Antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of <i>Cedrela sinensis</i> (A. Juss) leaf with ethanol extract concentration

WU, YingJinZhu; HAN, Young-Sil; KIM, Myung-Hyun

doi:10.1590/fst.89122

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Food Science and Technology

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Original Article • Food Sci. Technol 42 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.89122 copy

Antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Cedrela sinensis (A. Juss) leaf with ethanol extract concentration

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Abstract

Cedrela sinensis, a member of Meliaceae family, is a traditional Chinese woody vegetable widely used as food and in health since ancient times. In order to study antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects of different concentrations of ethanol extracts of Cedrela sinensis leaf, Cedrela sinensis leaf was extracted using five solvents based on different ethanol concentration (25 EE, 50 EE, 75 EE and 95 EE) and distilled water (DW). The antioxidant activity was analyzed using DPPH, ABTS⁺ radical scavenging ability, ORAC and reducing power assay. The contents of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were also analyzed and assessed. The results showed 75 EE having higher polyphenol content (122.10 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (23.23 mg QE/g), showed better antioxidant and inhibitory effects against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. According to the test results, 75 EE had significant antioxidant activity and inhibitory ability to diabetes-related enzymes, indicating that it has potential as a functional food or nutritional food for the prevention and treatment of oxidation and diabetes.

Keywords:
Cedrela sinensis leaf powder; antioxidant activities; α-amylase inhibitory activity; α-glucosidase inhibitory activity

No	Compound	Retention time (min)	Cedrela sinensis leaf powder (mg/g)
1	Gallic acid	2.68	7.66 ± 0.40^a
2	Caffeic acid	10.44	0.09 ± 0.02^c
3	Coumaric acid	15.7	0.29 ± 0.08^b
4	Trans-ferulic acid	17.73	0.12 ± 0.04^b
5	Sinapic acid	18.68	ND

Solvents	Total polyphenol contents (mg GAE/g)	Total flavonoid contents (mg QE/g)	ORAC (µM TE/mg)
Water extract	35.85 ± 0.48^d	1.07 ± 0.71^e	106.39 ± 7.51^d
25% ethanol extract	76.50 ± 0.57^c	11.98 ± 1.77^c	170.93 ± 2.52^b
50% ethanol extract	105.81 ± 1.37^b	19.23 ± 0.71^b	218.25 ± 7.09^a
75% ethanol extract	122.10 ± 1.27^a	23.23 ± 0.71^a	223.65 ± 4.33^a
95% ethanol extract	36.08 ± 2.10^d	4.73 ± 0.24^d	135.18 ± 12.01^c

Solvents	DPPH radical scavenging activity IC₅₀ (𝜇g/mL)	ABTS radical scavenging activity IC₅₀ (𝜇g/mL)
Water extract	60.57 ± 3.60^b	233.69 ± 6.64^b
25% ethanol extract	30.08 ± 0.37^c	101.05 ± 4.73^c
50% ethanol extract	26.42 ± 1.78^c	78.90 ± 1.38^d
75% ethanol extract	17.64 ± 0.21^d	69.91 ± 3.31^d
95% ethanol extract	67.26 ± 4.56^a	270.79 ± 10.68^a
L-ascorbic acid	1.80 ± 0.20^e	28.61 ± 5.86^e
Trolox	2.16 ± 0.12^e	29.93 ± 1.81^e

Solvents	α-Amylase inhibitory activity IC₅₀ (𝜇g/mL)	α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity IC₅₀ (𝜇g/mL)
Water extract	> 10,000	1849.14 ± 62.41^a
25% ethanol extract	4969.70 ± 386.93^a	44.65 ± 1.86^c
50% ethanol extract	183.54 ± 12.14^b	1.92 ± 0.01^c
75% ethanol extract	158.34 ± 1.87^b	1.86 ± 0.01^c
95% ethanol extract	> 10,000	> 10,000
Acarbose	214.37 ± 7.53^b	332.36 ± 43.10^b

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[1] *Corresponding author: kimmh@sookmyung.ac.kr