the balance measures.
- Statistical significant differences were found between the groups after 3 months, in static and dynamic equilibrium (P = 0.038 and 0.044). |
04 |
| Yardley et al.(19)
|
Age: Adults 18 years and older.
Diagnosis: Dizziness of vestibular origin
Inclusion: Patients with a history of congestive dizziness (duration> 5 years), of vestibular origin
n = 337
Groups
EG1= 112; EG2= 113 and CG=112 |
- QUALY (Total costs in health related to dizziness per life/year).
-Vertigo Symptom Scale (Self-perception of vertigo).
- DHI (Dizziness Handicap Inventory).
- HADS: (Hospital anxiety and depression scale), |
Test
controlled, randomized, parallel and pragmatic study with blind group.
Follow up: 3 and 12 months |
EG1: Vr with booklet.
- VR: Ocular and cephalic exercises during static and dynamic functional activities.
- Booklet with detailed VR exercises and guidelines on behavioral cognitive techniques (motivation).
EG2: VR with booklet and telephone support.
- VR and booklet (identical to EG1)
- Session: In group, at 1 week, lasting 30 minutes and following up by telephone at 2 and 3 weeks, lasting 15 minutes (total = 12 weeks).
CG: Routine care in PHC
. |
- After 12 weeks, scores on the Vertigo Symptom Scale did not differ significantly between EG1, EG2 and CG.
- In 1 year, the groups EG1 and EG2, improved significantly, compared to CG.
- Analysis of the cost-effectiveness curves showed that both interventions (EG1 and EG2) were highly profitable. |
07 |
Scientific evidence of vestibular rehabilitation in primary health care: a systematic review
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Subtitle: VR - vestibular rehabilitation; PHC - primary health care