Quality of life in dysphagia and anxiety and depression symptoms pre and post-thyroidectomy

Depolli, Gabriel Trevizani; Oliveira, Gustavo Batista de; Oliveira, Thais Jejesky de; Santos, Marco Homero de Sá; Rocha, Ricardo Mai; Guimarães, Michelle Ferreira; Azevedo, Elma Heitmann Mares

doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20232022099pt

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Original Article • CoDAS 35 (5) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20232022099en linkcopy

Quality of life in dysphagia and anxiety and depression symptoms pre and post-thyroidectomy

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Purpose To correlate the dysphagia quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression before and after thyroidectomy.

Methods Observational, longitudinal, prospective, and experimental study. Twenty patients participated, with a mean age of 54 years, prevalence of females (n=17; 85%) and partial thyroidectomy (n=14; 70%). All subjects underwent laryngeal visual examination and answered the MD Anderson Dysphagia Questionnaire (MDADI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in three different moments: preoperatively, immediately postoperatively (maximum one week) and three months after surgery.

Results There was a significant difference in dysphagia quality of life for the physical and total domains in the three different moments. Regarding anxiety and depression, a statistically significant difference was observed between the scores in all domains, with a greater difference observed between the preoperative period and after 1 week. Higher values were observed in the preoperative period for mild anxiety traits, being more frequent in relation to depression, with a reduction after 1 week and an increase after three months of surgery. There was no significant correlation between the MDADI and HADS protocols.

Conclusion Patients undergoing thyroidectomy self-report better quality of life in dysphagia and reduced anxiety/depression scores after three months of surgery. There was no correlation between anxiety, depression and quality of life in dysphagia at the moments evaluated.

Keywords:
Thyroidectomy; Deglutition Disorders; Quality of Life; Anxiety; Depression

*MDADI*	Periods			p-value
*MDADI*	Pre	After 1W	After 3M	p-value
Overall	4.0	4.0	4.0	0.359
Emotional	71.7	71.7	78.0	0.081
Functional	70.0	66.0	73.8	0.711
Physical	58.8c	55.0^c	74.9a^,b	<0.001**
Total	67.7^c	62.8^c	74.2^a,b	<0.047**

*HADS*	Periods			p-value
*HADS*	Pre	After 1W	After 3M	p-value
Anxiety	8.1b^,c	5.0a^,c	6.7^a,b	0. 012**
Depression	5.3^b,c	3.7^a	4.1^a	0. 010**
Total	13.5^b,c	8.7^a,c	10.8^a,b	0. 014**

*MDADI*	*HADS-A*			*HADS-D*			*HADS-T*
*MDADI*	Pre	After 1W	After 3M	Pre	After 1W	After 3M	Pre	After 1W	After 3M
Overall	-0.145	-0.062	0.194	0.004	-0.281	0.206	-0.102	-0.152	0.222
Emotional	0.019	-0.034	0.139	0.087	-0.296	0.143	0.058	-0.150	-0.174
Functional	0.069	0.005	0.359	0.015	-0.117	0.310	0.010	-0.054	0.347
Physical	-0.179	-0.320	0.217	-0.141	-0.388	0.141	-0.226	-0.389	0.231
Total	-0.140	-0.132	0.162	-0.103	-0.297	0.118	-0.176	-0.211	0.175

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E-mail: revista@codas.org.br

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[TFN100] ^a
Statistically significant difference when compared to the preoperative period;

[TFN200] ^b
Statistically significant difference when compared to the recent postoperative period;

[TFN300] ^c
Statistically significant difference when compared to the three months postoperative period;

[TFN400] ^**
Friedman test; 95% Confidence Interval; p ≤ 0.05; p ≤ 0.05; Conover Post-hoc Test (p-value ≤ 0.05) at different times: Pre (a), Recent postoperative period (b) and After 3M (c)

[5] Caption: MDADI = MD Anderson Dysphagia Questionnaire; Pre = Preoperative Period; After 1W = Recent Postoperative Period of a Maximum of One Week; After 3M = After Three Months