Abstract
Background
Increasing thoracic expansion is effective at reducing blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. Yoga prescribes many respiratory techniques with a growing number of practitioners. However, very little is known whether sedentary or yoga practitioners show measurable differences in their respiratory patterns.
Objective
This study aims to demonstrate differences between healthy sedentary individuals and healthy yoga practitioners regarding maximal respiratory pressures and thoracic and abdominal respiratory expansibility.
Methods
Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively) were evaluated by manovacuometry, while respiratory expansion was assessed by the cirtometry of abdominal (CA), thoracic xiphoidal (CTX), and thoracic axillary (CTA) circumferences at rest (end expiratory moment) and at full inspiration in healthy sedentary individuals (SED) and yoga practitioners (YOGA). A delta derived from rest and full inspiration measures (ΔCA, ΔCTX, and ΔCTA, respectively), followed by a percentage of each item (ΔCA/CA, ΔCTX/CTX, and ΔCTA/CTA) was then calculated. Groups were compared by means of an unpaired Student’s t-test, with a significance level p < 0.05.
Results
All respiratory expansion measures were significantly higher in in the YOGA group. A significantly higher MEP (cmH2O) was also detected in yoga practitioners: SED 89.3 ± 19.3 and YOGA 114.7 ± 24.8 ( p = 0.007), along with decreased heart rate at rest (bpm): SED 84±6 and YOGA 74±15 ( p = 0.001).
Conclusions
Yoga practitioners have shown greater thoracic and abdominal expansion and increased MEP, when compared to healthy sedentary individuals, as well as significantly lower heart rates at rest and body mass index (BMI). However, whether or not these findings are related to respiratory patterns is uncertain.
Yoga; Breathing Exercises; Sedentarism; Maximal Respiratory Pressures; Heart Rate; Blood Pressure