Relative competition between white clover and weed species <i>Silene gallica</i>

Rockenbach, Dalvane; Balbinot, Andrisa; Bastiani, Marlon Ouriques; Caratti, Fernanda Cassiane; Agostinetto, Dirceu; Lamego, Fabiane

doi:10.1590/1678-4499.20200121

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Article • Bragantia 80 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20200121 copy

Relative competition between white clover and weed species Silene gallica

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to assess the relative competition between white clover (cv. BRS URS Entrevero) and weed species Silene gallica L. through replacement series. The experiments followed a completely randomized design with four replications. The first study showed that the shoot dry mass of both species (white clover and S. gallica) became constant with 16 plants.pot^-1 or 400 plants.m^-2. In 2017, a study was conducted and it was repeated in 2018 in order to assess white clover competition with S. gallica under different crop: weed proportions pot^-1 (100:00; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75 and 00:100). Competitiveness analysis was carried out through diagrams applied to replace experiments and through the relative competition indices. Morphological parameters such as plant height, leaf area and shoot dry mass of the crop and the weed were measured when S. gallica plants bloomed (105 days after species emergence). Results have proven the phenotypic plasticity of temperate-climate foragers such as white clover. This outcome shows that the competitive relationship with Silene gallica changes due to plant proportions composing the association. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that the species show similar competitive ability.

Key words
competitiveness; replacement series; seed production; temperate-climate forage

Plant ratio (forage:competitor)	Plant ratio (White clover:Silene gallica)
	PH (cm)	LA (cm²·plant^-1)	SDM (g·plant^-1)
	2017
	White clover
100:00 (T)	12.00	0.88	0.23
75:25	13.56	0.85	0.25
50:50	13.63	0.57^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.25
25:75	10.69	0.21^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.15
CV (%)	15.85	51.87	35.13
	Silene gallica
100:00 (T)	16.19	1.08	0.38
75:25	13.44	0.64^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.39
50:50	14.00	0.60^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.38
25:75	10.00^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.60^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.55
CV (%)	21.89	43.13	35.13
	2018
	White clover
100:00 (T)	17.27	67.34	0.62
75:25	14.27	32.26^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.26^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.
50:50	13.68^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	30.31^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.26^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.
25:75	12.56^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	25.71^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	0.21^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.
CV (%)	17.98	52.55	57.99
	Silene gallica
100:00 (T)	20.34	73.38	0.77
75:25	17.69	80.74	0.81
50:50	21.99	112.06^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	1.25^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.
25:75	29.15^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	202.73^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.	2.28^* * Means are different from the untreated check (T) in the Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05); CV: coefficient of variation.
CV (%)	21.22	47.79	53.05

Variable	Rc	Ka	Kb	C
Variable	PH (2017)
White clover: Silene gallica	1.34 (± 0.15)^ns	1.32 (± 0.10)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.	0.78 (± 0.09)	0.14 (± 0.05)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.
	PH (2018)
White clover: Silene gallica	1.12 (± 0.16)^ns	1.32 (± 0.33)^ns	1.09 (± 0.24)	0.04 (± 0.08)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.
	LA (2017)
White clover: Silene gallica	1.24 (± 0.22)^ns	0.49 (± 0.05)^ns	0.39 (± 0.05)	0.05 (± 0.05)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.
	LA (2018)
White clover: Silene gallica	0.30 (± 0.06)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.	0.31 (± 0.09)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.	3.73 (± 1.03)	-0.54 (± 0.06)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.
	SDM (2017)
White clover: Silene gallica	1.12 (± 0.16)^ns	1.32 (± 0.33)^ns	1.09 (± 0.24)	0.04 (± 0.08)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.
	SDM (2018)
White clover: Silene gallica	0.26 (± 0.06)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.	0.28 (± 0.09)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.	6.66 (± 2.28)	-0.60 (± 0.09)^* * Significant difference in the t test at p ≤ 0.05; values between parameters represent the standard-error of the mean; Ka: relative grouping coefficient of forages; Kb: relative grouping coefficient of Silene gallica; Rc: relative competition; K: coefficient of relative grouping; C: coefficient of competition; SDM: shoot dry mass.

Instituto Agronômico de Campinas Avenida Barão de Itapura, 1481, 13020-902, Tel.: +55 19 2137-0653, Fax: +55 19 2137-0666 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: bragantia@iac.sp.gov.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] *Corresponding author: dalvane.rockenbach@gmail.com