Gold nanoparticles based on polysaccharide from <i>Amburana cearensis</i> for organic dyes degradation

Silva, Eziel Cardoso da; Farias, Emanuel Airton de Oliveira; Araújo, Thais Danyelle Santos; Araújo, Alyne Rodrigues; Almeida, Geanderson Emilio de; Nunes, Lívio César Cunha; Eiras, Carla

doi:10.1590/0104-1428.20240094

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Original Articles • Polímeros 35 (3) • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.20240094 linkcopy

Gold nanoparticles based on polysaccharide from Amburana cearensis for organic dyes degradation

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Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared by green synthesis using the gum extracted from Amburana cearensis (GAmb) exudate. The influence of polysaccharide concentration, precursor salt (HAuCl₄), temperature, pH, and reaction time on the final properties of the AuNPs-GAmb was evaluated. The UV-VIS spectrum of the AuNPs-GAmb showed an absorption band in the region of 524 nm, characteristic of spherical nanostructures, and the synthesis conditions strongly influenced the average diameter of these nanoparticles. The optimized AuNPs-GAmb presented a high colloidal stability and spherical shape with an average diameter of 13.22 ± 1.86 nm (when measured by Atomic Force Microscopy -AFM). Later, the catalytic activity of AuNPs-GAmb was evaluated in the degradation of toxic dyes such as toluidine blue (TB), methylene blue (MB), and methyl orange (MO), which were degraded in less than 11 minutes. Thus, the AuNPs-GAmb obtained in this work are eco-friendly and have a high potential for applications in biotechnology.

Keywords:
tree exudate; green technologies; nanotechnology; environmental remediation

	GAmb conc. (%)	HAuCl₄ conc (mM)	Temp. (ºC)	pH	Synthesis time (min)	Polydispersity index (PDI)	Diameter (nm) measured by DLS	Zeta potential (mV)
Study of GAmb Conc. (%)	0.10	0.20	100	3.50	30	0.53 ± 0.02	45.93 ± 1.60	-22.00 ± 0.64
	0.20	0.20	100	3.50	30	0.47 ± 0.05	53.86 ± 1.11	-25.13 ± 1.15
	0.30	0.20	100	3.50	30	0.72 ± 0.03	94.82 ± 1.19	-29.16 ± 2.56
Study of HAuCl4 Conc. (mM)	0.20	0.10	100	3.50	30	0.59 ± 0.05	116.7 ± 8.20	-22.73 ± 0.26
	0.20	0.20	100	3.50	30	0.47 ± 0.05	82.82 ± 4.79	-25.13 ± 1.15
	0.20	0.30	100	3.50	30	0.61 ± 0.01	52.55 ± 2.17	-21.73 ± 0.59
Study of Temperature Variation	0.20	0.30	80	3.50	30	0.96 ± 0.03	19.94 ± 1.07	-17.23 ± 1.12
	0.20	0.30	90	3.50	30	0.62 ± 0.02	32.44 ± 0.84	-19.50 ± 0.48
	0.20	0.30	100	3.50	30	0.61 ± 0.01	52.55 ± 2.17	-21.73 ± 0.59
Study of pH Variation	0.20	0.30	100	2.50	30	0.42 ± 0.03	126.30 ± 4.1	-5.570 ± 0.81
	0.20	0.30	100	3.00	30	0.41 ± 0.05	99.47 ± 3.69	-8.250 ± 0.81
	0.20	0.30	100	3.50	30	0.61 ± 0.01	52.55 ± 2.17	-21.73 ± 0.59
Influence of Synthesis Time	0.20	0.30	100	3.50	30	0.61 ± 0.01	52.55 ± 2.17	-21.73 ± 0.59
	0.20	0.30	100	3.50	60	0.65 ± 0.11	32.39 ± 0.80	-20.40 ± 0.71
	0.20	0.30	100	3.50	120	0.66 ± 0.03	26.50 ± 0.78	-18.80 ± 0.63

Dyes	Reaction time (min)	K (min ^-1)	Correlation coefficient (R²)	% degradation
TB	8	0.098	0.986	97.100
MB	7	0.094	0.993	95.140
MO	11	0.013	0.996	84.300

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