Impact of sorghum grain processing on morphological characteristics of particles of wholegrain sorghum flour

ACQUISGRANA, María del Rosario; GOMEZ PAMIES, Laura Cecilia; QUIROGA, Fernanda; RIBOTTA, Pablo Daniel; BENÍTEZ, Elisa Inés

doi:10.1590/fst.69420

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Original Article • Food Sci. Technol (Campinas) 42 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.69420 copy

Impact of sorghum grain processing on morphological characteristics of particles of wholegrain sorghum flour

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This work studies the physical characteristics of sorghum whole flour particles produced with grains reduced in tannins by hydrothermal treatment. Flours ground with two types of mills: a roll mill and a blade mill were used; grains were hydrated with a moisture content of 25%. For this moisture the maximum yield was obtained. The effect of the grain moisture during the grinding was evaluated regarding the morphological characteristics, the granulometry and fractal dimension (D_f) of particles. In all the analysed samples, bimodal size distribution curves were obtained. The treated samples showed medium size particles bigger than the samples without treatment. The samples without hydrothermal treatment presented particles with lower damage than the treated samples for both mills. The difference in D_f between samples indicated more roughness for the samples with treatment. The proposed treatment could contribute to the development of sorghum whole flour with different properties for the development of gluten-free food.

Keywords:
tannin; size distribution; fractal dimension

	Sample	d₍₁₀₎ (μm)	d₍₅₀₎ (μm)	d₍₉₀₎ (μm)	Moda (μm)	d_[4,3] (μm)	Span
RM	CS	13.70 ± 0.43^a	111.94 ± 2.14^a	283.77 ± 0.09^a	229.12 ± 14.25^a	130.63 ± 1.06^a	2.43 ± 0.05^e
RM	M	34.09 ± 2.11^b,c	250.17 ± 3.71^c	534.41 ± 13.38^c,d	344.49 ± 25.89^b	276.85 ± 6.26^c	2.00 ± 0.02^c
BM	CS	17.33 ± 0.98^a	166.97 ± 1.76^b	400.56 ± 2.04^b	245.91 ± 0.18^a	193.78 ± 1.01^b	2.30 ± 0.04^d
BM	M	46.58 ± 0.62^c	258.65 ± 1.01^c,d	555.43 ± 2.12^c,d	369.35 ± 0.27^b	286.95 ± 0.83^c	1.97 ± 0.00^c

	Sample		$\bar{D}$ (µm)	Volumen (%)	Area under the curve
RM	CS	Individual particles	18.5 ± 0.2^a	3.36	53 ± 1^a
	CS	packed particles	184 ± 4	96.64	1523 ± 29
	M	Individual particles	24.0 ± 0.3^b,c	0.85	28 ± 2^c,d
	M	packed particles	389 ± 89	99.15	3217 ± 329
BM	CS	Individual particles	18,3 ± 0.1^a	1.37	30.3 ± 0.6^a
	CS	packed particles	297 ± 7	98.63	2182 ± 99
	M	Individual particles	23.8 ± 0.4^b,c	0.58	20 ± 2^c,d
	M	packed particles	411 ± 7	99.42	3501 ± 274

	Sample	*D_f*	w	KL	Kg	$\bar{N}$
RM	CS	2.50 ± 0.01^a	2.59	1.72	3.58	847
RM	M	2.53 ± 0.01^a	2.12	1.02	2.12	663
BM	CS	2.53 ± 0.01^b	2.73	1.48	3.10	3490
BM	M	2.54 ± 0.01^b	2.54	0.81	1.69	2345

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[1] *Corresponding author: ebenitez@frre.utn.edu.ar