Bioactivity evaluation of least explored traditionally acclaimed medicinally potent herb <i>Nanorrhinum ramosissimum</i>(Wall.) Betsche

Sharma, Jyotsna; Sharma, Savita; Koul, Anuja; Shankarayan, Raju; Mallubhotla, Sharada

doi:10.1590/s2175-97902023e19334

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Article • Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. 59 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902023e19334 copy

Bioactivity evaluation of least explored traditionally acclaimed medicinally potent herb Nanorrhinum ramosissimum(Wall.) Betsche

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Present study analysed the therapeutic potential of traditionally acclaimed medicinal herb Nanorrhinum ramosissimum, using plant parts extracted with different solvents (10 mg/mL). Shoot extracts exhibited comparatively better antimicrobial properties, in comparison to root extracts. Total phenolic content was estimated, to ascertain its dependency on antioxidant properties of plant extracts. Antioxidant assay revealed promising results in comparison to IC₅₀ value of standard ascorbic acid (52.2±0.07 µg/mL), for methanolic extracts of shoot (61.07±0.53 µg/mL and 64.33±0.33 µg/mL) and root (76.705±0.12 µg/mL and 89.73±0.28 µg/ mL) for in vivo and in vitro regenerants respectively. Correlation coefficient R² values ranged between 0.90-0.95, indicating a positive correlation between phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. Plant extracts were also able to inhibit DNA oxidative damage again indicating their antioxidative potential. Antidiabetic potential was confirmed by alpha amylase inhibition assay where shoot methanolic extracts (invivo, in vitro) exhibited the best IC₅₀ values (54.42±0.16 µg/mL, 66.09±0.12 µg/mL) in comparison to standard metformin (41.92±0.08 µg/mL). Ethanolic extracts of roots (in vitro, invivo) exhibited the relative IC₅₀ values (88.97±0.32µg/mL,96.63±0.44 µg/mL) indicating that shoot parts had a better alpha amylase inhibition property; thus proving the herb’s bioactive potential and its prospective therapeutic source for curing various ailments.

Keywords:
Branched cancerwort; Antimicrobial activity; Antioxidant activity; Alpha amylase inhibition; DPPH assay

Plant part	Extraction solvent	Zone of inhibition (mm)
Plant part	Extraction solvent	*B. subtilis*	*M. smegmatis*	*E. coli*	*P. vulgaris*
Shoot extract	Methanol	2.33±0.33b	N	4.80±0.12a	3.93±0.06a
	Ethanol	2.63±0.36a	2.83±0.08a	2.83±0.08c	2.90±0.10b
	Ethyl acetate	1.80±0.11c	N	1.83±0.08d	2.90±0.08b
	Petroleum ether	N	N	N	2.03±0.08c
	Aqueous	N	1.86±0.08b	4.40±0.14b	2.90±0.05b
Root extract	Methanol	1.80±0.11c	N	1.76±0.14b	1.30±0.05a
	Ethanol	0.86±0.08d	2.83±0.08a	0.86±0.08c	1.48±0.08b
	Ethyl acetate	2.73±0.08a	N	N	1.26±0.03c
	Petroleum ether	1.90±0.05b	0.90±0.057c	N	N
	Aqueous	2.70±0.14a	1.46±0.98b	1.93±0.12a	N

Extraction Solvent	Total phenolic content±SE ( mg GAE/gm extract)
	Shoot		Root
	*In vitro*	*In vivo*	*In vitro*	*In vivo*
Methanol	41.34±0.32	57.14±0.72	36.44±0.12	21.34±0.12
Ethanol	36.67±0.22	43.67±0.62	26.64±0.56	18.47±0.19
Petroleum ether	31.89±0.12	38.89±0.65	32.69±0.11	12.49±0.32
Aqueous	31.89±0.16	39.89±0.52	21.89±0.11	10.59±0.13
Ethyl acetate	14.51±0.08	29.41±0.05	16.31±0.14	16.21±0.43

Extraction Solvent	Concentration	In vivo sample		In vitro sample		Standard
Extraction Solvent	(μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/L)
Methanol	10	91.03±0.03	61.07±0.53	91.03±0.03	64.33 ±0.33	96.37±0.65	52.2±0.07
	20	92.96±0.61		91.5±0.00		96.90±0.16
	40	92.93±0.03		93±0.00		97.21±0.22
	60	94±0		93.066±0.06		97.40±0.53
	80	95.03±0.03		94±0		97.73±0.53
	100	96±0		94.5±0		98±0.21
	150	96.46±0.03		94.96±0.03		98.1±0.17
	200	96.5±0		95±0		98.2±0.13
Ethanol	10	91.033±0.03	66.24±0.94	88.506±0.006	74 ±0.94
	20	91.5±0.00		88.51±0.01
	40	93±0		89.5±0.00
	60	93±0		90±0
	80	94.033±0.03		90.13±0.0
	100	94.5±0.00		90.5±0.00
	150	95±0.00		91±0.00
	200	95.066±0.06		91.03±0.04
Ethyl acetate	10	89±0.00	69.25±0.09	85.5±0.00	80.44 ±0.18
	20	89±0.00		86±0.00
	40	90±0.00		86.803±0.003
	60	90.3±0.003		88±0
	80	90.3±0.00		88.033±0.003
	100	90.50±0.003		89.50±0.006
	150	91±0.00		90.133±0.03
	200	91±0.00		90.5±0.003
Petroleum ether	10	87.06±0.066	89.02±0.55	90.03±0.03	92.658 ±0.35
	20	87.53±0.033		90±0.00
	40	87.56±0.066		90.303±0.003
	60	88.06±0.066		90.71±0.005
	80	88±0.00		92±0
	100	89.5±0.00		92.223±0.01
	150	90±0.00		92.5±0
	200	90.13±0.057		93.03±0.03
Aqueous	10	85.5±0	76.09±0.49	87.033±0.03	90.48 ±0.56
	20	86.04±0.04		87.5±0.00
	40	86.8±0.00		87.5±0.00
	60	88±0		88±0.00
	80	88.03±0.30		88.033±0.033
	100	89.503±0.03		89.506±0.006
	150	90.03±0.033		90±0.00
	200	90.166±0.03		90.20±0.003

Extraction Solvent	Concentration	In vivo sample		In vitro sample		Standard
Extraction Solvent	(μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/L)
Methanol	10	85.503±0.03	76.705±0.12	87±0.00	89.73 ±0.28	96.37±0.65	52.2±0.07
	20	86.033±0.03		87.5±0.00		96.90±0.16
	40	86.8±0.00		87.50±0.00		97.21±0.22
	60	88±0.00		88±0.00		97.40±0.53
	80	88±0.00		88.03±0.03		97.73±0.53
	100	89.50±0.003		89.5±0.00		98.0±0.21
	150	90±0.00		90.00±0.00		98.1±0.17
	200	90.20±0.006		90.2±0.00		98.2±0.13
Ethanol	10	85.5±0.00	80.90±0.18	86±0.00	104.368 ±0.21
	20	86±0.00		87.04±0.04
	40	86.803±0.03		87±0
	60	88.04±0.04		87.5±0.003
	80	88±0.00		87.5±0
	100	89.50±0.006		88.066±0.03
	150	90±0.00		88±0.00
	200	90.5±0.00		90±0.00
Ethyl acetate	10	86±0.00	104.13±0.56	84.5±0.00	110.50 ±0.36
	20	87.04±0.04		84.50±0.00
	40	87±0.00		85±0.00
	60	87.50±0.003		85.6±0.00
	80	87.5±0.00		86.04±0.04
	100	88.033±0.03		86±0.00
	150	88.06±0.06		86.5±0.00
	200	90±0.00		88.03±0.00
Petroleum ether	10	84.5±0.00	110.55±0.30	84.5±0.00	118.73 ±0.48
	20	84.5±0.00		84.50±0.003
	40	85±0.00		84.5±0.00
	60	85.6±0.00		85±0.00
	80	86.04±0.04		85±0
	100	86±0.00		85.6±0.017
	150	86.5±0.00		86.03±0.03
	200	88±0		87±0.4
Aqueous	10	84.5±0.00	119.121±0.16	84±0.00	126.50 ±0.26
	20	84.50±0.00		84±0.00
	40	84.5±0.00		84.04±0.04
	60	85±0.00		84.506±0.006
	80	85±0.00		84.5±0.00
	100	85.606±0.003		84.50±0.002
	150	86±0.00		85±0
	200	87±0.00		86±0

Extraction Solvent	Concentration	In vivo sample		In vitro sample		Standard
Extraction Solvent	(μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/L)
Methanol	10	44±0.00	54.42±0.16	42±0	66.09 ±0.12	48±0	41.92 ±0.12
	20	50.8±0.00		46.03±0.04		56.04±0.04
	40	51±0.00		51±0		66±0
	60	52.04±0.04		52.03±0.03		67.13±0.066
	80	52.80±0.003		52.8±0.23		68±0
	100	54±0.00		55.04±0.12		71.5±0.30
	150	57.03±0.03		56.04±0.32		72.4±0
	200	57.62±0.02		59±0.03		73.59±0.0
Ethanol	10	44±0.00	70.58±0.09	33.5±0.00	83.75 ±0.23
	20	46.03±0.03		33.9±0.00
	40	49±0.00		36.03±0.03
	60	49.9±0.24		37±0.00
	80	50±0.00		40.04±0.04
	100	50.5±0.01		42±0.00
	150	53.03±0.00		43±0
	200	54±0.00		44±0
Ethyl acetate	10	16.8±0.00	108.388±0.03	17.2±0.00	122.02 ±0.20
	20	17.2±0.00		17.2±0.00
	40	17.20±0.00		17.20±0.00
	60	19.2±0.00		19.2±0.00
	80	19.6±0.00		19.6±0.03
	100	20±0.00		20.03±0.03
	150	20±0.00		20±0.00
	200	24±0.00		24±0.00
Petroleum ether	10	33.5±0.00	90.14±0.12	23±0.00	96.122 ±0.04
	20	34±0.00		23.04±0.04
	40	36.04±0.04		25.6±0.00
	60	36.8±0.00		27±0.00
	80	39.6±0.00		27.5±0.00
	100	40.03±0.03		28±0.00
	150	40.11±0.01		29±0.00
	200	43±0.00		32±0.00
Aqueous	10	20.4±0.00	89.4681±0.01	21.6±0.00	123.60 ±0.010
	20	21.6±0.0		22±0.00
	40	22±0		22±0.0.00
	60	22.13±0.02		22±0.00
	80	23±0		23±0.00
	100	23.30±0.003		23.30±0.00
	150	25.6±0.00		25.603±0.00
	200	26±0.00		28±0.00

Extraction Solvent	Concentration	In vivo sample		In vitro sample		Standard
Extraction Solvent	(μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/mL)	% inhibition	IC50 (μg/L)
Methanol	10	38.03±0.03	100.96±0.28	38.07±0.03	102.53 ±0.49	48±0	41.92 ±0.12
	20	39.04±0.04		38.03±0.03		56.04±0.04
	40	39.6±0		39±0.00		66±0
	60	40.06±0.03		39.60±0.00		67.13±0.066
	80	40.10±0.00		40.06±0.03		68±0
	100	43±0		42.03±0.03		71.5±0.30
	150	44.06±0.03		44.03±0.03		72.4±0
	200	46±0		45±0.00		73.59±0.00
Ethanol	10	39.033±0.03	96.63±0.44	35.03±0.03	88.97 ±0.32
	20	39.033±0.03		36±0.00
	40	40.06±0.03		38±0.00
	60	42±0.00		39.033±0.06
	80	43.03±0.03		41±0.00
	100	44.04±0.04		42.07±0.03
	150	45.03±0.03		44.03±0.03
	200	47±0.00		46±0.00
Ethyl acetate	10	16±0.00	110.89±0.46	17.2±0.00	106.74 ±0.14
	20	16.803±0.003		18±0.00
	40	17.603±0.003		19.17±0.02
	60	17.6±0.00		19.6±0.00
	80	18±0.00		20±0.00
	100	19.603±0.003		20±0.00
	150	20±0.00		21±0.00
	200	23±0.00		24±0.00
Petroleum ether	10	30±0.00	119.23±0.009	27±0.00	113.15 ±0.05
	20	30±0.00		27±0.00
	40	31±0.00		28±0.00
	60	31±0.00		28±0.00
	80	31.50±0.00		29.03±0.03
	100	33±0.00		31±0.00
	150	34±0.00		35±0.00
	200	37±0.00		37±0.00
Aqueous	10	17.2±0.00	112.12±0.03	17.2±0.00	120.46 ±0.07
	20	17.20±0.00		17.20±0.00
	40	18±0.00		18±0.00
	60	19.2±0.00		19.2±0.00
	80	19.60±0.003		19.60±0.00
	100	20±0.00		20±0.00
	150	20±0.00		20±0.00
	200	23±0.00		24±0.00

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, n. 580, 05508-000 S. Paulo/SP Brasil, Tel.: (55 11) 3091-3824 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: bjps@usp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] *Correspondence: S. Mallubhotla. Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University. School of Biotechnology. Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University. Katra-182320, Jammu & Kashmir, India. Phone: 91+9419202016. Email: sharda.p@smvdu.ac.in.