DIFFERENT STABILITY METHODS FOR CULTIVAR RECOMMENDATION IN ELEPHANT-GRASS FOR ENERGY PURPOSES IN BRAZIL

Silva, Veronica Brito da; Daher, Rogerio Figueiredo; Menezes, Bruna Rafaela da Silva; Oliveira, Maria Lorraine Fonseca; Araújo, Maria do Socorro Bezerra; Novo, Antonio Alonso Cecon

doi:10.1590/01047760201723042292

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Articles • CERNE 23 (4) • Oct-Dec 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/01047760201723042292 copy

DIFFERENT STABILITY METHODS FOR CULTIVAR RECOMMENDATION IN ELEPHANT-GRASS FOR ENERGY PURPOSES IN BRAZIL

MÉTODOS DE ESTABILIDADE DIFERENTES PARA RECOMENDAÇÃO DE CULTIVAR EM CAPIM ELEFANTE PARA FINS DE ENERGIA NO BRASIL

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The elephant-grass undergoes successive cutting and periodical evaluations that it possible to identify clones with high stability for dry matter production, which can be used for energy production. The present study was carried out to evaluate stability dry matter yield for different parametric and non-parametric methods in elephant grass genotypes for biomass production undergoes successive cutting in the agroclimatic conditions of the Norte Fluminense (RJ, Brazil). The variable measured in the 40 genotypes was dry matter yield (DMY) at 2009, 2010 and 2011 in a field study designed as randomized block design with two replicates. Each sample was grown in different environment condition. The stability methods tested were the Yates and Cochran’s, Plaisted and Peterson’s, Wricke’s ecovalence, Annicchiarico’s, Lin and Binns’ and Kang and Phan’s. Results indicated that cutting (E) and genotypes (G) influenced significantly on the performance of dry matter yield. The non-parametric stability methods were effective for the evaluation of stability in dry matter yield. Genotypes Mercker, Pinda-México, Mercker 86-México, Guaçu/IZ, Mercker Pinda, P-241-Piracicaba and Cubano Pinda were stable stability dry matter yield. Hence, there are genotypes may be exploited in future breeding programmes in order to improve productivity of upland elephant grass over environment.

Keywords:
Alternative energy; Biomass; Genotype; Cutting interaction

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Identification	Genotypes	Origin
1	Elefante de Colômbia	Colombia
2	Mercker	Brazil
3	Três Rios	Brazil
4	Mercker Santa Rita	Brazil
5	Pusa Napier nº 2	India
6	Gigante de Pinda	Brazil
7	Napier nº 2	Brazil
8	Mercker S.E.A.	Brazil
9	Taiwan A-148	Brazil
10	Porto Rico 534-B	Brazil
11	Albano	Colombia
12	Híbrido Gigante da Colômbia	Colombia
13	Pusa Gigante Napier	India
14	Costa Rica	Costa Rica
15	Cubano Pinda	Brazil
16	Mercker Pinda	Brazil
17	MerckerPinda México	Mexico
18	Mercker 86 - México	Mexico
19	Taiwan A-144	Brazil
20	Napier S.E.A.	Brazil
21	Taiwan A-143	Brazil
22	Elefante de Pinda	Colombia
23	Mineiro	Brazil
24	Mole de Volta Grande	Brazil
25	Napier	Brazil
26	Teresópolis	Brazil
27	Taiwan A-46	Brazil
28	Duro de Volta Grande	Brazil
29	Merckeron Comum Pinda	Brazil
30	Cameroon- Piracicaba	Brazil
31	Taiwan A-121	Brazil
32	P-241-Piracicaba	Brazil
33	IAC - Campinas	Brazil
34	Elefante de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim	Brazil
35	Roxo	Brazil
36	Guaçu/IZ.2	Brazil
37	King Grass	Brazil
38	Roxo Botucatu	Brazil
39	Vruckwona Africana	Africa
40	Pasto Panama	Panama

Source of variance	Mean Squared
Source of variance	^aDF	Cutting ₁	Cutting ₂	Cutting ₃	Cutting ₄
Block	1	121.43	298.34	7.5	39.4
Genotype	39	68.55**	58.75*	26.9**	15.62*
Residue	39	30.8	33.02	7.28	9.1
Mean		20.55	19.49	36.96	11.38
^bCV(%)		27.00	29.47	21.41	26.49

Source of variation	^aDF	Mean Square
Block/Cut	1	746.01
Genotype	39	157.36*
Error A	39	52.62
Cut	3	9196.51**
Error B	3	38.48
Genotype × Cut	117	60.68**
Error C	117	27.64
Total	319

Genotype	Mean	R	MS	R	θ (%)	R	Ωi (%)	R	I (%)	R	Pi	R
1	23.95	16	245.99	18	0.34	4	0.15	4	107.57	10	125.05	14
2	16.68	37	105.41	8	1.35	16	1.25	16	74.5	37	274.95	36
3	23.14	17	211.02	14	0.31	3	0.12	3	104.36	16	134.89	15
4	21.26	23	236.97	16	0.22	1	0.01	1	94.66	19	164.7	23
5	21.72	21	276.19	22	0.76	8	0.61	8	93.33	21	155.33	19
6	26.78	8	482.79	35	2.99	30	3.03	30	114.49	6	90.01	8
7	17.8	34	86.04	6	2.89	29	2.93	29	78.97	33	273	35
8	20.24	25	295.19	26	0.87	11	0.72	11	86.3	26	188.34	25
9	12.88	40	46.26	2	3.09	32	3.14	32	58.2	40	386.16	40
10	24.85	9	350.89	30	1.81	22	1.75	22	105.74	14	105.09	10
11	22.69	18	458.6	34	4.26	35	4.42	35	92.26	22	158.35	20
12	14.33	39	58.26	3	3.48	33	3.57	33	63.25	38	345.67	39
13	15.27	38	140.03	10	1.89	23	1.84	23	62.85	39	308.1	38
14	21.75	20	292.06	25	1.53	19	1.44	19	91.28	23	164	22
15	26.79	7	434.79	32	1.57	20	1.49	20	113.32	7	70.14	5
16	28.29	5	488.69	37	2.79	28	2.82	28	118.93	4	62.6	3
17	30.61	1	564.33	38	3.69	34	3.8	34	131.04	1	43.94	1
18	30.37	2	319.02	28	10.2	39	10.9	39	128.95	2	89.53	7
19	24.26	13	335.82	29	0.8	10	0.65	10	106.31	12	113.95	11
20	20.9	24	438.79	33	2.08	24	2.04	24	83.9	28	168.76	24
21	24.36	12	356.68	31	1.01	13	0.88	13	106.34	11	114.08	12
22	19.5	29	231.37	15	1.26	15	1.15	15	79.15	32	201.12	27
23	19.51	28	259.22	19	0.78	9	0.63	9	83.66	29	205.23	30
24	22.25	19	312.54	27	0.98	12	0.85	12	96.25	18	153.55	18
25	18.48	31	71.52	4	2.53	27	2.53	27	84.22	27	249.03	31
26	17.91	33	78.96	5	3.07	31	3.12	31	80.17	31	262.18	34
27	24.85	10	290.13	24	0.52	6	0.35	6	108.73	8	102.74	9
28	20.19	26	181.77	11	1.11	14	0.99	14	88.65	24	203.58	28
29	17.66	36	103.31	7	2.33	25	2.32	25	77	35	254.88	32
30	18.96	30	237.05	17	0.45	5	0.26	5	77.05	34	203.75	29
31	27.87	6	971.17	40	11.3	40	12.1	40	106.23	13	86.69	6
32	28.96	4	487.57	36	2.45	26	2.45	26	121.76	3	45.28	2
33	17.75	35	42.86	1	5.7	37	5.98	37	81.27	30	287.21	37
34	24.17	14	190.55	12	1.37	17	1.27	17	107.92	9	137.91	16
35	24.5	11	284.7	23	1.6	21	1.52	21	103.85	17	115.98	13
36	29.49	3	743.17	39	9.61	38	10.24	38	116.91	5	69.05	4
37	19.6	27	203.92	13	0.24	2	0.04	2	86.89	25	198.49	26
38	21.55	22	266.02	20	0.74	7	0.58	7	93.4	20	161.52	21
39	17.93	32	107.9	9	4.56	36	4.75	36	76.18	36	261.95	33
40	23.96	15	275.84	21	1.43	18	1.34	18	104.69	15	138.63	17

Genotype	Mean	R	K+YC	R	K+PP	R	K+W	R	K+An	R	K+LB	R
1	23.95	16	34	4	16	3	16	3	2	14	2	14
2	16.68	37	45	31	20	30	20	30	4	37	6	37
3	23.14	17	31	3	20	2	20	2	7	17	7	16
4	21.26	23	39	12	23	5	23	5	8	20	8	23
5	21.72	21	43	27	24	10	24	10	9	22	9	20
6	26.78	8	43	29	25	22	25	22	14	6	12	8
7	17.80	34	40	16	27	35	27	35	14	34	12	35
8	20.24	25	51	38	29	20	29	20	18	25	16	25
9	12.88	40	42	20	29	38	29	38	19	40	19	40
10	24.85	9	39	13	29	14	29	14	23	12	19	10
11	22.69	18	52	39	30	31	30	31	23	19	24	19
12	14.33	39	42	21	31	39	31	39	23	38	24	39
13	15.27	38	48	37	31	33	31	33	25	39	24	38
14	21.75	20	45	32	31	23	31	23	26	23	30	21
15	26.79	7	39	14	32	7	32	7	28	7	30	6
16	28.29	5	42	24	33	17	33	17	30	5	32	4
17	30.61	1	39	15	33	19	33	19	33	1	32	1
18	30.37	2	30	2	35	26	35	26	37	2	37	5
19	24.26	13	42	23	35	4	35	4	40	13	38	11
20	20.90	24	57	40	36	29	36	29	42	26	40	24
21	24.36	12	43	28	37	6	37	6	42	11	42	12
22	19.50	29	44	30	38	27	38	27	42	30	43	29
23	19.51	28	47	36	39	21	39	21	43	28	46	28
24	22.25	19	46	33	40	12	40	12	50	18	48	18
25	18.48	31	35	7	41	32	41	32	51	29	50	31
26	17.91	33	38	11	41	36	41	36	52	31	53	33
27	24.85	10	34	6	44	1	44	1	52	8	54	9
28	20.19	26	37	10	46	24	46	24	57	24	56	27
29	17.66	36	43	26	48	34	48	34	58	36	58	34
30	18.96	30	47	35	53	18	53	18	61	32	59	30
31	27.87	6	46	34	53	28	53	28	64	9	62	7
32	28.96	4	40	18	58	11	58	11	64	3	65	2
33	17.75	35	36	8	61	40	61	40	65	33	67	36
34	24.17	14	26	1	61	13	61	13	67	10	68	15
35	24.50	11	34	5	63	15	63	15	68	15	69	13
36	29.49	3	42	25	64	25	64	25	71	4	72	3
37	19.60	27	40	17	68	8	68	8	74	27	73	26
38	21.55	22	42	22	72	9	72	9	77	21	76	22
39	17.93	32	41	19	72	37	72	37	77	35	78	32
40	23.96	15	36	9	72	16	72	16	80	16	80	17

	YC	PP	Wi	I	Pi	K+YC	K+PP	K+ωi	K+I	K+Pi
Mean	-0.865**	-0.076	-0.076	0.967**	0.989**	0.209	0.579**	0.579**	0.988**	0.995**
YC	-	0.103	0.103	-0.765**	-0.870**	0.285	-0.432**	-0.432**	-0.821**	-0.869**
PP	-	-	1.000	-0.007	-0.017	0.030	0.736**	0.736**	-0.044	-0.039
Wi	-	-	-	-0.007	-0.017	0.030	0.736**	0.736**	-0.044	-0.039
I	-	-	-	-	0.962**	0.338*	0.635**	0.635**	0.991**	0.971**
Pi	-	-	-	-	-	0.179	0.629**	0.629**	0.980**	0.997**
K+YC	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.248	0.248	0.269	0.194
K+PP	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.000	0.606**	0.614**
K+ωi	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.606**	0.614**
K+I	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.988**
K+Pi	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	-	-