Recentemente, glutamina e β-glucano têm demonstrado desempenhar um papel importante na modulação do sistema imune e na promoção de benefícios para a saúde intestinal. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito dessa intervenção sobre as respostas inflamatórias e saúde intestinal de camundongos pré- tratados por via oral com 1,3/1,6-β-glucano (80mg/kg) derivado de Saccharomyces cerevisiae com ou sem glutamina (150mg/kg) e posteriormente desafiados com citarabina (Ara-C) (15mg/kg). Melhoras em vilosidades e criptas não foram observadas no grupo de tratamento com β-glucano. A morfometria intestinal no grupo de tratamento com glutamina apresentou os melhores resultados. O grupo em que foi utilizado β-glucano em combinação com glutamina apresentou os maiores valores de IL-1β e IL -10 e valores mais baixos para os leucócitos e INF-γ. Com base nestes resultados, o pré-tratamento de β-glucano combinado com glutamina reduziu a inflamação intestinal e melhorou a resposta imune após o desafio com Ara-C.

TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO:
β-glucano; glutamina; intestino; imunologia; ciratabina; Ara-C; camundongos; quimioterapia; levedura; saúde intestinal; imunomoduladores

Autoria

Mariana Y.H. Porsani ^**Corresponding author: mariporsani@hotmail.com

Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil.Universidade de São PauloBrazilSão Paulo, SP, Brazil Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil.

Monique Paludetti

Laboratório de Fisiologia Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Campus Universitário, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci 1001, Kennedy, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: moniiiique@gmail.comUniversidade Federal de LavrasBrazilLavras, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Fisiologia Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Campus Universitário, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci 1001, Kennedy, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: moniiiique@gmail.com

Débora R. Orlando

Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Medina Veterinária, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Av. Universitária, Unaí, MG 38610-000, Brazil. E-mail: deboraribeiro.orlando@gmail.comUniversidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e MucuriBrazilUnaí, MG, Brazil Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Medina Veterinária, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Av. Universitária, Unaí, MG 38610-000, Brazil. E-mail: deboraribeiro.orlando@gmail.com

Ana P. Peconick

Laboratório de Biologia Parasitológica, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, UFLA, Campus Universitário, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci 1001, Kennedy, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: anappeconick@dmv.ufla.brUFLABrazilLavras, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia Parasitológica, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, UFLA, Campus Universitário, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci 1001, Kennedy, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: anappeconick@dmv.ufla.br

Rafael C. Costa

Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, UFLA, Campus Universitário, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci 1001, Kennedy, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: rafaelccosta3@gmail.comUFLABrazilLavras, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, UFLA, Campus Universitário, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci 1001, Kennedy, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: rafaelccosta3@gmail.com

Luiz E.D. Oliveira

Márcio G. Zangeronimo

Raimundo V. Sousa

*Corresponding author: mariporsani@hotmail.com

Conflict of interest.- The authors report no conflicts of interest.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras

Figuras (5)

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Fig.1.
Histological section of duodenum of mice used in the present study. HE. Note that histologically there are no changes in the morphology of histological sections among the groups. (A) Control group- (Mice without any treatment). (B) Ara-C group- (Mice challenged with Ara-C), (C) β- Glucan group-(Mice treated with β-Glucan and challenged with Ara-C). (D) Glutamine group- (Mice treated with Glutamine and challenged with Ara- C). (E) β- Glucan and Glutamine group- (Mice treated with β- Glucan in association with Glutamine and challenged with Ara-C).

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Fig.2.
Morphometry of duodenum of mice in control group. During the morphometric studies, villi height and width and crypt depth and width were measured in all the segments of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) of all animals. (A) Villi height mensuration. (B) Crypt depth mensuration. (C) Villi width mensuration. (D) Crypt 4 width mensuration.

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Fig.3.
(A) Total of leukocytes of mice treated with or without β- Glucan and Glutamine prior to challenge with Ara-C. (B) Mean standard of IL-10 (pg/ml), IL 1-β (pg/ml) and INF-γ (pg/ml) of mice treated with or without β- Glucan and Glutamine prior to challenge with Ara-C.

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Fig.4.
(A) Mean ± standard deviation of morphometry of the villi of the duodenum of the ileum of mice treated with or without of β- Glucan and Glutamine mice prior to challenge with Ara-C. (B) Crypts of the ileum of mice treated with or without of β- Glucan and Glutamine mice prior to challenge with Ara-C.

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Fig.5.
Immunohistochemistry (avidin-biotin) of B-Lymphocyte, T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice and Macrophage in ileum of mice. Note the marking (brownish color) of lymphocytes in the interstitial region of the different groups: (A) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Control group. (B) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Ara-C group. (C) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of β- Glucan group. (D) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Glutamine group. (E) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of β- Glucan and Glutamine group. (F) T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Control group. (G) T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Ara-C group. (H) T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of β- Glucan group. (I) T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Glutamine group. (J) Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of β-Glucan and Glutamine group. (G) Macrophage in ileum of mice of Control group. (H) Macrophage in ileum of mice of Ara-C group, there are a few marked cells. (I) Macrophage in ileum of mice of Ara-C group β- Glucan Group. (J) Glutamine group. (K) Macrophage in ileum of mice of Ara-C group β- Glucan and Glutamine group.

Fig.1. Histological section of duodenum of mice used in the present study. HE. Note that histologically there are no changes in the morphology of histological sections among the groups. (A) Control group- (Mice without any treatment). (B) Ara-C group- (Mice challenged with Ara-C), (C) β- Glucan group-(Mice treated with β-Glucan and challenged with Ara-C). (D) Glutamine group- (Mice treated with Glutamine and challenged with Ara- C). (E) β- Glucan and Glutamine group- (Mice treated with β- Glucan in association with Glutamine and challenged with Ara-C).

Fig.2. Morphometry of duodenum of mice in control group. During the morphometric studies, villi height and width and crypt depth and width were measured in all the segments of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) of all animals. (A) Villi height mensuration. (B) Crypt depth mensuration. (C) Villi width mensuration. (D) Crypt 4 width mensuration.

Fig.3. (A) Total of leukocytes of mice treated with or without β- Glucan and Glutamine prior to challenge with Ara-C. (B) Mean standard of IL-10 (pg/ml), IL 1-β (pg/ml) and INF-γ (pg/ml) of mice treated with or without β- Glucan and Glutamine prior to challenge with Ara-C.

Fig.4. (A) Mean ± standard deviation of morphometry of the villi of the duodenum of the ileum of mice treated with or without of β- Glucan and Glutamine mice prior to challenge with Ara-C. (B) Crypts of the ileum of mice treated with or without of β- Glucan and Glutamine mice prior to challenge with Ara-C.

Fig.5. Immunohistochemistry (avidin-biotin) of B-Lymphocyte, T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice and Macrophage in ileum of mice. Note the marking (brownish color) of lymphocytes in the interstitial region of the different groups: (A) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Control group. (B) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Ara-C group. (C) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of β- Glucan group. (D) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Glutamine group. (E) B-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of β- Glucan and Glutamine group. (F) T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Control group. (G) T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Ara-C group. (H) T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of β- Glucan group. (I) T-Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of Glutamine group. (J) Lymphocyte in ileum of mice of β-Glucan and Glutamine group. (G) Macrophage in ileum of mice of Control group. (H) Macrophage in ileum of mice of Ara-C group, there are a few marked cells. (I) Macrophage in ileum of mice of Ara-C group β- Glucan Group. (J) Glutamine group. (K) Macrophage in ileum of mice of Ara-C group β- Glucan and Glutamine group.

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[1] *Corresponding author: mariporsani@hotmail.com