Factors associated with basketball field goals made in the 2014 NBA finals

Ciampolini, Vitor; Ibáñez, Sérgio José; Nunes, Eduardo Leal Goulart; Borgatto, Adriano Ferreti; Nascimento, Juarez Vieira do

doi:10.1590/S1980-6574201700040008

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Original Article • Motriz: rev. educ. fis. 23 (04) • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-6574201700040008 copy

Factors associated with basketball field goals made in the 2014 NBA finals

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

AIMS

The main objective of this study was to analyze the factors that preceded field goals made in the 2014 NBA finals considering the number of passes per offense, shooting conditions, and offense type variables.

METHODS

We assessed field goals attempted by 27 professional players that participated in the 2014 NBA finals. Data were collected by three researchers through an adapted version of the Technical-Tactical Performance Evaluation Tool in Basketball to systematically analyze all five games of those finals. Descriptive analysis consisted in absolute and relative frequency and inferential statistics were applied through Chi-Square test, Cohen’s D for effect size, and binary logistic regression test. Significance levels were set at 5% and all statistics were applied through SPSS 23.0.

RESULTS

Shooting efficacy was not associated with the number of passes made per offense. Regression statistics showed that shooting efficacy was highly associated with shooting condition rather than the offense type performed. However, fast breaks seem to lead to better shooting conditions (passively guarded and wide open) when compared to set and regained offenses.

CONCLUSION

Evidence pointed to the importance of shooting condition as a determining factor in increasing the probability of field goals made throughout the games analyzed.

Keywords
notational analysis; playoff; sports performance; binary logistic regression

Shooting Efficacy	Number of Passes						Total	p-value^a a Chi-Square test.	Effect Size
	0 to 1 Pass		2 to 3 Passes		4 to 8 Passes		Total
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n
Missed/Blocked	91	48.7	104	50.7	65	48.1	260	0.874	0.023
Made	96	51.3	101	49.3	70	51.9	266
Total	187	100	205	100	135	100	527

Offense Type	Shooting Condition						Total	p-value^a a Chi-Square test.	Effect Size
	Pressured		Passively Guarded		Wide Open		Total
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n
Set Offense	342	64.9	116	22.0	69	13.1	527	0.006	0.141
Fast Break	23	41.8	17	30.9	15	27.3	55
Regained Offense	87	64.0	34	25.0	15	11.0	136
Total	452	62.9	167	23.3	99	13.8	718

Variables	Crude Analysis		Adjusted Analysis
Variables	OR (CI95%)	p-value	OR (CI95%)	p-value
Offense Type		0.049		0.103
Set	1.38 (0.94 ; 2.02)		1.39 (0.95 ; 2.04)
Fast Break	2.18 (1.15 ; 4.13)		1.91 (0.99 ; 3.66)
Regained	1		1
Shooting Condition		<0.001		0.001
Pressured	1		1
Passively Guarded	1.75 (1.22 ; 2.50)		1.73 (1.21 ; 2.48)
Wide Open	2.11 (1.35 ; 3.30)		2.02 (1.29 ; 3.19)

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[1] Corresponding author: Vitor Ciampolini, Master’s Student. Postgraduate Program in Physical Education. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos - Laboratório de Pedagogia do Esporte. R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira s/n, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC. vciampolini@gmail.com

Offense Types	Set Offense	Characterized by all offensive players present on frontcourt and the opposing team being completely established on their backcourt(²¹21 De Rose Junior D. Modalidades esportivas coletivas: o Basquetebol [Team sports: Basketball]. In: De Rose Junior D, editor. Modalidades Esportivas Coletivas [Team Sports]. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara Koogan; 2006. p. 113-27.). We considered set offenses those where the team had 24 seconds of ball possession and started the offense from the backcourt.
	Fast Break	A speed-based offense in which the team in possession of the ball shoots quickly before the opposing team can establish its defense after a defensive transition(²¹21 De Rose Junior D. Modalidades esportivas coletivas: o Basquetebol [Team sports: Basketball]. In: De Rose Junior D, editor. Modalidades Esportivas Coletivas [Team Sports]. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara Koogan; 2006. p. 113-27.).
	Regained Offense	All other offense situations that did not characterize as set offense nor fast break were considered as regained offense.
Shooting Conditions	Pressured	Field goal taken when the defender “passively” guarded and offered poor coverage of the shooter; in this situation the defender is less likely to hinder the shooting motion and to block the offensive player.
	Passively Guarded	Field goal taken with a close and pressured defense during the jump and landing of the shooter, or field goal taken in which the defender has conditions (or great possibilities) to block it.
	Wide Open	Wide open field goal taken by the offensive player without any defensive pressure, which permits him or her to perform a field goal attempt without difficulty during the jump and landing phases.