The importance of Lauraceae fruits has been reported on the diet of several birds, mainly from the Ramphastidae, Cotingidae and Trogonidae families. The objectives of this study were to determine which birds consume the fruits of Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez (Lauraceae) in a deciduous seasonal forest and, based on the analysis of some of the qualitative and quantitative dispersal components, infer which birds can act as dispersers of the seeds. The study was carried out at the Campo de Instrução de Santa Maria (CISM) (29º43'S, 53º42'W), in the vicinity of Santa Maria, in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. In a total of 70 hours of focal observation, 726 visits of 21 bird species were registered. The birds considered as potential dispersers of N. megapotamica were Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818, T. rufiventris Vieillot, 1818, Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) and T. amaurochalinus Cabanis, 1850 among the residents, and Tyrannus savanna Vieillot, 1808 and Myiodynastes maculatus (Müller, 1766) among the migratory ones. Generalist birds seemed to enhance the dispersal of N. megapotamica, since they consumed the entire fruits, realized short visits (shorter than 3 minutes) and presented high frequency of visits which, in turn, is related to a higher rate of fruit removal. Nectandra megapotamica shows features that allow it to be included in the generalist dispersal system, except for the high nutritional level of its seeds.
Nectandra megapotamica; Lauraceae; frugivory; birds; deciduous seasonal forest
