Blood pressure and cardiac autonomic modulation at rest, during exercise and recovery time in the young overweight

Araújo, Jaqueline Alves de; Tricot, Gabriel Kolesny; Arsa, Gisela; Queiroz, Marilene Gonçalves; Santos, Kamila Meireles dos; Dias, André Rodrigues Lourenço; Souza, Katrice Almeida de; Cambri, Lucieli Teresa

doi:10.1590/S1980-65742016000100004

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Articles • Motriz: rev. educ. fis. 22 (1) • Mar 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742016000100004 copy

Blood pressure and cardiac autonomic modulation at rest, during exercise and recovery time in the young overweight

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Abstract

This study aimed to assess the blood pressure (BP), cardiac autonomic modulation at rest, in physical exercise and in the recovery in untrained eutrophic (E) and overweight (O) youth. The body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic BP-SBP (E: 109.80 ± 10.05; O: 121.85 ± 6.98 mmHg) and diastolic BP - DBP (E: 65.90 ± 7.28; O: 73.14 ± 12.22 mmHg) were higher in overweight and the heart rate recovery (%HRR) was lower as compared with E volunteers. The BMI was associated with SBP (r= 0.54), DBP (r= 0.65), load on the heart rate variability threshold - HRVT (r= -0.46), %HRR ^2' (r= -0.48) and %HRR ^5' (r= -0.48), and WC was associated with SBP (r= 0.54), DBP (r= 0.64) and HRR ^2' (r= -0.49). The %HRR was associated to SBP, DBP and HRVT. In summary, the anthropometric variables, BP and cardiac autonomic modulation in the recovery are altered in overweight youth.

Keywords:
obesity; heart rate variability; aerobic fitness; heart rate recovery

	Eutrophic (n = 10)	Overweight (n = 11)
Age (years)	21.34 ± 1.90	21.66 ± 1.81
BMI (kg.m^-2)	22.46 ± 1.83	30.03 ± 2.78^*
Waist circumference (cm)	76.02 ± 3.04	95.83 ± 6.41^*
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	109.80 ± 10.05	121.85 ± 6.98^*
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	65.90 ± 7.28	73.14 ± 12.22^#
Heart rate (bpm)	73.65 ± 10.11	78.05 ± 12.72
SD1 (ms)	27.33 ± 10.41	22.72 ± 15.67
SD2 (ms)	75.47 ± 22.82	65.26 ± 28.56
RMSSD (ms)	38.59 ± 14.71	32.08 ± 22.13
pNN50 (%)	17.31 ± 13.09	13.01 ± 17.29

	Eutrophic (n = 10)	Overweight (n = 11)
Peak load (W)	198.43 ± 32.10	210.00 ± 20.64
HRVT (W)	103.50 ± 34.96	71.67 ± 42.94
HRVT (%)	52.98 ± 17.64	37.79 ± 20.67
Peak heart rate (bpm)	196.40 ± 10.88	199.80 ± 10.30
Heart rate HRVT (bpm)	138.90 ± 13.80	131.89 ± 8.91
Heart rate HRVT (%)	70.97 ± 8.57	66.24 ± 5.34
HRR₁ (%)	15.16 ± 3.19	10.64 ± 4.88^*
HRR₂ (%)	23.79 ± 3.24	18.31 ± 4.38^*
HRR₃ (%)	28.65 ± 3.64	23.64 ± 5.96^*
HRR₄ (%)	31.55 ± 3.34	26.77 ± 6.56
HRR₅ (%)	36.05 ± 10.94	27.67 ± 6.44^#

n = 21	Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	Heart rate (bpm)	HRVT (W)
BMI (kg.m^-2)	0.54^†	0.65^†	0.26	-0.46^†
Waist circumference (cm)	0.54^†	0.64^†	0.34	-0.38
Heart rate (bpm)	0.34	0.37	-	-
SD1 (ms)	-0.35	-0.39	-0.64^‡	0.66^‡
SD2 (ms)	-0.46^†	-0.42	-0.56^†	0.60^†
RMSSD (ms)	-0.34	-0.39	-0.62^‡	0.65^‡
pNN50 (%)	-0.38	-0.43	-0.59^‡	0.67^‡
HRVT (W)	-0.34	-0.46^†	-0.57^†	-

n = 21	Systolic blood pressure	Diastolic blood pressure	HRVT
HRR₁ (%)	-0.45	-0.34	-0.17
HRR₂ (%)	-0.63^†	-0.60^†	-0.34
HRR₃ (%)	-0.51^†	-0.53^†	0.52^†
HRR₄ (%)	-0.20	-0.33	0.48^‡
HRR₅ (%)	-0.43	-0.54^‡	0.47^‡

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E-mail: motriz.rc@unesp.br

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[1] Corresponding author Lucieli Teresa Cambri Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, nº 2367 - Bairro Boa Esperança. Cuiabá - MT, 78060-900, Brazil. Email: lucambri@yahoo.com.br