A new species of <i>Inpaichthys</i> from the rio Canamã, rio Aripuanã basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, with a redefinition of the genus (Characidae: Stethaprioninae)

A new species of Inpaichthys is described from a tributary of the rio Canamã, rio Aripuanã basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The new species can be diagnosed from its congeners by the color pattern in life and by morphometric and meristic features. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Characidae, conducted to assess the generic placement of the new species, revealed that Hasemania nambiquara is also a member of Inpaichthys and thus transferred to this genus. A monophyletic group composed of the three known species of Inpaichthys is hypothesized to be related to Nematobrycon and a clade composed of Carlana, Pseudochalceus, and Rhoadsia, among the taxa herein analyzed. A diagnosis for Inpaichthys and morphometric and meristic data of I. kerri are also presented.

Keywords:
Hasemania nambiquara; Inpaichthys kerri; rio Madeira basin; Phylogeny; Taxonomy

Authorship

Katiane M. Ferreira

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Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa, 2367, Boa Esperança, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. (KMF) kmferreira@gmail.com, (ACR) alexandrecunharibeiro@gmail.com, (HPS) painsbio@gmail.com, (DCF) ferreiradc@gmail.com.Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrazilCuiabá, BrazilInstituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa, 2367, Boa Esperança, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. (KMF) kmferreira@gmail.com, (ACR) alexandrecunharibeiro@gmail.com, (HPS) painsbio@gmail.com, (DCF) ferreiradc@gmail.com.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8793-7343

Alexandre C. Ribeiro

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-9562

Flávio C. T. Lima

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Museu de Diversidade Biológica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109, 13083-863 Campinas, SP, Brazil. (FCTL) fctlima@gmail.com.Universidade Estadual de CampinasBrazilCampinas, BrazilMuseu de Diversidade Biológica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109, 13083-863 Campinas, SP, Brazil. (FCTL) fctlima@gmail.com.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-5431

Hugmar P. da Silva

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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-2889

Daniela C. Ferreira

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-0613

Juan Marcos Mirande

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Fundación Miguel Lillo, Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-FML), Miguel Lillo 251, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Argentina. (JMM) jmmirande@lillo.org.ar (corresponding author).Fundación Miguel LilloArgentinaSan Miguel de Tucumán, ArgentinaFundación Miguel Lillo, Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-FML), Miguel Lillo 251, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Argentina. (JMM) jmmirande@lillo.org.ar (corresponding author).

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4370-3526

Edited-by

Fernando Carvalho

Correspondence

Juan Marcos Mirande jmmirande@lillo.org.ar

Competing Interests

The author declares no competing interests.

Ethical Statement

The specimens were collected under a collection permit authorized by Sistema de Autorização e Informação em Biodiversidade (SISBIO processes #18454–2 and 71172–2).

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (7)
Tables (1)

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FIGURE 1 |
Inpaichthys nambiquara,new combination, in life. A. Male; B. Female. Photos by Hans-Georg Evers.

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FIGURE 2 |
Inpaichthys parauapiranga, holotype, CPUFMT 7908, 25.4 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso State, Aripuanã, rio Canamã, rio Aripuanã basin. A. When transferred to alcohol after several days of fixation; B. Recently fixed in formaldehyde. Photos by Alexandre C. Ribeiro.

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FIGURE 3 |
Inpaichthys parauapiranga, paratype, CPUFMT 7891, 24.4 mm SL. A. Anterior region of cranium; B. Upper and lower jaws; C. Premaxillary; right side, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

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FIGURE 4 |
Inpaichthys parauapiranga. A. CPUFMT 7891, paratype, 23.1 mm SL. B. CPUFMT 7908, holotype, 25.4 mm SL, immediately after capture. Photos by Alexandre C. Ribeiro.

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FIGURE 5 |
Map of South America with a detailed view of the southwestern portion of the Amazon basin, showing the distribution of the three Inpaichthys species (I. kerri, I. nambiquara, and I. parauapiranga) in the rio Madeira basin and rio Tapajós basin.

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FIGURE 6 |
Type-locality of Inpaichthys parauapiranga, tributary of the rio Canamã, rio Aripuanã basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil.

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FIGURE 7 |
Phylogenetic relationships of Inpaichthys in the tribe Stethaprionini, as obtained from the phylogenetic analysis under parsimony and extended implied weighting (SEP; K = 64; ﬁt = 508.27677; length = 70435 steps). Support expressed as GC values (differences of frequencies “group present/contradicted”). Numeric values of support are shown only for the clade including Inpaichthys. Branches length represent the number of synapomorphies.

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TABLE 1 |
Morphometric data of Inpaichthys parauapiranga (N = 20) and I. kerri (N = 10; CPUFMT 4869; CPUFMT 4988; CPUFMT 5066). Range of I. parauapiranga includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation.

FIGURE 1 | Inpaichthys nambiquara,new combination, in life. A. Male; B. Female. Photos by Hans-Georg Evers.

FIGURE 2 | Inpaichthys parauapiranga, holotype, CPUFMT 7908, 25.4 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso State, Aripuanã, rio Canamã, rio Aripuanã basin. A. When transferred to alcohol after several days of fixation; B. Recently fixed in formaldehyde. Photos by Alexandre C. Ribeiro.

FIGURE 3 | Inpaichthys parauapiranga, paratype, CPUFMT 7891, 24.4 mm SL. A. Anterior region of cranium; B. Upper and lower jaws; C. Premaxillary; right side, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 4 | Inpaichthys parauapiranga. A. CPUFMT 7891, paratype, 23.1 mm SL. B. CPUFMT 7908, holotype, 25.4 mm SL, immediately after capture. Photos by Alexandre C. Ribeiro.

FIGURE 5 | Map of South America with a detailed view of the southwestern portion of the Amazon basin, showing the distribution of the three Inpaichthys species (I. kerri, I. nambiquara, and I. parauapiranga) in the rio Madeira basin and rio Tapajós basin.

FIGURE 6 | Type-locality of Inpaichthys parauapiranga, tributary of the rio Canamã, rio Aripuanã basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil.

FIGURE 7 | Phylogenetic relationships of Inpaichthys in the tribe Stethaprionini, as obtained from the phylogenetic analysis under parsimony and extended implied weighting (SEP; K = 64; ﬁt = 508.27677; length = 70435 steps). Support expressed as GC values (differences of frequencies “group present/contradicted”). Numeric values of support are shown only for the clade including Inpaichthys. Branches length represent the number of synapomorphies.

TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of Inpaichthys parauapiranga (N = 20) and I. kerri (N = 10; CPUFMT 4869; CPUFMT 4988; CPUFMT 5066). Range of I. parauapiranga includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation.

	Inpaichthys parauapiranga				Inpaichthys kerri
	Holotype	Paratypes
		Range	Mean	SD	Range	Mean	SD
Standard length	25.4	17.2–25.4	21.5	–	19.7–26.6	22.4	–
Percentages of standard length
Body depth	32.5	32.1–36.4	34.7	1.1	30.6–36.3	32.7	1.8
Snout to dorsal-fin origin	54.7	53.1–57.6	55.1	1.1	51.6–55.9	54.1	1.3
Snout to pectoral-fin origin	25.5	25.5–28.3	26.7	0.9	24.9–27.3	25.7	1.1
Snout to pelvic-fin origin	43.6	43.6–47.6	46.0	1.1	42.9–47.1	44.6	1.4
Snout to anal-fin origin	56.9	53.3–57.6	56.1	1.3	56.2–60.5	59.1	1.2
Pelvic-fin insertion to anal-fin origin	13.9	11.8–15.3	13.7	1.0	11.3–15.8	13.6	1.3
Caudal-peduncle depth	13.9	11.6–14.0	12.6	0.7	10.0–11.7	11.2	0.5
Caudal-peduncle length	9.3	9.3–11.4	10.4	0.8	8.9–12.9	11.8	1.3
Dorsal-fin origin to caudal-fin base	51.4	46.8–51.5	49.3	1.2	46.4–49.4	48.3	1.0
Dorsal-fin base length	12.5	10.9-13.7	12.5	0.6	10.7–13.2	12.0	0.7
Anal-fin base length	34.9	31.3–37.1	34.3	1.4	29.4–32.7	31.3	1.2
Pectoral-fin length	20.6	18.2–23.9	21.3	1.6	18.3–22.6	20.2	1.3
Pelvic-fin length	14.3	12.6–15.9	14.7	0.9	14.0–16.8	15.1	0.8
Dorsal-fin length	29.6	26.4–34.6	29.9	1.8	26.1–30.6	28.5	1.8
Anal-fin length	18.5	17.1–23.9	20.5	1.8	17.4–21.3	19.1	1.4
Bony head length	25.7	25.6–29.5	27.5	1.3	24.3–28.0	25.8	1.1
Head depth	24.8	23.5–28.1	26.1	1.3	23.1–25.8	24.3	1.1
Percentages of head length
Horizontal eye diameter	37.9	37.0–40.4	38.9	1.0	38.7–41.9	40,4	1.2
Snout length	20.9	19.7–24.5	22.2	1.3	20.1–23.6	21.9	1.2
Least interorbital distance	38.7	33.3–38.7	35.4	1.5	35.2–39.9	37.1	1.4
Upper jaw length	41.3	39.5–43.5	41.5	1.1	38.6–41.8	40.1	1.0

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Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia Neotropical Ichthyology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá., Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Phone number: +55 44-3011-4632 - Maringá - PR - Brazil
E-mail: neoichth@nupelia.uem.br

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A new species of <i>Inpaichthys</i> from the rio Canamã, rio Aripuanã basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, with a redefinition of the genus (Characidae: Stethaprioninae)

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[1] Edited-by

Fernando Carvalho