Feasibility of the Strengthening Families Program for Brazilian Families: A Mixed Method Study

Murta, Sheila Giardini; Vinha, Luís Gustavo do Amaral; Nobre-Sandoval, Larissa de Almeida; Miranda, Ana Aparecida Vilela; Menezes, Jordana Calil Lopes de; Rocha, Viviane Paula Santos

doi:10.1590/0102.3772e36nspe16

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Special Commemorative Number of the 15th Anniversary of the Graduate Program in Clinical Psychology and Culture • Psic.: Teor. e Pesq. 36 (spe) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e36nspe16 copy

Feasibility of the Strengthening Families Program for Brazilian Families: A Mixed Method Study^* * Apoio: SENAD

Viabilidade do Strengthening Families Program para Famílias Brasileiras: Um Estudo com Métodos Mistos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility (limited effectiveness, acceptability and practicality) of the Strengthening Families Program, a universal preventive intervention, for Brazilian families. A pre-experimental study was carried out, with pre-test, post-test, 6- and 10-12-month follow-ups. 74 adolescents and their parents participated. Scales on academic, parenting, and health outcomes were applied to adolescents at the four assessment times. Direct observation of implementation fidelity and families engagement in the intervention and telephone interviews with facilitators were used to investigate acceptability and practicality. The results show significant increase in parental supervision and learning self-efficacy. High levels of fidelity and parent/guardian engagement as well as moderate levels of adolescent engagement were found. The facilitators found the intervention had acceptable goals, but procedures excessively structured and unsuitable for families with low educational level. Practical implications are discussed.

Keywords:
prevention; parenting; substance abuse; family intervention

	Pre-teste		Post-teste		6 months		10-12 months
Alcohol	N	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	69	94.5%	71	95.9%	72	97.3%	70	94.6%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	4	5.5%	3	4.1%	2	2.7%	3	4.1%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	73		74		74		74
Binge drinking	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
None	69	93.2%	71	95.9%	73	98.6%	70	94.6%
1 time	3	4.1%	2	2.7%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%
2 times	1	1.4%	1	1.4%	1	1.4%	1	1.4%
3 to 5 times	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
≥ 6 times	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	2	2.7%
Total	74		74		74		74
Cigarettes	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	74	100.0%	73	98.6%	74	100.0%	72	98.6%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	74		74		74		73
Inhalants	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	73	98.6%	73	98.6%	73	98.6%	71	97.3%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%	1	1.4%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	74		74		74		73
Marijuana	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	74	100.0%	74	100.0%	74	100.0%	71	97.3%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	2	2.7%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	74		74		74		73
Cocaine	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	72	98.6%	74	100.0%	74	100.0%	73	100.0%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	73		74		74		73
Crack	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	74	100.0%	74	100.0%	73	98.6%	74	100.0%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%	0	0.0%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	74		74		74		74

	Pre-test		Post-test		6 months		10-12 months
Alcohol	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
No	69	94.5%	71	95.9%	72	97.3%	70	94.6%
Yes	4	5.5%	3	4.1%	2	2.7%	4	5.4%
Total	73		74		74		74
			p= 0.617	p= 0.683	p= 1.00
	Pre-test		Post-test		6 months		10-12 months
Binge drinking	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
None	69	93.2%	71	95.9%	73	98.6%	70	94.6%
At least 1 time	5	6.8%	3	4.1%	1	1.4%	4	6.4%
Total	74		74		74		74
			p= 0.617	p= 0.134	p= 1.00

Outcome	Pre-test	Post-test	6 months	10-12 months
Antisocial behavior	1.42 (0.64)	1.47 (0.69)	1.49 (0.78)	1.47 (0.62)
Parenting practices
Social support	3.85 (1.13)	4.14 (1.08)	3.98 (0.75)	4.03 (0.85)
Intrusiveness	2.51 (1.02)	2.58 (1.16)	2.30 (1.05)	2.55 (1.20)
Behavior supervision	3.92 (1.22)	4.03 (1.11)	4.14 (0.98)	4.22 (0.94)
Learning self-efficacy	3.54 (1.07)	3.68 (0.90)	3.86 (0.74)	4.02 (0.59)

	Antisocial behavior	Parenting practices			Learning self-efficacy
	Antisocial behavior	Emotional support	Intrusiveness	Behavior supervision	Learning self-efficacy
Time	0.006	0.006	0.004	0.023*	0.037**
Number of meetings	-0.004	0.009	0.050	-0.059	0.012
Male	0.021	0.123	0.199	-0.080	0.107
Age	0.052*	-0.121**	0.045	-0.063	-0.062*
Family composition	-0.062	0.141	-0.244	0.263	0.282*

	Pre-test		Post-text		6 months		10-12 months
Absences	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
None	58	78.4%	61	82.4%	57	77.0%	54	73.0%
1 or 2	12	16.2%	11	14.9%	14	18.9%	8	10.8%
3 to 5	3	4.1%	1	1.4%	1	1.4%	9	12.2%
≥ 6	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	2	2.7%	3	4.1%
	74		73		74		74
		p= 0.159	p= 0.901	p= 0.084
Does homework	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Never	1	1.4%	3	4.1%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Rarely	8	10.8%	4	5.4%	5	6.8%	3	4.1%
Sometimes	16	21.6%	12	16.2%	13	17.6%	17	23.0%
Often	10	13.5%	12	16.2%	10	13.5%	12	16.2%
Always	38	51.4%	42	56.8%	45	60.8%	42	56.8%
	73		73		73		74
		p= 0.478	p= 0.104	p= 0.138
School satisfaction	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Hate	3	4.1%	2	2.7%	2	2.7%	1	1.4%
Dislike	1	1.4%	2	2.7%	1	1.4%	2	2.7%
Like a little	19	25.7%	19	25.7%	20	27.0%	17	23.0%
Like a lot	27	36.5%	24	32.4%	29	39.2%	26	35.1%
Love	24	32.4%	27	36.5%	22	29.7%	27	36.5%
	74		74		74		73
		p= 0.645	p= 0.877	p= 0.596
Grades	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Low	7	9.5%	8	10.8%	3	4.1%	4	5.4%
Average	28	37.8%	32	43.2%	36	48.6%	33	44.6%
High	35	47.3%	34	45.9%	33	44.6%	36	48.6%
	70		74		72		73
		p= 0.544	p= 0.535	p= 0.195
Future plans	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
College	36	48.6%	34	45.9%	30	40.5%	29	39.2%
Technical school	6	8.1%	9	12.2%	6	8.1%	10	13.5%
Just work	10	13.5%	11	14.9%	10	13.5%	5	6.8%
Other plans	5	6.8%	6	8.1%	9	12.2%	8	10.8%
Still don’t know	14	18.9%	12	16.2%	17	23.0%	20	27.0%
	71		72		72		72

Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 - Brasília - DF - Brazil, Tel./Fax: (061) 274-6455 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: revistaptp@gmail.com

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Feasibility of the Strengthening Families Program for Brazilian Families: A Mixed Method Study* * Apoio: SENAD

Viabilidade do Strengthening Families Program para Famílias Brasileiras: Um Estudo com Métodos Mistos

Abstract

Feasibility of the Strengthening Families Program for Brazilian Families: A Mixed Method Study^* * Apoio: SENAD