The possibility of ice crystal structuring is attractive because it is possible to reach some structures of reduced dimensions capable of decrease the freezing damage to the minimal. The occurrences of needles or skeletons harmful to the frozen tissues demonstrate that the crystal face grown were unequal. The objective of the research is to the induce formation of smaller crystalline seeds, spherical or with a high symmetry level to increase the probability of original form. It was used: 1) anphiphilic substances, to affect the usual crystalline structure of the water; 2) substances with hydrogen bond possibility containing water in all directions in order to arrange symmetrical structures. Under the influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a surface-active agent, the ice crystals composed of spherical crystalline aggregates. Spherulitic crystals were obtained under the influence of valina amino acid, histidine, glicine and salt sulfate aluminum and ammonia. Polyhedric crystals with curve faces were obtained with the influence of the surface-active agent Triton ® X 100, Tween ® 80 and of the bile salt the quenodeoxicolic acid. The best result was obtained under the influence of phoroglucine. This of the triphenol was capable of producing small crystals with rounded extremities and in all stratum of the sample. In all the order solutions the spherical crystals appears in the superior stratum only.
Cryopreservation; crystallization; ice structure; anphiphilic substances
