This paper discusses the data analysis process around seven critical topics: a) Distinguishing between a statistical model, a statistical technique and a statistical receipt; b) Sampling and Design's implications for statistical validity; c) Complementarities and distinctions between data description and hypothesis testing; d) How statistical hypothesis are framed by the statistical model and vice versa; e) relevance of preliminary analysis of data; f) Fisher's and Neyman-Pearson'sperspectives of statistical inference; g) Data presentation as a communication matter.
data analysis; statistic; hypothesis testing; data communication