Cross-cultural adaptation and validity evidence of the engaging leadership scale in Brazil

Queiroz, Aldeci Rufino de; Mendonça, Helenides; Vazquez, Ana Cláudia Souza; Soares, Vinícius Nagy

doi:10.1590/14138271202631e289857

person Aldeci Rufino de Queiroz

Aldeci Rufino de Queiroz holds a bachelor’s degree (1994) in Administration from Universidade de Rio Verde (UniRV), a master’s degree (2010) in Regional Development from Centro Universitário Alves Faria (UNIALFA), and a PhD (2025) in Psychology rom Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás (PUC-GO).

schoolUniversidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG), Santa Helena de Goiás, Goiás, Brasil. E-mail: aldeci.rufino@ueg.br

0009-0005-2344-5023

person Helenides Mendonça

Helenides Mendonça earned a PhD in Psychology from Universidade de Brasília (UnB), with postdoctoral training at Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (IUL/ISCTE). She is a full professor at PUC Goiás, where she is affiliated with the Graduate Program in Psychology and actively engages in teaching, research, and extension activities.

schoolPontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. E-mail: helenides@gmail.com

0000-0003-3990-5432

person Ana Cláudia Souza Vazquez

Ana Cláudia Souza Vazquez is a professor, researcher, and currently Pro-Rector for Human Resources Management at Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA). She holds a PhD in Administration from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and coordinates the Center for Studies in Organizational and Work Positive Psychology (NEPPOT/UFCSPA).

schoolUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. E-mail: anasv@ufcspa.edu.br

0000-0002-7760-9266

person Vinícius Nagy Soares

Vinícius Nagy Soares earned his bachelor’s degree (2015) in Physical Education from Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), as well as a master’s degree (2018) and PhD (2023) in Gerontology from the School of Medical Sciences at UNICAMP.

schoolFaculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: viniciusnagy@gmail.com

0000-0003-0363-5186

personContact: Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG), Via Protestato Rua Joaquim José Bueno, 945, Perímetro Urbano Santa Helena de Goiás-GO, Brasil CEP: 75920-000

Editor:

Karina da Silva Oliveira

Conflict of interest:

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Description: The items presented below are intended to assess the leadership style used by your supervisor. Please read each statement carefully and indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with it. When responding, consider the leader who directly manages your work.
1 - Strongly disagree	2 - Disagree	3 - Neither disagree nor agree	4 - Agree	5 - Strongly agree
1. My leader is able to enthuse team members with their plans.
2. My leader makes team members feel that their work is meaningful.
3. My leader inspires team members.
4. My leader encourages team members to develop their talents as much as possible.
5. My leader delegates tasks and responsibilities to team members.
6. My leader encourages team members to use their own strengths.
7. My leader encourages collaboration among team members.
8. My leader encourages team members to pursue shared goals.
9. My leader promotes team spirit.
10. My leader gives team members enough freedom and responsibility to complete their tasks.
11. My leader encourages team members to voice their opinions.
12. My leader gives credit to team members for their contributions.

Items	Factor loading	h²	MSA
1. My leader is able to enthuse team members with their plans.	0.911	0.830	0.954
2. My leader makes team members feel that their work is meaningful.	0.909	0.827	0.955
3. My leader inspires team members.	0.884	0.782	0.960
4. My leader encourages team members to develop their talents as much as possible.	0.919	0.844	0.949
5. My leader delegates tasks and responsibilities to team members.	0.801	0.642	0.952
6. My leader encourages team members to use their own strengths.	0.912	0.832	0.955
7. My leader encourages collaboration among team members.	0.907	0.822	0.963
8. My leader encourages team members to pursue shared goals.	0.855	0.730	0.965
9. My leader promotes team spirit.	0.918	0.842	0.961
10. My leader gives team members enough freedom and responsibility to complete their tasks.	0.863	0.745	0.959
11. My leader encourages team members to voice their opinions.	0.869	0.755	0.940
12. My leader gives credit to team members for their contributions.	0.874	0.763	0.929

Items	Factor loading	h²
1. My leader is able to enthuse team members with their plans.	0.989	0.978
2. My leader makes team members feel that their work is meaningful.	0.983	0.966
3. My leader inspires team members.	0.983	0.966
4. My leader encourages team members to develop their talents as much as possible.	0.988	0.976
5. My leader delegates tasks and responsibilities to team members.	0.948	0.899
6. My leader encourages team members to use their own strengths.	0.984	0.968
7. My leader encourages collaboration among team members.	0.993	0.986
8. My leader encourages team members to pursue shared goals.	0.976	0.953
9. My leader promotes team spirit.	0.991	0.982
10. My leader gives team members enough freedom and responsibility to complete their tasks.	0.978	0.956
11. My leader encourages team members to voice their opinions.	0.981	0.962
12. My leader gives credit to team members for their contributions.	0.978	0.956

Description: Read each statement carefully and evaluate your leadership according to the response options below.
1 - Strongly disagree	2 - Disagree	3 - Neither disagree nor agree	4 - Agree	5 - Strongly agree
1. I am able to enthuse team members with my plans.
2. I make team members feel that their work is meaningful.
3. I inspire team members.
4. I encourage team members to develop their talents as much as possible.
5. I delegate tasks and responsibilities to team members.
6. I encourage team members to use their own strengths.
7. I encourage collaboration among team members.
8. I encourage team members to pursue shared goals.
9. I promote team spirit.
10. I give team members enough freedom and responsibility to complete their tasks.
11. I encourage team members to voice their opinions.
12. I give credit to team members for their contributions.

Items	Factor loading	h²	MSA
1. I am able to enthuse team members with my plans.	0.557	0.310	0.876
2. I make team members feel that their work is meaningful.	0.716	0.513	0.888
3. I inspire team members.	0.541	0.293	0.886
4. I encourage team members to develop their talents as much as possible.	0.625	0.391	0.897
5. I delegate tasks and responsibilities to team members.	0.640	0.409	0.945
6. I encourage team members to use their own strengths.	0.670	0.449	0.874
7. I encourage collaboration among team members.	0.823	0.677	0.865
8. I encourage team members to pursue shared goals.	0.746	0.556	0.893
9. I promote team spirit.	0.748	0.560	0.941
10. I give team members enough freedom and responsibility to complete their tasks.	0.583	0.340	0.884
11. I encourage team members to voice their opinions.	0.546	0.298	0.826
12. I give credit to team members for their contributions.	0.536	0.287	0.834

Items	Factor loading	h²
1. I am able to enthuse team members with my plans.	0.706	0.498
2. I make team members feel that their work is meaningful.	0.818	0.669
3. I inspire team members.	0.637	0.406
4. I encourage team members to develop their talents as much as possible.	0.717	0.514
5. I delegate tasks and responsibilities to team members.	0.696	0.484
6. I encourage team members to use their own strengths.	0.790	0.624
7. I encourage collaboration among team members.	0.942	0.887
8. I encourage team members to pursue shared goals.	0.850	0.723
9. I promote team spirit.	0.826	0.682
10. I give team members enough freedom and responsibility to complete their tasks.	0.706	0.498
11. I encourage team members to voice their opinions.	0.687	0.472
12. I give credit to team members for their contributions.	0.756	0.572

Escala de Liderança Engajadora - Versão Trabalhadores
Descrição: Os itens apresentados a seguir têm o objetivo de avaliar o estilo de liderança utilizado pelo seu chefe. Leia atentamente as frases abaixo e assinale a resposta que corresponda ao quanto você concorda ou discorda das afirmações. Ao responder, pense no chefe que atua como sua liderança imediata.
1 - Discordo totalmente	2 - Discordo	3 - Nem discordo nem concordo	4 - Concordo	5 - Concordo totalmente
1. Meu líder é capaz de entusiasmar os membros da equipe com seus planos.
2. Meu líder faz com que os membros da equipe sintam que eles contribuem para algo importante.
3. Meu líder é inspirador.
4. Meu líder incentiva os membros da equipe a desenvolver seus talentos tanto quanto possível.
5. Meu líder delega tarefas e responsabilidades para os membros da equipe.
6. Meu líder incentiva os membros da equipe a usar seus próprios pontos fortes.
7. Meu líder encoraja a colaboração entre membros da equipe.
8. Meu líder encoraja ativamente os membros da equipe a buscar os mesmos objetivos.
9. Meu líder promove espírito de equipe.
10. Meu líder dá à equipe liberdade e responsabilidade suficientes para completar suas tarefas.
11. Meu líder encoraja membros da equipe a dar sua própria opinião.
12. Meu líder reconhece a autoria das contribuições dos membros da equipe.

Escala de Liderança Engajadora - Versão Líderes
Descrição: Leia atentamente as frases e avalie a sua liderança conforme as opções abaixo.
1 - Discordo totalmente	2 - Discordo	3 - Nem discordo nem concordo	4 - Concordo	5 - Concordo totalmente
1. Sou capaz de entusiasmar os membros da minha equipe com meus planos.
2. Faço com que os membros da minha equipe sintam que eles contribuem para algo importante.
3. Sou inspirador(a).
4. Incentivo os membros da minha equipe a desenvolver seus talentos tanto quanto possível.
5. Delego tarefas e responsabilidades para os membros da minha equipe.
6. Incentivo os membros da minha equipe a usar seus próprios pontos fortes.
7. Encorajo a colaboração entre membros da minha equipe.
8. Encorajo ativamente os membros da minha equipe a buscar os mesmos objetivos.
9. Promovo espírito de equipe.
10. Dou à minha equipe liberdade e responsabilidade suficientes para completar suas tarefas.
11. Encorajo membros da minha equipe a dar sua própria opinião.
12. Reconheço a autoria das contribuições dos membros da minha equipe.

Variables	n	%
Female sex	228	53.6
Age (mean, SD)	36.7	10.7
Living with a partner	258	61.4
Has children	243	57.2
Number of children (mean, SD)	1.8	0.8
Living with children	191	78.6
Number of dependents (mean, SD)	2.1	1.5
Level of education
Middle school	9	2.1
High school	102	24.0
Technical/vocational education	42	9.9
Undergraduate degree	105	24.7
Graduate degree	136	32.0
Master’s degree	21	4.9
Doctoral degree	10	2.4
Type of organization
Private	262	61.6
Public	149	35.1
Third sector (non-profit)	14	3.3
Time (years) in current organization (mean, SD)	8.8	9.3
Professional experience (years) (mean, SD)	15.9	10.2
Holding a leadership position	145	34.1
Monthly gross income (BRL)
≤ 1,320.00	15	3.5
1,321.00-3,960.00	115	27.1
3,961.00-7,920.00	161	37.9
7,921.00-11,880.00	69	16.2
11,881.00-26,400.00	55	12.9
>26,401.00	10	2.4

Variables	n	%
Male sex	71	54.2
Age (mean, SD)	50.7	8.0
Marital status
Single	17	13.0
Married/living with a partner	97	74.0
Separated/divorced	15	11.5
Widowed	2	1.5
Has children	32	24.4
Number of children (mean, SD)	2.0	1.9
Level of education
High school	6	4.6
Undergraduate degree	34	26.0
Graduate degree	91	69.5
Professional experience (years) (mean, SD)	21.9	8.7
Time in leadership positions (years) (mean, SD)	7.4	6.5
Number of direct reports (mean, SD)	9.3	13.9
Level of management
Strategic	11	8.4
Tactical	32	24.4
Operational	88	67.2

Fit index	Result	Interpretation
χ²/df	5.95	Poor fit (< 3)
Comparative fit index	0.992	Excellent fit (> 0.95)
Tucker-Lewis index	0.989	Excellent fit (> 0.95)
RMSEA	0.108	High (> 0.08)
RMSEA (90% CI)	0.096-0.120	-

Factor and items	Factor loading	ω
F1: Inspiration	-	0.929
LE1. Enthuse team members	0.989	-
LE2. Contribute to something meaningful	0.983	-
LE3. Be inspiring	0.983	-
F2: Strengthening	-	0.898
LE4. Develop talents	0.988	-
LE5. Delegate tasks	0.948	-
LE6. Use strengths	0.984	-
F3: Connection	-	0.919
LE7. Encourage collaboration	0.993	-
LE8. Pursue shared goals	0.976	-
LE9. Promote team spirit	0.991	-
F4: Empowerment	-	0.923
LE10. Give freedom and responsibility	0.978	-
LE11. Encourage expression of opinions	0.981	-
LE12. Give credit for contributions	0.978	-

Constructs	Factors	AVE	√AVE	r	p
Engaging leadership	-	0.797	0.893	-	-
Work engagement	-	0.692	0.832	0.584	< 0.001
Perceived human resource management	Involvement	0.738	0.859	0.594	< 0.001
	Training	0.718	0.847	0.431	< 0.001
	Working conditions	0.650	0.806	0.505	< 0.001
	Rewards	0.732	0.856	0.467	< 0.001

[TFN1] Note. h² = communality; MSA = measure of sampling adequacy

Cross-cultural adaptation and validity evidence of the engaging leadership scale in Brazil

Adaptação transcultural e evidências de validade da Escala de Liderança Engajadora no Brasil

Adaptación transcultural y evidencias de validez de la Escala de Liderazgo Comprometido en Brasil