Green manure with fabaceous species in monoculture or intercropped with corn in the organic cultivation of pumpkin in succession

Goulart, Jhonatan M; Espindola, José Antonio A; Guerra, José Guilherme M; Rouws, Janaína RC; Sant’Anna, Selenobaldo AC de; Araújo, Ednaldo da S

doi:10.1590/s0102-0536-20220410

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Research • Hortic. Bras. 40 (4) • Oct-Dec 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220410 copy

Green manure with fabaceous species in monoculture or intercropped with corn in the organic cultivation of pumpkin in succession

Adubação verde com espécies de fabáceas em monocultivo ou consorciadas ao milho no cultivo orgânico de abóbora

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate, in three consecutive cycles, the phytotechnical performance of herbaceous fabaceous plants cultivated in monocropping or intercropped with corn and the pumpkin productivity in succession. The statistical design was of randomized blocks in a factorial arrangement 2 (monocropping or intercropping) x 3 (fabaceous species) + 1 (corn monocropping). The treatments consisted of gray velvet bean monocropping; gray velvet bean intercropped with corn; sunn hemp monocropping; sunn hemp intercropped with corn; jack bean monocropping; jack bean intercropped with corn and corn monocropping. After cutting the fabaceous and corn, Itapuã 301 pumpkin cultivar was planted. The authors verified that fabaceous monocropping reached higher dry biomass productivities, especially sunn hemp in the first and second years and provided greater accumulation of N, P and K. In the first year, fabaceous pre-cropping, regardless of the arrangement, provided an increase in pumpkin productivity up to 165.87% higher comparing with corn pre-cropping, whereas in the second and third years, no pumpkin production associated with corn monocropping was observed. The three Fabaceae species showed potential to be used as green manure in pumpkin growing when compared with corn pre-cropping.

Keywords:
Cucurbita moschata; Crotalaria juncea; Canavalia ensiformis; Mucuna pruriens; Zea mays

Management	Fabaceous plant’s shoot dry biomass
Management	1^st year	2^nd year	3^rd year
Monocropping	11.037 A	6.106 A	10.796 A
Intercropping	5.279 B	4.182 B	3.160 B
Fabaceous
Sunn hemp	11.908 A	9.071 A	8.092 A
Jack bean	6.828 B	3.428 B	8.114 A
Gray velvet bean	5.737 B	2.934 B	4.727 B
Interaction M x F	0.6031	0.2112	0.8801
CV (%)	18.75	18.20	27.00
	Corn plant’s dry biomass
Monocropping	4.922 A	2.810 A	3.272 A
C. Sunn hemp	4.523 A	2.443 A	2.391 A
C. Jack bean	5.359 A	2.714 A	2.807 A
C. Gray velvet bean	3.680 A	2.475 A	1.863 A
CV (%)	42.19	19.35	30.70

Management	Fabaceous plant’s nutrient contents
	1^st year
	N	P	K	Ca	Mg
Monocropping	28.4 A	2.44 A	14.97A	9.63 A	3.01 A
Intercropping	28.5 A	2.24 A	14.71A	10.06 A	2.72 A
Fabaceous
Sunn hemp	19.4 C	2.00 A	12.29 B	7.20 B	3.23 A
Jack bean	30.5 B	2.42 A	16.97 A	16.13 A	3.28 A
Gray velvet bean	37.0 A	2.59 A	15.26 A	6.21 B	2.08 B
Interaction M x F	0.1982	0.6022	0.5642	0.8211	0.5711
CV (%)	13.00	25.30	15.20	36.00	23.80
	2^nd year
Monocropping	31.8A	2.21A	14.85A	15.19B	4.53 A
Intercropping	33.9A	2.46A	16.20A	17.74A	4.16 A
Fabaceous
Sunn hemp	23.1 B	2.09 B	16.04 A	7.42 B	4.26 B
Jack bean	35.2 A	2.06 B	15.31 A	32.50 A	5.70 A
Gray velvet bean	40.2 A	2.86 A	15.22 A	9.52 B	3.07 B
Interaction M x F	0.4144	0.6565	0.5174	0.1690	0.2917
CV (%)	13.90	13.30	15.90	13.10	22.90
	3^rd year
Monocropping	33.0 A	2.19 A	13.63 A	10.31 A	4.25 A
Intercropping	30.4 A	2.28 A	10.97 A	10.11 A	2.66 B
Fabaceous
Sunn hemp	24.0 C	1.89 B	12.50 A	7.82 B	3.34 A
Jack bean	31.2 B	2.02 B	12.32 A	15.01 A	4.49 A
Gray velvet bean	39.8 A	2.81 A	12.09 A	7.79 B	2.53 A
Interaction M x F	0.5497	0.1326	0.0589	0.0557	0.0947
CV (%)	9.60	15.05	24.70	21.05	33.00

Management	Nutrients accumulation in biomass of fabaceous plants
	1^st year
	N	P	K
Monocropping	307.93 A	26.53 A	162.18 A
Intercropping	127.60 B	10.61 B	71.40 B
Fabaceous
Sunn hemp	229.20 A	24.15 A	148.37 A
Jack bean	214.18 A	16.69 A	116.15 B
Gray velvet bean	209.92 A	14.71 A	85.85 B
Interaction M x F	0.0966	0.9541	0.7761
CV (%)	25.70	39.70	24.36
	2^nd year
Monocropping	175.55 A	13.01 A	93.61 A
Intercropping	120.39 B	9.64 B	66.66 B
Fabaceous
Sunn hemp	210.68 A	18.89 A	145.70 A
Jack bean	118.83 B	6.80 B	49.62 B
Gray velvet bean	114.90 B	8.29 B	45.09 B
Interaction M x F	0.1339	0.1312	0.1247
CV (%)	18.35	14.65	21.07
	3^rd year
Monocropping	348.96 A	23.39 A	149.07 A
Intercropping	86.12 B	6.37 B	35.77 B
Fabaceous
Sunn hemp	201.46 A	16.07 A	113.16 A
Jack bean	256.41 A	26.02 A	97.35 A
Gray velvet bean	194.76 A	12.55 A	66.76 A
Interaction M x F	0.1972	0.2931	0.1718
CV (%)	28.35	30.80	35.60

Management	Ca accumulation
Management	Gray velvet bean	Sunn hemp	Jack bean	General average
	1^st year
Monocropping	45.29 Ac	95.68 Ab	159.83 Aa	120.27 A
Intercropping	16.78 Ab	71.66 Aa	58.33 Ba	48.92 B
General average	31.04 c	83.67 b	109.08 a
CV (%)	23.80
	2^nd year
Monocropping	31.28 Ac	64.65 Ab	132.69 Aa	76.20A
Intercropping	24.14 Ab	64.82 Aa	83.32 Ba	57.43 B
General average	27.71 c	64.74 b	108.01 a
CV (%)	24.66
	3^rd year
Monocropping	82.57 Ab	72.39 Ab	182.20 Aa	112.39 A
Intercropping	3.87 Ba	44.09 Aa	65.45 Ba	37.80 B
General average	43.22 b	58.24 b	123.82 a
CV (%)	35.75
	Mg accumulation
	1^st year
Monocropping	19.24 Ab	46.19 Aa	35.61 Aa	38.68 A
Intercropping	4.66 Bb	30.57 Ba	10.93 Bb	15.38 B
General average	11.95 c	38.38 a	23.27 b
CV (%)	27.70
	2^nd year
Monocropping	10.51 Ac	42.28 Aa	28.41 Ab	27.06 A
Intercropping	7.56 Ab	33.90 Aa	11.62 Bb	17.69 B
General average	9.04 c	38.09 a	20.01 b
CV (%)	26.25
	3^rd year
Monocropping	25.13 Ac	43.49 Ab	66.21 Aa	44.95 A
Intercropping	1.33 Ba	13.72 Ba	12.52 Ba	9.19 B
General average	13.24 c	28.60 b	39.37 a
CV (%)	28.95

Management	Pumpkin production
Management	1^st year	2^nd year	3^rd year
Monocropping	17.631 A	20.490 A	8.331 A
Intercropping	17.403 A	14.422 B	8.002 A
Fabaceous
Sunn hemp	16.999 A	19.980 A	6.451 A
Jack bean	19.163 A	15.073 A	10.596 A
Gray velvet bean	13.389 A	17.316 A	7.452 A
Interaction M x F	0.8345	0.1093	0.6711
CV (%)	23.70	17.00	36.20

Pre-cropping	Pumpkin production
Pre-cropping	1^st year	2^nd year	3^rd year
Gray velvet bean	16.124^&	22.602***	8.499*
Sunn hemp	17.951*	21.313***	6.038^&
Jack bean	18.816*	17.557***	10.455**
Gray velvet bean + corn	16.653^&	12.031***	6.403^&
Crotalaria+corn	16.047^&	18.647***	6.865*
J. bean +corn	19.508*	12.589***	10.737**
Corn monocropping	7.077	0.00	0.00
CV (%)	25.39	18.27	40.26

Associação Brasileira de Horticultura Embrapa Hortaliças, C. Postal 218, 70275-970 Brasília-DF, Tel. (61) 3385 9099, Tel. (81) 3320 6064, www.abhorticultura.com.br - Vitoria da Conquista - BA - Brazil
E-mail: associacaohorticultura@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[TFN1] C = intercropping. Averages followed by same letters in the same column do not differ from each other by F test. Analysis of variance, for management and Scott-Knott test for fabaceous plants, at 5% probability.