A retropharyngeal neurinome, occurring in a Portuguese, male, aged 50 is reported. The tumour of slow growth (about six years) was single, measures about 6,5 - 5 - 4,5 cms., and occupies the retropharyngeal space. It contains several quite large cavities filled by pus at the autopsy, while in the living subject they apparently filled by arterial blood, as shown by arteriography as well as by several exploratory punctures. The structure presents interlacing fibers between which lie regular, long, tortuous, apparently free nuclei. The Ieddeloh stain for muscle tissue was negative. An origin from the superior sympathetic ganglion is suggested, but was not proved.