Sol-gel film in the SiO2-CaO system was prepared via reacting silicate precursor (TEOS - tetraethyl orthosilicate), calcium precursor (tetrahydrated calcium nitrate), alcohol in an acidic medium. After mixing, the coating was deposited on stainless steel by dip-coating technique at a low withdraw speed. After deposition, the composite was submitted to heat treatment, in air, at 400 ºC for 1 h. The composite biocompatibility has been analyzed by in vitro studies using two methods: a) concentrated simulated body fluid - SBF 1.5 - and b) cell culture. A scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM and EDS) analysis revealed the formation of hydroxyapatite precursor layer on bioactive film surface after 3 weeks into SBF solution. SEM analysis shows the adhesion, proliferation and spreading of cells on sol-gel derived bioactive film surface after 24 h of cellular culture, using VERO cells (ATCC CCL-81). Viability cellular essays with MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] indicated no citotoxicity in sol-gel film/VERO cells interface. Results suggested that this composite is an attractive material to be used in clinic field.
coating; bioactive film; biocompatibility; SBF; cell culture
