Viabilidade do <i>Strengthening Families Program</i> para Famílias Brasileiras: Um Estudo com Métodos Mistos

Murta, Sheila Giardini; Vinha, Luís Gustavo do Amaral; Nobre-Sandoval, Larissa de Almeida; Miranda, Ana Aparecida Vilela; Menezes, Jordana Calil Lopes de; Rocha, Viviane Paula Santos

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Sumário

Special Commemorative Number of the 15th Anniversary of the Graduate Program in Clinical Psychology and Culture • Psic.: Teor. e Pesq. 36 (spe) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e36nspe16 copiar

Viabilidade do Strengthening Families Program para Famílias Brasileiras: Um Estudo com Métodos Mistos

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Este estudo teve por objetivo examinar a viabilidade (efetividade limitada, aceitabilidade e praticidade) do Strengthening Families Program, uma intervenção preventiva universal, para famílias brasileiras. Conduziu-se um estudo pré-experimental, com pré-teste, pós-teste, 6 e 10-12 meses de follow-up. Participaram 74 adolescentes e seus pais. Escalas sobre desfechos acadêmicos, parentais e saúde foram aplicadas nos adolescentes nos quatro tempos de avaliação. Observação direta da fidelidade da implementação e do engajamento familiar na intervenção e entrevistas por telefone com facilitadores foram usadas para investigar aceitabilidade e praticidade. Identificou-se aumento significativo em supervisão parental e autoeficácia para a aprendizagem. Altos níveis de fidelidade e engajamento parental foram encontrados, bem como engajamento moderado dos adolescentes. Os facilitadores consideraram a intervenção aceitável em suas metas, mas com procedimentos excessivamente estruturados e inadequados para famílias com baixo grau de instrução. Implicações práticas são discutidas.

Palavras-chave:
prevenção; parentalidade; abuso de substâncias; intervenção familiar

	Pre-teste		Post-teste		6 months		10-12 months
Alcohol	N	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	69	94.5%	71	95.9%	72	97.3%	70	94.6%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	4	5.5%	3	4.1%	2	2.7%	3	4.1%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	73		74		74		74
Binge drinking	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
None	69	93.2%	71	95.9%	73	98.6%	70	94.6%
1 time	3	4.1%	2	2.7%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%
2 times	1	1.4%	1	1.4%	1	1.4%	1	1.4%
3 to 5 times	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
≥ 6 times	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	2	2.7%
Total	74		74		74		74
Cigarettes	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	74	100.0%	73	98.6%	74	100.0%	72	98.6%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	74		74		74		73
Inhalants	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	73	98.6%	73	98.6%	73	98.6%	71	97.3%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%	1	1.4%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	74		74		74		73
Marijuana	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	74	100.0%	74	100.0%	74	100.0%	71	97.3%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	2	2.7%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	74		74		74		73
Cocaine	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	72	98.6%	74	100.0%	74	100.0%	73	100.0%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	73		74		74		73
Crack	n	%	N	%	n	%	N	%
No	74	100.0%	74	100.0%	73	98.6%	74	100.0%
Yes, 1 to 5 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	1.4%	0	0.0%
Yes, 6 to 19 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Yes, ≥ 20 days	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Total	74		74		74		74

	Pre-test		Post-test		6 months		10-12 months
Alcohol	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
No	69	94.5%	71	95.9%	72	97.3%	70	94.6%
Yes	4	5.5%	3	4.1%	2	2.7%	4	5.4%
Total	73		74		74		74
			p= 0.617	p= 0.683	p= 1.00
	Pre-test		Post-test		6 months		10-12 months
Binge drinking	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
None	69	93.2%	71	95.9%	73	98.6%	70	94.6%
At least 1 time	5	6.8%	3	4.1%	1	1.4%	4	6.4%
Total	74		74		74		74
			p= 0.617	p= 0.134	p= 1.00

Outcome	Pre-test	Post-test	6 months	10-12 months
Antisocial behavior	1.42 (0.64)	1.47 (0.69)	1.49 (0.78)	1.47 (0.62)
Parenting practices
Social support	3.85 (1.13)	4.14 (1.08)	3.98 (0.75)	4.03 (0.85)
Intrusiveness	2.51 (1.02)	2.58 (1.16)	2.30 (1.05)	2.55 (1.20)
Behavior supervision	3.92 (1.22)	4.03 (1.11)	4.14 (0.98)	4.22 (0.94)
Learning self-efficacy	3.54 (1.07)	3.68 (0.90)	3.86 (0.74)	4.02 (0.59)

	Antisocial behavior	Parenting practices			Learning self-efficacy
	Antisocial behavior	Emotional support	Intrusiveness	Behavior supervision	Learning self-efficacy
Time	0.006	0.006	0.004	0.023*	0.037**
Number of meetings	-0.004	0.009	0.050	-0.059	0.012
Male	0.021	0.123	0.199	-0.080	0.107
Age	0.052*	-0.121**	0.045	-0.063	-0.062*
Family composition	-0.062	0.141	-0.244	0.263	0.282*

	Pre-test		Post-text		6 months		10-12 months
Absences	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
None	58	78.4%	61	82.4%	57	77.0%	54	73.0%
1 or 2	12	16.2%	11	14.9%	14	18.9%	8	10.8%
3 to 5	3	4.1%	1	1.4%	1	1.4%	9	12.2%
≥ 6	1	1.4%	0	0.0%	2	2.7%	3	4.1%
	74		73		74		74
		p= 0.159	p= 0.901	p= 0.084
Does homework	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Never	1	1.4%	3	4.1%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
Rarely	8	10.8%	4	5.4%	5	6.8%	3	4.1%
Sometimes	16	21.6%	12	16.2%	13	17.6%	17	23.0%
Often	10	13.5%	12	16.2%	10	13.5%	12	16.2%
Always	38	51.4%	42	56.8%	45	60.8%	42	56.8%
	73		73		73		74
		p= 0.478	p= 0.104	p= 0.138
School satisfaction	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Hate	3	4.1%	2	2.7%	2	2.7%	1	1.4%
Dislike	1	1.4%	2	2.7%	1	1.4%	2	2.7%
Like a little	19	25.7%	19	25.7%	20	27.0%	17	23.0%
Like a lot	27	36.5%	24	32.4%	29	39.2%	26	35.1%
Love	24	32.4%	27	36.5%	22	29.7%	27	36.5%
	74		74		74		73
		p= 0.645	p= 0.877	p= 0.596
Grades	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Low	7	9.5%	8	10.8%	3	4.1%	4	5.4%
Average	28	37.8%	32	43.2%	36	48.6%	33	44.6%
High	35	47.3%	34	45.9%	33	44.6%	36	48.6%
	70		74		72		73
		p= 0.544	p= 0.535	p= 0.195
Future plans	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
College	36	48.6%	34	45.9%	30	40.5%	29	39.2%
Technical school	6	8.1%	9	12.2%	6	8.1%	10	13.5%
Just work	10	13.5%	11	14.9%	10	13.5%	5	6.8%
Other plans	5	6.8%	6	8.1%	9	12.2%	8	10.8%
Still don’t know	14	18.9%	12	16.2%	17	23.0%	20	27.0%
	71		72		72		72

Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 - Brasília - DF - Brazil, Tel./Fax: (061) 274-6455 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: revistaptp@gmail.com

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[1] ** E-mail: giardini@unb.br