Nitrogen supply to arugula from pig slurry composts in contrasting soils

Monteiro, Luanna C; Aita, Celso; Schirmann, Janquieli; Pujol, Stefen B; Mezzalira, Ana Paula; Paust, Kathleen da S; Freiberg, Cristian Mateus; Giacomini, Diego Antônio; Giacomini, Sandro José

doi:10.1590/S0102-053620190407

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Research • Hortic. Bras. 37 (4) • Oct-Dec 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620190407 copy

Nitrogen supply to arugula from pig slurry composts in contrasting soils

Fornecimento de nitrogênio à rúcula por compostos de dejetos de suínos em solos com características contrastantes

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study was developed to evaluate nitrogen (N) supply to arugula from composts produced by automated composting of pig slurry (PS). During the composting process, retorted oil shale (ROS) and dicyandiamide (DCD) were added to PS to mitigate gaseous N losses. The study was developed in a greenhouse where four treatments were evaluated, three with compost addition (PS compost, PS compost + ROS, and PS compost + ROS + DCD) and one without compost (control) in two contrasting soils (clayey and sandy-loam). The best result was obtained with the compost without additives (PS compost), which increased the arugula dry matter yield 2.2 times in clayey soil and 6.1 times in sandy-loam soil compared to the control treatment. The presence of ROS in composts reduced arugula dry matter yield in 27% in clayey soil and 35% in sandy-loam, while DCD did not affect arugula dry matter yield. The results of this study show that the addition of ROS to PS during composting reduces N supply to arugula, both in the immediate (first cut) and residual effect (second cut).

Keywords:
Eruca sativa; automated composting; retorted oil shale; dicyandiamide

Treatments	DM	Total C	Total N	NH₄ ⁺-N	NO₃ ^--N	C/N	pH
Treatments	(g kg^-1)					C/N	pH
PS Compost	335.0	378.4	26.9	0.41	NO₃ ^--N	0.022	14.1	6.6
PS Compost + ROS	525.0	257.9	11.0	0.15	0.002	23.4	6.4
PS Compost + ROS + DCD	522.0	231.9	12.0	0.17	0.001	19.3	7.8
Clayey soil	Application dose
Clayey soil	(g/pot)			(mg/pot)
PS Compost	204.5	77.4	5.5	83.8	4.5
PS Compost + ROS	500.0	129.0	5.5	75.0	1.0
PS Compost + ROS + DCD	458.3	106.3	5.5	77.9	0.5
Sandy-loam soil
PS Compost	241.7	91.4	6.5	99.1	5.3
PS Compost + ROS	590.9	152.4	6.5	88.6	1.2
PS Compost + ROS + DCD	541.6	125.6	6.5	92.1	0.6

Treatments	Fresh matter (g/pot)			Dry matter (g/pot)
	1^st cut	2^nd cut	Total	1^st cut	2^nd cut		Total
	Leaves	Leaves	Total	Leaves	Leaves	Roots	Total
Clayey soil
Control (A)	16.42 a	20.89 a	37.31 a	1.21 a	1.40 a	0.38 a	2.99 a
PS Compost (B)	44.17 a	36.40 a	80.57 a	3.38 a	2.74 a	0.60 a	6.72 a
PS Compost + ROS (C)	37.97 a	15.10 a	53.08 a	3.09 a	1.08 a	0.56 a	4.73 a
PS Compost+ ROS + DCD (D)	36.58 a	19.24 a	55.82 a	3.11 a	1.44 a	0.47 a	5.02 a
Contrasts	(p value)
A vs. B, C, D	<0.01	0.04	<0.01	<0.01	0.03	<0.01	<0.01
B vs. C, D	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.14	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
C vs. D	0.19	0.01	0.07	0.94	0.07	0.01	0.26
Sandy-loam soil
Control (A)	7.59 b	2.60 b	10.19 b	0.48 b	0.28 b	0.06 b	0.82 b
PS Compost (B)	43.48 a	23.40 b	66.88 b	2.98 a	1.79 b	0.26 b	5.03 b
PS Compost + ROS (C)	26.43 b	11.83 b	38.26 b	1.99 b	0.91 a	0.20 b	3.10 b
PS Compost+ ROS + DCD (D)	27.76 b	15.15 b	42.91 b	2.11 b	1.29 a	0.18 b	3.58 b
Contrasts	(p value)
A vs. B, C, D	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
B vs. C, D	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.02	<0.01
C vs. D	0.21	0.03	<0.01	0.57	0.06	0.66	0.07

Treatments	N accumulation (mg/pot)				ANR
	1^st cut	2^nd cut		Total	1^st cut	2^nd cut¹
	Leaves	Leaves	Roots	Total	1^st cut	2^nd cut¹
Clayey soil	(%)
Control (A)	74.2 a	79.5 a	9.6 a	163.3 a	-	-
PS Compost (B)	197.3 a	103.6 a	14.3 a	315.2 a	2.2 a	0.5 a
PS Compost + ROS (C)	151.7 a	25.1 a	12.3 a	189.1 a	1.4 a	-0.9 b
PS Compost + ROS + DCD (D)	158.3 a	39.3 a	10.1 a	207.7 a	1.5 a	-0.7 b
Contrasts	(p value)
A vs. B, C, D	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	-	-
B vs. C, D	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
C vs. D	0.60	0.08	0.02	0.21	0.51	0.12
Sandy-loam soil	(mg N/pot)				(%)
Control (A)	22.2 b	12.6 b	1.2 b	36.0 b	-	-
PS Compost (B)	172.2 a	58.7 b	7.1 b	238.0 b	2.3 a	0.8 a
PS Compost + ROS (C)	87.5 b	24.1 a	3.9 b	115.5 b	1.0 b	0.2 a
PS Compost + ROS + DCD (D)	89.5 b	39.0 a	4.2 b	132.7 b	1.0 b	0.5 a
Contrasts	(p value)
A vs. B, C, D	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	-	-
B vs. C, D	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
C vs. D	0.87	0.07	0.72	0.24	0.88	0.09

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[TFN1] DM= dry matter; ROS= retorted oil shale; DCD= dicyandiamide.