Resumo em Português:

RESUMO Objetivo 1) Analisar a influência da temperatura no fluxo/textura dos diferentes alimentos, logo após o preparo e após uma hora, e 2) Comparar a influência de variar o cozinheiro no preparo dos alimentos, em relação ao fluxo dos alimentos. Método Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e experimental. Utilizou-se o teste de fluxo padronizado pelo IDDSI, para avaliar o volume restante da seringa e os níveis dos alimentos (mingau, vitamina, sopa líquida e sopa leve batida) preparados por diferentes cozinheiros, em triplicata, no tempo zero (T0) e após uma hora (T1). Resultados Foi observado diferenças na temperatura em todos os alimentos no T0 e T1 (p < 0,05). O nível do IDDSI mudou apenas no mingau, de nível 3 para 4 (p = 0,043). Modificações foram observadas no preparo por diferentes cozinheiros para vitamina, no 2° e 3° dia (p=0,049), do nível 3 para 4 do IDDSI. No mingau, no 1° e 3°dia (p=0,048) e 2°e 3° dia (p=0,048), com mudança de nível 4 para 3 do IDDSI. Conclusão A temperatura de todos os alimentos foi diferente, no intervalo de uma hora, com modificações no teste de fluxo e nos níveis do IDDSI, do nível 3 para 4, apenas para o mingau. Diferentes cozinheiros prepararam a vitamina e o mingau com características diferentes, e consequente, mudanças do nível 3 para 4 em ambos os alimentos.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the influence of temperature on the flow/texture of different foods, immediately after preparation and after one hour, and 2) To compare the influence of varying the cook in food preparation, in relation to food flow. Methods This is a quantitative and experimental study. The IDDSI standardized flow test was used to evaluate the remaining volume in the syringe and the levels of foods (porridge, smoothie, liquid soup, and pureed light soup) prepared by different cooks, in triplicate, at time zero (T0) and after one hour (T1). Results Differences in temperature were observed in all foods at T0 and T1 (p < 0.05). The IDDSI level changed only in porridge, from level 3 to 4 (p = 0.043). Modifications were observed in the preparation by different cooks for smoothie, on the 2nd and 3rd day (p = 0.049), from level 3 to 4 of IDDSI. In porridge, on the 1st and 3rd day (p = 0.048) and 2nd and 3rd day (p = 0.048), with a change from level 4 to 3 of IDDSI. Conclusion The temperature of all foods differed within the one-hour interval, with modifications in the flow test and in the IDDSI levels, from level 3 to 4, only for porridge. Different cooks prepared the smoothie and porridge with different characteristics, resulting in changes from level 3 to 4 in both foods.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT Purpose Chronic Cough (CC) is an emerging area of practice in speech language pathology. Behavioral treatment for managing CC has gained attention in the recent past. This study aimed to devise a comprehensive behavioural therapy program for CC by involving allied health professionals (AHPs), who are typically involved in management of CC. Methods A qualitative methodology was used to devise a behavioral treatment module for CC. Practice patterns of medical professionals, AHPs and yoga practitioners for CC were gathered through semi-structured interviews. A constant comparative framework was used to recruit participants until data saturation was achieved. The interview transcripts were analyzed to identify relevant components for the module. A post-interview survey was conducted to finalize the module through a consensus-based approach. Results Three themes and respective sub-themes were identified from analysis. The module was developed based on the treatment strategies followed by professionals and was labeled ‘Comprehensive Cough Therapy Program (CCTP)’. This comprised four components – similar to what is available in literature – patient education, breathing exercises, laryngeal hydration, and cough control strategies. This was devised using inputs from the interviews and evidence in the literature. Conclusion In line with global guidelines, this behavioral treatment module can serve as a possible management option for CC.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of the present study was to conceptualize and develop a novel context-based working memory (WM) task which would possess the potential to assess the context-based WM in an Indian scenario and incorporate a task-linked metacognitive facet to understand an individual's self-perception of performance. Methods Employing the ADDIE instructional design model, comprising Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation phases, the present study focused on the initial four phases. In the Analysis-phase, the needs and objectives for creating a context-based WM task were identified. Design-phase included task conceptualization and content validation of the conceptualized context-based WM task. In the Develop-phase, the designed context-based WM task was developed in an animated video format. Five content experts and fifteen lay experts were involved in the content validation process. In the Implementation-phase, a pilot study was done on ten adults to assess the feasibility of the novel context-based WM task. Results The task obtained good content validation index and understandability scores on the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool. Preliminary data trends from the implementation-phase revealed the task's potential to detect age-related WM differences. Significantly correlated with established WM tasks, the novel Activity Ordering Task (AOT) effectively measured WM-spans. Observed discrepancies between performance and prediction/postdiction spans during metacognitive facet administration highlighted the AOT's utility in evaluating metacognition. Conclusion Addressing the limitations of context in traditional tasks, the AOT appears to be a promising tool that not only measures WM but also assesses metacognition, thereby enhancing its utility beyond an everyday WM assessment.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT Purpose The main objective was to develop and validate a MATLAB-based Competing Sentence Test (CST-K) and obtain preliminary normative data for this test within a small cohort of children aged 8 to 12. Methods This study comprised two phases. Phase 1 involved developing and validating the Competing Sentence Test in Kannada (CST-K). Sentences were selected from Kannada academic textbooks of III and IV standards, recorded by a male native Kannada speaker, and evaluated by three experienced audiologists. Phase 2, which includes normative pilot estimation, was conducted on 60 right-handed children aged 8-12 without hearing difficulties. The CST-K was administered in a quiet room in the school, where the noise level ranged from 40.3 to 43.2 dBA using a laptop and soundcard, presenting thirty pairs of simple sentences with a signal-to-competition ratio of -15 dB. Test-retest reliability was assessed after three weeks. Participants were evenly distributed among four age groups: 8-8.11 years, 9-9.11 years, 10-10.11 years, and 11-11.11 years. Results The results indicated a significant difference between the scores obtained for the right and left ears. There was also a statistically significant difference across the age groups. The test-retest reliability test showed excellent reliability for the right ear and good reliability for the left ear scores. Conclusion A MATLAB-based Competing Sentence Test in Kannada Language was developed and validated in a recent study. The study found that scores were higher for the right ear and there was a significant age-related difference. This test can be used to evaluate binaural separation skills in Kannada-speaking children and can be included in the test battery. The study also provides normative data for the competing sentence test, which is reliable, making it a unique tool for clinicians to assess various clinical populations.

Resumo em Português:

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a relação entre consistência de uso, percepção da fala, e vocabulário receptivo em crianças usuárias de auxiliares de audição, especificamente aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual (AASI). Método Foi retomada a população do estudo de Pereira (2023) e analisado o banco de dados com as informações referentes ao Índice de Inteligibilidade de Fala (SII) para sons de entrada de 65 dBNPS (com e sem AASI) de 29 crianças com perda auditiva neurossensorial usuárias de AASI bilateralmente, engajadas em língua oral, em famílias usuárias do português brasileiro. Foram analisados: o número de uso de horas por dia do dispositivo, média quadritonal, resultado da repetição de palavras com e sem sentido em 65 dBNPS, teste Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test – PPVT. A consistência de uso foi analisada por meio da medida da dosagem auditiva, que considera média de horas de uso e audibilidade com e sem AASI. Resultados O PPVT tem correlação positiva com o SII com AASI em 65 dBNPS. A média quadritonal tem correlação significativa negativa com o SII nas duas condições e o mesmo acontece com a média de horas diárias de uso. A dosagem tem correlação positiva significativa com os SII e negativa com a PTA. Conclusão O vocabulário receptivo tende a crescer com o aumento da dosagem auditiva. Os resultados sugerem que a experiência auditiva, envolvendo a audibilidade sem e com AASI e a consistência de uso diário do dispositivo, deve ser considerada durante todo o processo de reabilitação.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the relationship between consistency in the use of hearing aids, auditory speech perception and vocabulary in children using hearing aids. Methods The population of Pereira’s (2023) study was resumed and the database was analyzed containing information about the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) for input sounds of 65 dBSPL (with or without hearing aids) of 29 children with neurosensorial hearing loss and hearing aid users bilaterally, with oral language, the number of hours per day of use of the device, four-tone average, results of the repetition of words with or without meaning in 65 dBSPL, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test – PPVT. The consistency of the use was analyzed through measuring the auditory dosage which takes into account the average of use hours and the audibility with or without the device. Results The PPVT has a positive correlation with the SII with the device at 65 dBSPL. The four-tone average has a significant negative correlation with the SII in both conditions; and the same happens with the hours on daily usage. The dosage has a significant positive correlation with the SII and negative with the PTA. Conclusion The receptive vocabulary tends to grow alongside with the audibility dosage increment. Results suggest that listening experience, involving the audibility with or without the device and the consistency of the device daily use must be considered throughout the whole process of the rehabilitation.