Antioxidative and digestive enzymes inhibitory activities of 27 edible plants

LI, Ying; YANG, Dan; CHEN, Bo; CAO, Hai-Yan; ZHANG, Qing-Feng

doi:10.1590/fst.88621

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Food Science and Technology

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Original Article • Food Sci. Technol 42 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.88621 copy

Antioxidative and digestive enzymes inhibitory activities of 27 edible plants

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Abstract

The contents of total phenol and flavonoid of 27 edible plants as well as their antioxidative and digestive enzymes inhibitory activities were evaluated. The total phenol content of the 27 plants ranged from 1.28-46.80 mg gallic acid equivalent/g. DPPH, ABTS and reducing power assay explored that Rubus idaeus Linn, Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. and Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. exhibited stronger antioxidant capacity among the 27 plants. 4 plants showed inhibitory percentage more than 50% on pancreatic lipase. 10 plants showed inhibitory percentage more than 50% on α-glucosidase. 3 plants simultaneously possess significant inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase, which were Alpinia officinarum Hance, Ginkgo biloba Linn. leaves and Vitis vinifera Linn. Seeds. Strong positive correlation between total phenol content and antioxidative capacity were found. However, digestive enzymes inhibitory activity was less correlated with total phenol and total flavonoids content.

Keywords:
edible plants; antioxidative activity; digestive enzymes; correlation

Scientific name	Use part	Total flavonoid (mg/g)	Total phenolic (mg/g)	Antioxidant capacity			Digestive enzyme inhibition
Scientific name	Use part	Total flavonoid (mg/g)	Total phenolic (mg/g)	DPPH (%)	ABTS (%)	Reducing power (Abs)	pancreatic lipase	α-glucosidase	α-amylase
Alpinia officinarum Hance	Rhizome	68.67 ± 1.30	24.16 ± 0.10	71.45 ± 2.67	78.45 ± 2.04	2.30 ± 0.07	66.76 ± 0.83	99.33 ± 0.29	12.89 ± 2.04
Ginkgo biloba Linn.	Leaves	42.07 ± 1.09	7.61 ± 1.24	54.28 ± 2.05	34.33 ± 2.88	2.08 ± 0.06	64.56 ± 0.31	99.20 ± 0.28	7.96 ± 4.07
Vitis vinifera Linn.	Seeds	70.94 ± 2.38	28.09 ± 2.43	65.88 ± 0.99	90.71 ± 1.17	2.44 ± 0.04	58.89 ± 4.13	99.84 ± 0.10	17.49 ± 4.20
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.	Rhizome	81.22 ± 1.42	8.86 ± 0.49	26.91 ± 2.24	27.48 ± 0.84	0.94 ± 0.07	55.61 ± 2.01	78.02 ± 2.44	9.97 ± 1.94
Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.	Leaves	187.26 ± 2.04	46.80 ± 1.83	74.43 ± 0.59	89.53 ± 1.35	2.45 ± 0.045	46.04 ± 3.22	99.34 ± 0.15	21.64 ± 1.92
Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl	Leaves	135.91 ± 1.89	33.65 ± 0.89	65.22 ± 0.27	87.12 ± 0.35	2.48 ± 0.11	42.10 ± 2.46	7.22 ± 0.80	12.70 ± 0.48
Lonicera japonica Thunb.	Leaves	83.64 ± 7.51	20.71 ± 0.33	76.38 ± 2.00	75.70 ± 1.58	2.45 ± 0.09	29.12 ± 3.85	17.97 ± 4.62	9.10 ± 2.98
Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.	Leaves	82.42 ± 0.55	34.83 ± 1.59	71.62 ± 0.90	93.16 ± 0.74	2.15 ± 0.02	23.27 ± 2.93	99.37 ± 0.38	8.04 ± 0.82
Nymphaea tetragona Georgi	Leaves	58.25 ± 4.92	21.93 ± 0.44	72.81 ± 3.08	11.62 ± 2.22	2.38 ± 0.04	36.28 ± 2.33	60.72 ± 2.66	6.65 ± 1.25
Moringa oleifera Lam.	Leaves	56.64 ± 2.58	10.97 ± 1.32	42.93 ± 0.05	15.71 ± 0.21	1.65 ± 0.14	16.27 ± 3.65	6.86 ± 1.81	15.78 ± 2.42
Cassia tora Linn.	Seeds	47.49 ± 7.19	9.76 ± 1.74	26.97 ± 3.59	35.06 ± 2.77	0.89 ± 0.10	24.03 ± 2.85	17.67 ± 1.71	9.41 ± 2.03
Eclipta prostrata L.	Acrial part	42.18 ± 1.53	19.80 ± 0.64	32.04 ± 2.70	22.49 ± 2.96	1.54 ± 0.21	29.38 ± 1.92	49.25 ± 2.90	8.55 ± 1.46
Lycium chinense Miller	Seeds	41.98 ± 4.42	9.99 ± 0.32	75.56 ± 4.61	54.33 ± 1.83	2.39 ± 0.01	10.69 ± 2.76	23.52 ± 2.68	10.61 ± 3.27
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.	Flower	40.95 ± 2.12	18.18 ± 0.68	86.12 ± 4.38	79.07 ± 0.53	2.37 ± 0.02	25.56 ± 3.49	25.63 ± 1.32	7.30 ± 0.37
Rubus idaeus Linn.	Seeds	39.81 ± 2.98	19.79 ± 1.24	74.10 ± 3.87	89.36 ± 1.79	2.52 ± 0.01	26.63 ± 3.76	99.52 ± 0.25	7.29 ± 1.63
Pueraria lobata(Willd.)Ohwi	Rhizome	39.09 ± 1.41	14.24 ± 0.18	34.01 ± 3.49	30.21 ± 1.94	2.00 ± 0.15	27.96 ± 5.31	35.62 ± 3.31	7.87 ± 1.77
Citrus reticulata Blanco	Husk	37.41 ± 1.66	9.74 ± 0.49	19.93 ± 1.19	17.62 ± 0.83	1.23 ± 0.13	12.81 ± 3.32	7.01 ± 1.08	6.99 ± 0.73
Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.	Acrial part	34.55 ± 4.27	7.40 ± 1.74	27.46 ± 0.72	10.82 ± 2.47	1.29 ± 0.22	29.29 ± 2.44	28.64 ± 2.72	9.13 ± 1.75
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver	Leaves	29.45 ± 0.16	9.17 ± 0.48	48.29 ± 0.74	15.18 ± 1.69	2.31 ± 0.05	28.36 ± 1.49	10.29 ± 1.04	1.01 ± 0.76
Morus alba Linn.	Leaves	28.42 ± 1.71	7.47 ± 1.31	32.66 ± 1.35	23.67 ± 0.69	1.46 ± 0.26	28.73 ± 1.69	52.10 ± 3.91	10.81 ± 0.96
Portulaca oleracea Linn.	Acrial part	17.02 ± 0.42	6.27 ± 0.16	35.75 ± 2.73	10.71 ± 0.59	1.80 ± 0.05	20.61 ± 2.51	7.98 ± 2.76	6.56 ± 1.25
Prunella vulgaris Linn.	Flower	16.54 ± 0.83	5.14 ± 0.12	28.46 ± 3.30	4.00 ± 1.11	1.11 ± 0.07	32.13 ± 3.42	37.21 ± 3.26	5.63 ± 1.33
Punica granatum Linn.	Seeds	14.09 ± 3.66	5.17 ± 0.70	25.09 ± 3.29	77.93 ± 2.93	1.09 ± 0.08	22.20 ± 3.07	64.76 ± 3.26	4.63 ± 1.35
Hordeum vulgare Linn.	Seeds	4.63 ± 0.51	1.97 ± 0.15	12.15 ± 1.67	0.67 ± 1.66	0.45 ± 0.02	16.67 ± 1.69	6.26 ± 1.71	8.23 ± 0.57
Nymphaea tetragona Georgi	Seeds	3.84 ± 0.97	1.90 ± 0.12	7.17 ± 0.72	0.48 ± 0.20	0.29 ± 0.04	16.18 ± 1.23	10.39 ± 2.66	0.46 ± 1.50
Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC.	Stem	3.06 ± 0.34	1.28 ± 0.23	11.36 ± 1.85	0.41 ± 0.49	0.43 ± 0.04	15.47 ± 1.59	28.79 ± 0.19	17.63 ± 2.15
Euryale ferox Salisb. ex DC	Seeds	2.32 ± 0.28	1.28 ± 0.02	10.94 ± 0.23	1.59 ± 0.98	0.31 ± 0.02	14.27 ± 2.82	22.89 ± 0.08	1.98 ± 1.40

	Total flavonoid	Total phenol	DPPH	ABTS	Reducing power	Pancreatic lipase	α-glucosidase
Total flavonoid	1.000
Total phenol	0.898	1.000
DPPH	0.631	0.812	1.000
ABTS	0.645	0.799	0.767	1.000
Reducing power	0.615	0.782	0.934	0.702	1.000
Pancreatic lipase	0.511	0.422	0.400	0.393	0.416	1.000
α-Glucosidase	0.389	0.502	0.442	0.560	0.404	0.688	1.000

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[1] *Corresponding author: zhqf619@126.com