Spectral analysis and antibacterial effect of cold methanolic extract of Artemisia absinthium L.

Análise espectral e efeito antibacteriano do extrato metanólico frio de Artemisia absinthium L.

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the bioactive components and antibacterial activities of cold methanolic extract leaves (CMMEL) of Artemisia absinthium L. CMMEL was tested for phytochemicals, GC-MS analyses was performed to identify the bioactive components, and anti-bacterial properties. The phytochemical analysis of CMMEL revealed the presence of carbohydrates, steroids, saponins, and amino acids. GC-MS analysis of CMMEL of A. absinthium L. revealed several unique bioactive compounds, including margaspidin, stigmasterol, octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic, corymbolone, and bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2. The antibacterial spectrum of CMMEL can be sequenced as Streptococcus pyogenes (8.83 ± 1.8 mm) > Escherichia coli (7.6 ± 0.6 mm) > Bacillus subtilis (6.6 ± 1.6 mm) > Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.5 ± 0.3 mm) > Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.1 ± 1.1 mm) > Staphylococcus aureus (5.23 ± 0.8 mm). Although the CMMEL of A. absinthium L. showed the presence of many bioactive compounds but did not substantially inhibit the growth of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, according to the findings.

Keywords:
herbal extracts; Artemisia absinthium; maceration extractions; phytoconstituents; antibacterial activity