Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of SATAQ-4R for Brazilian Adolescents

Contact: Ana Carolina Soares Amaral Rua Monsenhor José Augusto, 204, Bairro São José, Barbacena-MG, Brasil, CEP: 36205-018, Telefone: (+55) 32 98833 3073

Ana Carolina Soares Amaral is a Professor at Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the Southeast of Minas Gerais - Campus Barbacena. PhD in Psychology and Master’s in Physical Education at Federal University of Juiz de Fora. Member of the Body and Diversity Research Group (CNPq) and the Laboratory of Body Studies (LABESC/UFJF). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-9111 E-mail: ana.amaral@ifsudestemg.edu.br

Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras Meireles is a Senior Research Assistant in the Department of Family and Community Medicine in the School of Community Medicine at University of Oklahoma. PhD in Psychology and Master’s in Psychology at Federal University of Juiz de Fora. Member of the Body and Diversity Research Group (CNPq) and the Laboratory of Body Studies (LABESC/UFJF). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-6449 E-mail: eujuly90@hotmail.com

Clara Mockdece Neves is a Professor in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports at Federal University of Juiz de Fora. PhD in Psychology and Master’s in Psychology at Federal University of Juiz de Fora. Advisor in the Postgraduate program in Physical Education UFV-UFJF. Member of the Body and Diversity Research Group and of the Body Studies Laboratory (LABESC/UFJF), the Center for Studies, Body, Physical Education and Society (NECOS) and the Center for Interprofessional Studies and Research on Body Image and Eating Disorders (NICTA). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-6710 E-mail: claramockdece.neves@ufjf.br

Fabiane Frota da Rocha Morgado is a Professor in the Institute of Education, Department of Physical Education and Sport at Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. PhD in Physical Education at State University of Campinas and Master’s in Physical Education at Federal University of Juiz de Fora. Advisor in the Postgraduate Program in Education, Contemporary Contexts and Popular Demands (PPGEduc/UFRRJ). Leader of a Research Group on Psychosocial Aspects of the Body (GEPAC). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3969-9029 E-mail: fabianemorgado@ufrrj.br

Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira is a Professor in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports at Federal University of Juiz de Fora. PhD and Post-Doctor in Education at University of São Paulo. Leader of the Body and Diversity Research Group and of the Body Studies Laboratory (LABESC/UFJF). Advisor in the Postgraduate programs in Physical Education UFV-UFJF and Psychology ICH-UFJF. CNPq Research Productivity Scholarship. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3294-7560 E-mail: caputoferreira@terra.com.br

Item	Pressure: Media	Pressure: Peers	Internalization: Muscularity	Pressure for Thinness/Low Body Fat: Family and Close People	Internalization: Thinness/Low Body Fat	Internalization: General Attractiveness	Pressure for Ideal Appearance: Family and Close People
24. I feel that the media pushes me to improve my physical shape.	.77
25. I feel that the media pushes me to look thinner.	.93
26. I feel that the media pushes me to improve my appearance.	.87
27. I feel that the media pushes me to reduce my body fat.	.92
16. My friends encourage me to become thinner.		.63
17. I feel that my friends push me to improve my appearance.		.79
18. I feel that my friends push me to improve my physical shape.		.78
19. My friends push me to reduce my body fat.		.88
1. It is important for me to look muscular.			.77
3. I spend a lot of time thinking about being muscular.			.64
7. I want my body to look muscular.			.91
11. I would like to have a very muscular body.			.73
12. I feel that my family pushes me to look thinner.				.51
14. My family pushes me to reduce my body fat.				.90
15. My family encourages me to improve my physical shape.				.80
20. Close people encourage me to become thinner.				.52
23. I feel that close people push me to reduce my body fat.				.38
5. I spend a lot of time thinking about being thin.					.77
8. I want my body to look very thin.					.66
10. I spend a lot of time thinking about having low body fat.					.47
2. It is important for me to look beautiful on my clothes.						.57
4. I spend a lot of time thinking about my appearance.						.51
6. I want to have a good appearance.						.66
9. It is important for me to look attractive.						.42
13. I feel that my family pushes me to improve my appearance.							.51
21. I feel that close people push me to improve my appearance.							.64
22. I feel that these close people push me to improve my physical shape.							.55

% Variance	28.8	8.61	7.96	5.57	3.96	2.66	2.32
Cronbach’s Alpha	.92	.83	.81	.83	.71	.64	.75
McDonald’s Omega	.92	.83	.82	.83	.71	.65	.76

Item	Pressure: Media	Pressure: Peers	Internalization: Muscularity/General Attractiveness	Pressure: Family	Internalization/Pressure: Thinness/Low Body Fat	Pressure: Close People
22. I feel that the media pushes me to improve my physical shape.	.80
23. I feel that the media pushes me to look thinner.	.77
24. I feel that the media pushes me to improve my appearance.	.82
25. I feel that the media pushes me to reduce my body fat..	.78
26. I feel that the media pushes me to become more muscular.	.92
27. I feel that the media pushes me to increase the size or the definition of my muscles.	.91
13. I feel that my friends push me to improve my appearance.		.98
14. I feel that my friends push me to improve my physical shape.		.91
15. I feel that my friends push me to become more muscular.		.69
16. My friends encourage me to increase the size or the definition of my muscles.		.45
17. I feel that close people push me to improve my appearance.		.49
1. It is important for me to look muscular.			.85
3. I spend a lot of time thinking about being muscular.			.54
5. I want my body to look muscular.			.84
6. I spend a lot of time thinking about my appearance.			.38
7. I would like to have a very muscular body.			.62
9. I feel that my family pushes me to improve my appearance.				.35
11. I feel that my family pushes me to look more muscular.				.69
12. My family encourages me to increase the size or the definition of my muscles.				.83
2. I want my body to look very thin.					.39
4. I spend a lot of time thinking about being thin.					.73
8. I feel that my family pushes me to look thinner.					.41
10. My family encourages me to improve my physical shape.					.27
19. I feel that close people push me to reduce my body fat.					.43
18. I feel that these close people push me to improve my physical shape.						.59
20. I feel that close people push me to become more muscular.						.74
21. I feel that close people push me to increase the size or the definition of my muscles.						.56

% Variance	32.27	11.63	8.19	6.24	5.01	3.91
Cronbach’s Alpha	.93	.88	.78	.70	.62	.78
McDonald’s Omega	.93	.89	.79	.71	.63	.78

	Eating Attitudes (EAT-26)	Body Dissatisfaction (SE)	Self-esteem (RSES)	Body Change (BCQ)	Eating Habits	Food Supplements	Weight Loss Strategy	Weight Gain Strategy	Muscle Tone Gain Strategy	Muscle Size Increase Strategy
*Adolescent Girls*
SATAQ-4R-Female	.59**	.46**	-.47	.60**
Pressure: Media	.43**	.33**	-.35	.37**	.13	.41**	.57**	.20*	.22**	.12
Pressure: Peers	.37**	.41**	-.26**	.43**	.12	.32**	.55**	.13	.23**	.12
Internalization: Muscularity	.49**	.29**	-.37**	.51**	.16*	.53**	.46**	.08	.33**	.30**
Pressure for Thinness/Low Body Fat: Family and Close People	.54**	.48**	-.45**	.51**	.17*	.50**	.60**	.16*	.22*	.10
Internalization: Thinness/Low Body Fat	.51**	.22*	-.32**	.58**	.13	.56**	.37**	.07	.42**	.47**
Internalization: General Attractiveness	.59**	.40**	-.36**	.58**	.11	.60**	.49**	.05	.34**	.30**
Pressure for Ideal Appearance: Family and Close People	.36**	.36**	-.20*	.43**	.09	.41**	.48**	.11	.25**	.22*
*Adolescent Boys*
SATAQ-4R-Male	.49**	.06	-.27**	.60**
Pressure: Media	.35**	.06	-.13*	.35**	.23**	.24**	.29**	.02	.32**	.29**
Pressure: Peers	.36**	.04	-.14*	.46**	.27**	.43**	.26**	.14*	.40**	.32**
Internalization: Muscularity/ General Attractiveness	.34**	.01	-.09	.68**	.31**	.58**	.18*	.30**	.56**	.64**
Pressure: Family	.30**	.13*	-.20*	.33**	.09	.32**	.12	.20*	.36**	.31**
Internalization/Pressure: Thinness/Low Body Fat	.47**	.38**	-.27**	.38**	.16*	.32**	.61**	.12	.27**	.18*
Pressure: Close People	.34**	.08	-.17*	.43**	.16*	.47**	.27**	.15*	.42**	.38**

[TFN1] **p < .001; *p < .05

[TFN2] Note. Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient (rho) corrected for attenuation of measurement errors.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of SATAQ-4R for Brazilian Adolescents

Adaptação transcultural e avaliação psicométrica do SATAQ-4R para adolescentes brasileiros

Adaptación transcultural y evaluación psicométrica del SATAQ-4R para adolescentes brasileños