Seed Germination and Seedling Vigor of <i>Magonia pubescens</i>

Arantes, Cárita Rodrigues de Aquino; Fava, Carmen Lúcia Ferreira; Camili, Elisangela Clarete; Scaramuzza, Walcylene Lacerda Matos Pereira

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.046716

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Original Article, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 26 (4) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.046716 copy

Seed Germination and Seedling Vigor of Magonia pubescens

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The timbó (Magonia pubescens A. St.-Hil.) is a tree species of the family Sapindaceae occurring naturally in the Cerrados of Central Brazil. The objective of this study is to verify the influence of seed size, pre-soaking time in water and seedling production containers in the development of timbó seedlings. The experiment was completely randomized with a 2 × 3 × 2 factorial design (two seed sizes, three pre-soaking times in water and two seedling production containers) with four replicates composed of six containers, each containing one seed. Large seeds presented a better germination and a greater expressiveness of the characteristics evaluated in seedlings. The pre-soaking of seeds did not interfere with the final percentage of germination. However, it accelerated the germination process, favoring the formation of normal seedlings. The polyethylene bag favored base diameter, length and root fresh matter.

Keywords:
Sapindaceae; species of natural occurrence; native plant

		Germination (%)			MGT (days)
		Seed size			Seed size
Container	Soaking time	Small	Large	Average germination	Small	Large	Average MGT
Polyethylene bag	0	100 aA*	96 aA	98 A	14.28 aC	13.58 aC	13.93 C
	12	92 bB	100 aA	96 A	8.80 aA	8.78 aA	8.79 A
	24	96 aA	100 aA	98 A	11.03 aB	11.25 aB	11.14 B
Mean		96 a	99 a		11.37 a	11.20 a
Tube	0	100 aA	96 aA	98 A	12.75 aB	13.50 aB	13.13 B
	12	100 aA	100 aA	100 A	10.38 aA	11.70 aA	11.04 A
	24	92 bA	100 aA	96 A	11.03 aB	13.38 bB	12.20 B
Mean		97 a	99 a		11.38 a	12.86 a
Mean size		96 a	99 a		11.38 a	12.03 a
CV (%)		5.99			12.61

		Height (cm)			Base diameter (mm)
		Seed size			Seed size
Container	Soaking time	Small	Large	Average container	Small	Large	Average container
Polyethylene bag	0	6.77 aA*	7.11aA	7.21 A	2.97 bA	3.25 aA	3.25 A
	12	6.72 bA	8.22 aA	7.21 A	3.12 bA	3.49 aA	3.25 A
	24	7.12 aA	7.33 aA	7.21 A	3.28 aA	3.38 aA	3.25 A
Mean		6.87 b	7.55 a		3.12 b	3.37 a
Tube	0	7.35 aA	7.18 aA	6.90 A	3.13 aA	3.19 aA	3.12 B
	12	6.86 aA	6.54 aA	6.90 A	3.03 aA	3.23 aA	3.12 B
	24	5.76 bB	7.74 aA	6.90 A	2.83 bA	3.32 aA	3.12 B
Mean		6.66 a	7.15 a		2.99 b	3.25 a
Average size
				Average soaking time			Average soaking time
Average 0 h		7.06 a	7.14 a	7.10 A	3.05 a	3.22 a	3.13 A
Average 12 h		6.79 a	7.38 a	7.08 A	3.08 b	3.36 a	3.20 A
Average 24 h		6.44 b	7.54 a	6.99 A	3.05 b	3.35 a	3.22 A
CV (%)		11.09			5.72

		Number of leaves			Length of longest root (cm)
		Seed size			Seed size
Container	Soaking time	Small	Large	Average container	Small	Large	Average container
Polyethylene bag	0	2.25 aA*	2.53 aA	2.36 A	18.85 bB	21.23 aA	20.94 A
	12	2.15 bA	2.51 aA	2.36 A	22.02 aA	22.05 aA	20.94 A
	24	2.32 aA	2.39 aA	2.36 A	21.14 aA	20.35 aA	20.94 A
Mean		2.24 b	2.47 a		20.67 a	21.21 a
Tube	0	2.13 aA	2.43 aA	2.27 A	19.32 aA	18.68 aA	19.16 B
	12	2.34 aA	2.35 aA	2.27 A	19.56 aA	19.25 aA	19.16 B
	24	2.09 aA	2.31 aA	2.27 A	19.22 aA	18.95 aA	19.16 B
Mean		2.18 a	2.36 a		19.37 a	18.96 a
Average size
				Average soaking time			Average soaking time
Average 0 h		2.19 b	2.48 a	2.33 A	19.08 a	19.95 a	19.52 A
Average 12 h		2.24 a	2.43 a	2.34 A	20.79 a	20.65 a	20.72 A
Average 24 h		2.20 a	2.35 a	2.28 A	20.18 a	19.65 a	19.91 A
CV (%)		9.52			9.04

		Shoot fresh matter (g)			Root fresh matter (g)
		Seed size			Seed size
Container	Soaking time	Small	Large	Average container	Small	Large	Average container
Polyethylene bag	0	1.74 bB*	2.38 aB	2.38 A	0.51 aB	0.66 aB	0.72 A
	12	2.37 bA	3.02 aA	2.38 A	0.78 aA	0.93 aA	0.72 A
	24	2.28 aA	2.51 aB	2.38 A	0.70 aA	0.76 aB	0.72 A
Mean		2.13 b	2.64 a		0.66 a	0.78 a
Tube	0	2.22 aA	2.35 aA	2.26 A	0.56 aA	0.44 aB	0.58 B
	12	2.32 aA	2.23 aA	2.26 A	0.58 aA	0.72 aA	0.58 B
	24	1.86 bA	2.57 aA	2.26 A	0.56 aA	0.63 aA	0.58 B
Mean		2.13 a	2.38 a		0.57 a	0.59 a
Average size
				Average soaking time			Average soaking time
Average 0 h		1.98 b	2.36 a	2.17 B	0.54 a	0.55 a	0.54 B
Average 12 h		2.34 a	2.62 a	2.48 A	0.68 a	0.82 a	0.75 A
Average 24 h		2.07 b	2.54 a	2.30 A	0.63 a	0.69 a	0.66 A
CV (%)		14.43			22.48

		Shoot dry matter (g)			Root dry matter (g)
		Seed size			Seed size
Container	Soaking time	Small	Large	Average container	Small	Large	Average container
Polyethylene bag	0	0.49 aB*	0.65 aB	0.75 A	0.14 aB	0.18 aA	0.21 A
	12	0.81 bA	1.03 aA	0.75 A	0.25 aA	0.26 aA	0.21 A
	24	0.74 aA	0.79 aB	0.75 A	0.22 aA	0.21 aA	0.21 A
Mean		0.68 b	0.83 a		0.20 a	0.22 a
Tube	0	0.69 aA	0.72 aA	0.73 A	0.20 aA	0.18 aB	0.22 A
	12	0.80 aA	0.76 aA	0.73 A	0.24 aA	0.28 aA	0.22 A
	24	0.57 bA	0.82 aA	0.73 A	0.20 aA	0.21 aB	0.22 A
Mean		0.69 a	0.77 a		0.21 a	0.22 a
Average size
				Average soaking time			Average soaking time
Average 0 h		0.59 a	0.69 a	0.64 B	0.17 a	0.18 a	0.18 B
Average 12 h		0.81 a	0.89 a	0.85 A	0.24 a	0.27 a	0.25 A
Average 24 h		0.65 b	0.81 a	0.73 B	0.21 a	0.21 a	0.21 B
CV (%)		18.06			24.69

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[1] CORRESPONDENCE TO Cárita Rodrigues de Aquino Arantes Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2.367, Boa Esperança, CEP 78060-900, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil e-mail: carita.rodrigues@hotmail.com