Composition of Caatinga Species Under Anthropic Disturbance and Its Correlation With Rainfall Partitioning

Queiroz, Maria Gabriela de; Silva, Thieres George Freire da; Souza, Carlos André Alves de; Jardim, Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz; Araújo Júnior, George do Nascimento; Souza, Luciana Sandra Bastos de; Moura, Magna Soelma Beserra de

doi:10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2019-0044

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 28 (1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2019-0044 copy

Composition of Caatinga Species Under Anthropic Disturbance and Its Correlation With Rainfall Partitioning

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The vegetation structure is a good indicator of the conservation condition of an ecosystem, since it reflects alterations caused by anthropic action. This study proposes to analyze the phytosociological aspects of the Caatinga domain under anthropic disturbance and their correlations with hydrological variables. Twenty-five 400 m ² plots were sampled in the municipality of Floresta - PE, Brazil. Phytosociological parameters such as density, frequency and dominance were calculated. The seasonality of plant area index was analyzed for six species. The association between structural characteristics and hydrological variables (throughfall, stemflow and interception loss) in the species was evaluated by multivariate analysis. A total of 930 individuals, six families and 10 species were recorded. The abundance of the species Cenostigma pyramidale in the area may be an indicator of the degree of change in the vegetation. The structural characteristics of the species revealed little association with rainfall partitioning.

Keywords:
phytosociology; plant area index; semi-arid

Species	Throughfall	Stemflow	Interception loss
S. tuberosa	$351.85 \pm 10.18$	$4.05 \pm 0.05$	$150.31 \pm 3.28$
C. leptophloeos	$444.31 \pm 11.76$	$4.05 \pm 0.05$	$59.88 \pm 3.13$
A. pyrifolium	$412.58 \pm 11.68$	$6.01 \pm 0.25$	$89.15 \pm 3.17$
C. quercifolius	$433.53 \pm 12.63$	$3.29 \pm 0.10$	$70.59 \pm 4.18$
C. pyramidale	$413.65 \pm 11.12$	$2.65 \pm 0.14$	$90.14 \pm 3.10$

Family/Species	NI	CBL _(i)	CBH _(i)	DBL _(i)	DBH _(i)	H _(i)	BA _(i)	CA _(i)	BAA _(i)	BA _(i)
Family/Species	Units	cm	cm	mm	mm	m	cm ²	m ²	m ² ha ^-1	-
Fabaceae/ Cenostigma pyramidale (Tul.) Gagnon & Lewis	415	$23 \pm 12$	$17 \pm 12$	$7 \pm 4$	$5 \pm 4$	$4 \pm 1$	$52 \pm 63$	$4 \pm 1$	3	0.31
Apocynaceae/ Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart.	280	$20 \pm 8$	$14 \pm 7$	$6 \pm 3$	$5 \pm 2$	$3 \pm 1$	$37 \pm 38$	$3 \pm 2$	2	0.19
Euphorbiaceae / Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill.	90	$16 \pm 4$	$11 \pm 13$	$5 \pm 1$	$3 \pm 1$	$3 \pm 1$	$21 \pm 12$	$1 \pm 1$	0	0.02
Euphorbiaceae / Croton blanchetianus Baill.	75	$9 \pm 2$	$8 \pm 1$	$3 \pm 1$	$3 \pm 0$	$3 \pm 1$	$7 \pm 3$	$1 \pm 0$	0	0.01
Euphorbiaceae/ Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl	35	$51 \pm 21$	$30 \pm 16$	$16 \pm 7$	$10 \pm 5$	$5 \pm 2$	$239 \pm 167$	$9 \pm 10$	1	0.10
Anacardiaceae/ Spondias tuberosa Arruda	10	$79 \pm 23$	$59 \pm 19$	$25 \pm 7$	$19 \pm 6$	$4 \pm 0$	$506 \pm 243$	$22 \pm 12$	1	0.06
Burseraceae/ Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) Gillett	10	$113 \pm 31$	$109 \pm 42$	$36 \pm 10$	$35 \pm 13$	$6 \pm 1$	$1058 \pm 555$	$65 \pm 40$	1	0.13
Anacardiaceae/ Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão	5	$47 \pm 5$	$42 \pm 4$	$15 \pm 2$	$13 \pm 1$	$7 \pm 1$	$177 \pm 18$	$13 \pm 1$	0	0.01
Bignoniaceae / Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook.f. ex S.Moore	5	$86 \pm 9$	$71 \pm 7$	$27 \pm 3$	$22 \pm 2$	$10 \pm 1$	$589 \pm 59$	$31 \pm 3$	0	0.04
Anacardiaceae/ Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl.	5	$164 \pm 16$	$143 \pm 14$	$52 \pm 5$	$45 \pm 5$	$15 \pm 2$	$2140 \pm 214$	$98 \pm 10$	1	0.13
Σ	930	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	8	1.00
µ	38	$61 \pm 13$	$50 \pm 13$	$19 \pm 4$	$16 \pm 4$	$6 \pm 1$	$482 \pm 137$	$25 \pm 8$	1	0.10
Family/Species	Fa _(i)	Fr _(i)	Da _(i)	Dr _(i)	A _(i)	Ar _(i)	IVI _(i)	IVIr _(i)	DOa _(i)	DOr _(i)
Family/Species			Ind. ha ^-1	-	-	-	-	%	t ha ^-1
Fabaceae/ Cenostigma pyramidale (Tul.) Gagnon & Lewis	1.0	0.17	415	0.45	17	0.38	1.00	0.33	1522	0.45
Apocynaceae/ Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart.	1.0	0.17	280	0.30	11	0.26	0.73	0.24	969	0.29
Euphorbiaceae / Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill.	0.6	0.10	90	0.10	6	0.14	0.34	0.11	223	0.07
Euphorbiaceae / Croton blanchetianus Baill.	1.0	0.17	75	0.08	3	0.07	0.32	0.11	244	0.07
Euphorbiaceae/ Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl	0.8	0.14	35	0.04	2	0.04	0.22	0.07	120	0.04
Anacardiaceae/ Spondias tuberosa Arruda	0.4	0.07	10	0.01	1	0.02	0.10	0.03	62	0.02
Burseraceae/ Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) Gillett	0.4	0.07	10	0.01	1	0.02	0.10	0.03	104	0.03
Anacardiaceae/ Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão	0.2	0.03	5	0.01	1	0.02	0.06	0.02	14	0.00
Bignoniaceae / Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook.f. ex S.Moore	0.2	0.03	5	0.01	1	0.02	0.06	0.02	37	0.01
Anacardiaceae/ Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl.	0.2	0.03	5	0.01	1	0.02	0.06	0.02	79	0.02
Σ	5.8	1.00	930	1.00	44	1.00	3.00	1.00	3375	1.00
µ	0.6	0.10	93	0.10	4	0.10	0.30	0.10	338	0.10
Caatinga
TDV	CBLv	CBHv	DBLv	DBHv	Hv	BAv	CAv	BMv	H’	EH’
Ind. ha ^-1	mm	mm	mm	mm	m	m ² ha ^-1	m ²	kg ha ^-1	nats spc ^-1	-
930	$25 \pm 23$	$18 \pm 17$	$7.81 \pm 7.40$	$6 \pm 6$	$3.56 \pm 1.87$	0.04	$4.72 \pm 14.53$	$3375 \pm 88$	2.13	0.93

	Throughfall		Stemflow		Interception loss
Direct effect	DBH _(i)	-1.50	DBH _(i)	0.01	DBH _(i)	1.52
Indirect effect	SHF _(i)	0.06	SHF _(i)	-0.01	SHF _(i)	-0.06
Indirect effect	H _(i)	0.05	H _(i)	-0.05	H _(i)	-0.05
Indirect effect	BM _(i)	1.69	BM _(i)	-0.44	BM _(i)	-1.70
-	Total r	0.30	Total r	-0.48	Total r	-0.28
Direct effect	SHF _(i)	-0.19	SHF _(i)	0.02	SHF _(i)	0.19
Indirect effect	DBH _(i)	0.44	DBH _(i)	-0.00	DBH _(i)	-0.45
Indirect effect	H _(i)	-0.03	H _(i)	0.02	H _(i)	0.03
Indirect effect	BM _(i)	-0.41	BM _(i)	0.10	BM _(i)	0.40
-	Total r	-0.19	Total r	0.15	Total r	0.18
Direct effect	H _(i)	0.15	H _(i)	-0.12	H _(i)	-0.14
Indirect effect	DBH _(i)	-0.56	DBH _(i)	0.00	DBH _(i)	0.57
Indirect effect	SHF _(i)	0.04	SHF _(i)	-0.01	SHF _(i)	-0.04
Indirect effect	BM _(i)	0.45	BM _(i)	-0.12	BM _(i)	-0.45
-	Total r	0.08	Total r	-0.24	Total r	-0.06
Direct effect	BM _(i)	1.78	BM _(i)	-0.46	BM _(i)	-1.78
Indirect effect	DBH _(i)	-1.43	DBH _(i)	0.00	DBH _(i)	1.44
Indirect effect	SHF _(i)	0.04	SHF _(i)	-0.01	SHF _(i)	-0.04
Indirect effect	H _(i)	0.04	H _(i)	-0.03	H _(i)	-0.04
-	Total r	0.43	Total r	-0.48	Total r	-
r ²	-	0.35	-	0.25	-	0.35
Residual	-	0.80	-	0.86	-	0.80

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[1] CORRESPONDENCE TOThieres George Freire da Silva Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Avenida Gregório Ferraz Nogueira, S/N, Bairro José Tomé de Souza Ramos, CEP 56.909-535, Serra Talhada, PE, Brasil. E-mail: thieres_freire@yahoo.com.br