Effects of symmetrical spiral anti-blocking and row-sorting device parameters on wheat no-tillage sowing quality

Li, Yunxiang; Deng, Bo; Lu, Caiyun; Li, Hongwen; Wang, Yuxing

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v46e20240081/2026

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Scientific Paper • Eng. agríc. 46 • 2026 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v46e20240081/2026 linkcopy

Effects of symmetrical spiral anti-blocking and row-sorting device parameters on wheat no-tillage sowing quality

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

This paper analyzes the effects of the parameters of a symmetrical spiral anti-blocking and row-sorting device (SSARD) on the quality of no-tillage wheat sowing. The discrete element method was used to simulate the operating process of the SSARD in the soil bin. The effects of the outer diameter of the symmetrical row-sorting blade, the type of additional stubble-cutting and soil-breaking mechanism (ASSM), the radius of the side baffle notch, the length between the material hopper and the ground, and the width between the opener and the straw baffle on the straw removal rate and the blockage rate were studied. The analysis showed that the straw removal rate of the SSARD improved after optimization, and that the ASSM could cut and chop straw alternately at different rotary velocities. The ASSM could also cut the clods that accumulated on the straw baffle inside with support. The blockage rate was reduced. The response surface method was then used to determine the optimal combination of parameters for the SSARD. The results of a field verification test showed that the straw removal rate of the SSARD could reach 93.35% after optimization, representing an increase of 27.7% compared with a no-till planter without SSARD.

Keywords:
no-till sowing; anti-blocking; row-sorting of straw; seed belt cleaning; symmetrical spiral

Code	Parameters/approaches
Code	ODSB X₁/mm	ASSM X₂	RSBN X₃/mm	LMHG X₄/mm	WOSB X₅/mm
−1	150	None	240	10	100
0	200	Notched disk knife	290	30	150
1	250	Rotary tillage knife	340	50	200

Parameter	Value
Poisson’s ratio for soil	0.38
Simulation density for soil particles/(kg/m³)	1850
Shear modulus of soil/Pa	1.0×10⁶
Poisson’s ratio for straw	0.40
Simulation density for straw particles/(kg/m³)	240
Shear modulus for straw/Pa	1.0×10⁶
Soil–soil recovery coefficient	0.20
Soil–soil static friction coefficient	0.40
Soil–soil dynamic friction coefficient	0.25
Soil–straw recovery coefficient	0.30
Soil–straw static friction coefficient	0.30
Soil–straw dynamic friction coefficient	0.05
Soil–steel recovery coefficient	0.28
Soil–steel static friction coefficient	0.50
Soil–steel dynamic friction coefficient	0.04
Straw–straw recovery coefficient	0.30
Straw–straw static friction coefficient	0.30
Straw–straw dynamic friction coefficient	0.01
Straw–steel recovery coefficient	0.30
Straw–steel static friction coefficient	0.30
Straw–steel dynamic friction coefficient	0.01

Items	Parameters	Values
Straw in the field	Average length/mm	138
	Length range/mm	65–220
	Average diameter /mm	4.32
	Diameter range /mm	1–12
	Covering thickness/mm	47
	SMQ/(kg/m²)	1.63
	Moisture content/%	52.65
0–100 mm soil layer	Firmness /kPa	665.65
	Moisture content /%	21.18
	Bulk density /(g/cm³)	1.37
	Temperature /°C	17.9

Test no.	Factors					Response values
Test no.	X₁ (mm)	X ₂	X₃ (mm)	X₄ (mm)	X₅ (mm)	Y₁ (%)	Y₂ (%)
1	−1	−1	0	0	0	73.29	18.95
2	1	−1	0	0	0	89.49	16.76
3	−1	1	0	0	0	71.58	14.71
4	1	1	0	0	0	88.54	13.83
5	0	0	−1	−1	0	88.72	13.55
6	0	0	1	−1	0	83.2	17.43
7	0	0	−1	1	0	78.34	14.28
8	0	0	1	1	0	70.2	11.15
9	0	−1	0	0	−1	77.1	16.28
10	0	1	0	0	−1	73.7	13.88
11	0	−1	0	0	1	75.28	15.24
12	0	1	0	0	1	70.34	11.35
13	−1	0	−1	0	0	78.94	13.39
14	1	0	−1	0	0	91.04	12.26
15	−1	0	1	0	0	62.78	11.18
16	1	0	1	0	0	89.83	10.97
17	0	0	0	−1	−1	84.42	14.73
18	0	0	0	1	−1	78.06	13.56
19	0	0	0	−1	1	82.91	10.7
20	0	0	0	1	1	72.28	8.68
21	0	−1	−1	0	0	79.5	22.9
22	0	1	−1	0	0	79.47	11.48
23	0	−1	1	0	0	78.67	14.87
24	0	1	1	0	0	76.86	12.74
25	−1	0	0	−1	0	71.91	13.36
26	1	0	0	−1	0	92.71	12.43
27	−1	0	0	1	0	75.59	12.51
28	1	0	0	1	0	80.64	12.38
29	0	0	−1	0	−1	86.34	13.78
30	0	0	1	0	−1	79.44	10.58
31	0	0	−1	0	1	82.93	12.62
32	0	0	1	0	1	63.87	8.42
33	−1	0	0	0	−1	71.02	12.62
34	1	0	0	0	−1	85.43	13.05
35	−1	0	0	0	1	69.62	11.21
36	1	0	0	0	1	79.53	11.25
37	0	−1	0	−1	0	86.34	19.63
38	0	1	0	−1	0	83.41	15.51
39	0	−1	0	1	0	79.27	16.67
40	0	1	0	1	0	77.93	14.44
41	0	0	0	0	0	70.19	12.59
42	0	0	0	0	0	68.83	13.41
43	0	0	0	0	0	75.94	14.13
44	0	0	0	0	0	73.78	11.81
45	0	0	0	0	0	67.53	13.2
46	0	0	0	0	0	68.65	9.98

Source	Y₁ (%)				Y₂ (%)
Source	Sum of squares	Free-dom	F value	P Value	Sum of squares	Free-dom	F value	P Value
Model	2133.22	12	18.86	<0.0001**	288.26	12	15.69	<0.0001**
X ₁	937.58	1	99.45	<0.0001**	1.56	1	1.02	0.3198
X ₂	18.30	1	1.94	0.1729	69.56	1	45.42	<0.0001**
X ₃	228.24	1	24.21	<0.0001**	17.89	1	11.68	0.0017**
X ₄	234.93	1	24.92	<0.0001**	11.68	1	7.63	0.0093**
X ₅	93.85	1	9.95	0.0034**	22.59	1	14.75	0.0005**
X ₁ X ₃	55.88	1	5.93	0.0205*	/
X ₁ X ₄	62.02	1	6.58	0.0151*	/
X ₂ X ₃	/				21.58	1	14.09	0.0007**
X ₂ X ₄					0.89	1	0.58	0.4505
X ₂ X ₅					0.56	1	0.36	0.5513
X ₃ X ₄					12.29	1	8.02	0.0078**
X ₃ X ₅	36.97	1	3.92	0.0561	/
X ₁ ²	178.37	1	18.92	0.0001**	/
X ₂ ²	110.19	1	11.69	0.0017**	98.49	1	64.31	<0.0001**
X ₃ ²	166.21	1	17.63	0.0002**	/
X ₄ ²	286.80	1	30.42	<0.0001**	6.39	1	4.18	0.0491*
X ₅ ²	/				12.34	1	8.05	0.0077**
Residual	311.12	33	0.83	0.6648	50.54	33	0.66	0.7855
Lack of fit	256.26	28			39.73	28
Pure error	54.87	5			10.81	5
Cor total	2444.34	45			338.80	45

Device type	No blockage /times	Slight blockage /times	General blockage /times	Severe blockage /times
No-till planter without SSARD	0	1	1	1
Optimized without additional structure	1	2	0	0
Optimized with additional notched disk knife	3	0	0	0
Optimized with additional rotary tillage knife	3	0	0	0

Device type	Average SRR/%	Coefficient of variation
No-till planter without SSARD	73.10	9.58
Optimized without additional structure	93.35	2.38
Optimized with additional notched disk knife	90.92	2.95
Optimized with additional rotary tillage knife	91.63	3.43

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Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola - SBEA, Departamento de Engenharia - FCAV/UNESP, Via de Ac. Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, KM 05, CEP: 14884-900 , Phone: +55 (16) 3209-7619, WhatsApp: +55 (16) 98118-8978 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistasbea@sbea.org.br

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[TFN1] Note: ** means highly significant (P<0.01), * means significant (0.01<P<0.05).