Contingency Management applied to Alcohol Use Disorder: Systematic Review

Silva, Karina de Souza; Sampaio, Angelo Augusto Silva; Miguel, André de Queiroz Constantino

doi:10.1590/0102.3772e38215.en

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Behavioral Sciences • Psic.: Teor. e Pesq. 38 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e38215.en copy

Contingency Management applied to Alcohol Use Disorder: Systematic Review^* * Article derived from the Course Completion Work defended by the first author and supervised by the two other authors, in the undergraduate course in Psychology at the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This systematic review evaluated the efficacy of applying Contingency Management (CM) to Alcohol Use Disorder. We followed the PRISMA recommendation and consulted the following databases: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO and Pubmed. A total of eight randomized controlled trials were included in this review, all of them with good methodological quality. In seven of these, CM was more efficacious in promoting continuous abstinence. Both trials that evaluated treatment retention found statistically significant results favorable to CM. On two of the three trials presenting follow-up results, CM was more efficacious in promoting abstinence. The large-scale application of CM can promote substantial public health improvements and should be encouraged.

Keywords:
contingency management; alcohol use disorder; evidence-based practice; systematic review; randomized controlled trials

	Petry et al. (2000*Petry, N., Martin, B., Cooney, J. L., & Kranzler, H. R. (2000). Give them prizes, and they will come: Contingency management for treatment of alcohol dependence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(2), 250-257. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.68.2.250 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.68.2.2... )	Alessi & Petry (2013*Alessi, S. M., & Petry, N. M. (2013). A randomized study of cellphone technology to reinforce alcohol abstinence in the natural environment. Addiction, 108(5), 900-909. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12093 https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12093... )	Hagedorn et al. (2013*Hagedorn, H. J., Noorbaloochi, S., Simon, A. B., Bangerter, A., Stitzer, M. L., Stetler, C. B., & Kivlahan, D. (2013). Rewarding early abstinence in Veterans Health Administration addiction clinics. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 45(1), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2013.01.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2013.01.0... )	McDonell et al. (2016*McDonell, M. G., Leickly, E., McPherson, S., Skalisky, J., Srebnik, D., Angelo, F., Vilardaga, R., Nepom, J. R., Roll, J. M., & Ries, R. K. (2017). A randomized controlled trial of ethyl glucuronide-based contingency management for outpatients with co-occurring alcohol use disorders and serious mental illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(4), 370-377. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16050627 https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16... )	Barnett et al. (2017*Barnett, N. P., Celio, M. A., Tidey, J. W., Murphy, J. G., Colby, S. M., & Swift, R. M. (2017). A preliminary randomized controlled trial of contingency management for alcohol use reduction using a transdermal alcohol sensor. Addiction, 112(6), 1025-1035. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13767 https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13767... )	Averill et al. (2018*Averill, F., Brown, T. G., Robertson, R. D., Tchomgang, A., Berbiche, D., Nadeau, L., & Ouimet, M. C. (2018). Transdermal alcohol monitoring combined with contingency management for driving while impaired offenders: A pilot randomized controlled study. Traffic Injury Prevention, 19(5), 455-461. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2018.1448079 https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2018.14... )	Koffarnus et al. (2018*Koffarnus, M. N., Bickel, W. K., & Kablinger, A. S. (2018). Remote alcohol monitoring to facilitate incentive‐based treatment for alcohol use disorder: A randomized trial. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 42(12), 2423-2431. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13891 https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13891... )	Orr et al. (2018*Orr, M. F., Smith, C. L., Finlay, M., Martin, S. C., Brooks, O., Oluwoye, O. A., Leickly, E., McDonell, M., Burduli, E., Barbosa-Leiker, C., Layton, M., Roll, J. M., & McPherson, S. M. (2018). Pilot investigation: Randomized-controlled analog trial for alcohol and tobacco smoking co-addiction using contingency management. Behavioural Pharmacology, 29 (5), 462-468. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0000000000000379 https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.000000000000... )
Setting	Outpatient	Natural environment	Outpatient	Outpatient	Natural environment	Natural environment	Natural environment **	University
Recruitment	In site	Advertisement	In site	In site	Advertisement	Invitation letter	Advertisement	Advertisement
Sample	42 men	30 (36.7% men)	191 (97.4% men)	79 (63.5% men)	30 (53.3% men)	37 men	40 (70% men)	34 (63.8% men)
Diagnosis	DSM IV	DSM IV	Medical records	DSM IV	DSM IV	AUDIT	DSM V	DSM IV
Comorbidities	Yes	---	Yes	Yes	---	---	---	Yes
Outcome Measures	Breathalyzer, self-report	Breathalyzer (remote), self-report	Breathalyzer, self-report	Breathalyzer, urine test, self-report	Transdermal testing, self-report	Transdermal testing, self-report	Breathalyzer (remote), self-report	Breathalyzer, urine tests, self-report
Biological Markers Measurement Frequency	Once per day/once per week *	3 times per day	2 times per week	3 times per week	Every 30 min	Every 30 min	3 times per day	Once per day
Control Group	12-step	Reinforcement contingent upon breathalyzer result	Standard treatment	Non-contingent reinforcement	Non-contingent reinforcement + feedback	Reinforcement contingent upon test use + feedback	Non-contingent reinforcement	Non-contingent reinforcement
Reinforcement Schedule	Prize drawing; variable ratio	Vouchers; continuous reinforcement	Vouchers; variable ratio	Gift cards; variable ratio	Money; continuous reinforcement	Money; continuous reinforcement	Money; continuous reinforcement	Money; continuous reinforcement
Duration (weeks)	8	8	8	12	3	4	3	4
Follow-up duration	No follow-up	No follow-up	12 months	3 months	1 month	No follow-up	1 month	No follow-up

	Petry et al. (2000*Petry, N., Martin, B., Cooney, J. L., & Kranzler, H. R. (2000). Give them prizes, and they will come: Contingency management for treatment of alcohol dependence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(2), 250-257. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.68.2.250 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.68.2.2... )	Alessi & Petry (2013*Alessi, S. M., & Petry, N. M. (2013). A randomized study of cellphone technology to reinforce alcohol abstinence in the natural environment. Addiction, 108(5), 900-909. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12093 https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12093... )	Hagedorn et al. (2013*Hagedorn, H. J., Noorbaloochi, S., Simon, A. B., Bangerter, A., Stitzer, M. L., Stetler, C. B., & Kivlahan, D. (2013). Rewarding early abstinence in Veterans Health Administration addiction clinics. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 45(1), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2013.01.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2013.01.0... )	McDonell et al. (2016*McDonell, M. G., Leickly, E., McPherson, S., Skalisky, J., Srebnik, D., Angelo, F., Vilardaga, R., Nepom, J. R., Roll, J. M., & Ries, R. K. (2017). A randomized controlled trial of ethyl glucuronide-based contingency management for outpatients with co-occurring alcohol use disorders and serious mental illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(4), 370-377. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16050627 https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16... )	Barnett et al. (2017*Barnett, N. P., Celio, M. A., Tidey, J. W., Murphy, J. G., Colby, S. M., & Swift, R. M. (2017). A preliminary randomized controlled trial of contingency management for alcohol use reduction using a transdermal alcohol sensor. Addiction, 112(6), 1025-1035. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13767 https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13767... )	Averill et al. (2018*Averill, F., Brown, T. G., Robertson, R. D., Tchomgang, A., Berbiche, D., Nadeau, L., & Ouimet, M. C. (2018). Transdermal alcohol monitoring combined with contingency management for driving while impaired offenders: A pilot randomized controlled study. Traffic Injury Prevention, 19(5), 455-461. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2018.1448079 https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2018.14... )	Koffarnus et al. (2018*Koffarnus, M. N., Bickel, W. K., & Kablinger, A. S. (2018). Remote alcohol monitoring to facilitate incentive‐based treatment for alcohol use disorder: A randomized trial. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 42(12), 2423-2431. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13891 https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13891... )	Orr et al. (2018*Orr, M. F., Smith, C. L., Finlay, M., Martin, S. C., Brooks, O., Oluwoye, O. A., Leickly, E., McDonell, M., Burduli, E., Barbosa-Leiker, C., Layton, M., Roll, J. M., & McPherson, S. M. (2018). Pilot investigation: Randomized-controlled analog trial for alcohol and tobacco smoking co-addiction using contingency management. Behavioural Pharmacology, 29 (5), 462-468. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0000000000000379 https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.000000000000... )
During Treatment
Percentage of abstinence days		d = 0.62 p < 0.01	d = 0.54 p < 0.001	B = 8.29 p < 0.05	d = 0.74 p = 0.053	Non-significantˆ	OR = 9.4 x² = 26.34, p < 0.0001	OR = 4.07 p < 0.05
Longest abstinence sequence	x² = 4,5 p < 0.05	d = 0.52 p < 0.01	p < 0.001	F = 5.55 p < 0.05	d = 0.85 p = 0.031
Reduction of heavy alcohol consumption	x² = 5.2 p < 0.05			B = 6.43 p < 0.05	d = 0.51 p = 0.18
Treatment retention	x² = 16.2 p < 0.001		d = 0.47 p < 0.001
Last Follow-Up Evaluation
Percentage of abstinence days			β = 0.35,^a p < 0.05 β = 0.31,^b p < 0.05 β = 0.24,^c p < 0.05	B = 7.40 p < 0.05	d = 0.44 p = 0.26		p = 0.003
Reduction of heavy alcohol consumption				B = 5.69 p < 0.05

Domain	Petry et al. (2000*Petry, N., Martin, B., Cooney, J. L., & Kranzler, H. R. (2000). Give them prizes, and they will come: Contingency management for treatment of alcohol dependence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(2), 250-257. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.68.2.250 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.68.2.2... )	Alessi & Petry (2013*Alessi, S. M., & Petry, N. M. (2013). A randomized study of cellphone technology to reinforce alcohol abstinence in the natural environment. Addiction, 108(5), 900-909. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12093 https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12093... )	Hagedorn et al. (2013*Hagedorn, H. J., Noorbaloochi, S., Simon, A. B., Bangerter, A., Stitzer, M. L., Stetler, C. B., & Kivlahan, D. (2013). Rewarding early abstinence in Veterans Health Administration addiction clinics. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 45(1), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2013.01.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2013.01.0... )	McDonell et al. (2016*McDonell, M. G., Leickly, E., McPherson, S., Skalisky, J., Srebnik, D., Angelo, F., Vilardaga, R., Nepom, J. R., Roll, J. M., & Ries, R. K. (2017). A randomized controlled trial of ethyl glucuronide-based contingency management for outpatients with co-occurring alcohol use disorders and serious mental illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(4), 370-377. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16050627 https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16... )	Barnett et al. (2017*Barnett, N. P., Celio, M. A., Tidey, J. W., Murphy, J. G., Colby, S. M., & Swift, R. M. (2017). A preliminary randomized controlled trial of contingency management for alcohol use reduction using a transdermal alcohol sensor. Addiction, 112(6), 1025-1035. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13767 https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13767... )	Averill et al. (2018*Averill, F., Brown, T. G., Robertson, R. D., Tchomgang, A., Berbiche, D., Nadeau, L., & Ouimet, M. C. (2018). Transdermal alcohol monitoring combined with contingency management for driving while impaired offenders: A pilot randomized controlled study. Traffic Injury Prevention, 19(5), 455-461. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2018.1448079 https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2018.14... )	Koffarnus et al. (2018*Koffarnus, M. N., Bickel, W. K., & Kablinger, A. S. (2018). Remote alcohol monitoring to facilitate incentive‐based treatment for alcohol use disorder: A randomized trial. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 42(12), 2423-2431. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13891 https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13891... )	Orr et al. (2018*Orr, M. F., Smith, C. L., Finlay, M., Martin, S. C., Brooks, O., Oluwoye, O. A., Leickly, E., McDonell, M., Burduli, E., Barbosa-Leiker, C., Layton, M., Roll, J. M., & McPherson, S. M. (2018). Pilot investigation: Randomized-controlled analog trial for alcohol and tobacco smoking co-addiction using contingency management. Behavioural Pharmacology, 29 (5), 462-468. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0000000000000379 https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.000000000000... )
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Contingency Management applied to Alcohol Use Disorder: Systematic Review* * Article derived from the Course Completion Work defended by the first author and supervised by the two other authors, in the undergraduate course in Psychology at the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco.

Abstract

Contingency Management applied to Alcohol Use Disorder: Systematic Review^* * Article derived from the Course Completion Work defended by the first author and supervised by the two other authors, in the undergraduate course in Psychology at the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco.