Distúrbios do trato reprodutivo masculino em equídeos: 87 casos (2014-2022)

Ramos, Gabriel M.; Veado, Henrique Caetano; Ribeiro, Elissa; Castro, Márcio B.; Sousa, Davi Emanuel R.; Ximenes, Fábio H.B.; Teixeira-Neto, Antonio Raphael; Campebell, Rita de Cássia; Câmara, Antônio Carlos L.

RESUMO:

Distúrbios do trato reprodutivo masculino (DTRMs) são comuns em equídeos e podem representar uma proporção significativa da casuística de hipiatras. Determinamos a frequência, os achados clínico-patológicos e a terapêutica de DTRMs em equídeos a partir de um levantamento de nove anos dos registros clínicos em um Hospital Veterinário no Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Nesse período, 87 equinos afetados apresentaram 100 DTRMs distribuídos em 17 diagnósticos diferentes. Quarenta e três (49,4%) equídeos apresentaram DTRM afetando a glande peniana ou pregas de pele prepucial. Distúrbios dos testículos, escroto e cordão espermático foram diagnosticados em 32 (36,8%) equinos. Dos 12 (13,8%) equinos restantes, seis apresentaram dois DTRMs diferentes em duas áreas anatômicas distintas, e cinco animais exibiram a mesma doença em duas localizações anatômicas diferentes. Apenas um cavalo apresentou três DTRMs distintas em duas regiões anatômicas. A habronemíase foi a DTRM mais frequente detectada em 26% dos diagnósticos, seguida por feridas diversas (14%), criptorquidismo (13%), hérnia inguinal (13%), funiculite (9%), parafimose (6%), carcinoma de células escamosas (5%), uretrolitíase (3%), abscessos prepuciais e orquite (2% cada). Fimose, postite ulcerativa, epididimite, hidrocele, papilomatose, teratoma e torção testicular representaram 1% cada. Sessenta e três (72,5%) equídeos receberam alta hospitalar, 18 (20,6%) foram sacrificados humanitariamente e seis (6,9%) morreram. Este estudo detectou as DTRMs mais relevantes que afetaram 7,5% dos pacientes em um levantamento de 1.154 equídeos encaminhados para atendimento hospitalar. Este achado destaca que as DTRMs podem ser condições debilitantes e com risco de morte, e podem impactar potencialmente a reprodução de equídeos na região. Este conhecimento pode ajudar os hipiatras a elaborar protocolos sanitários e de manejo adequados para prevenir e reduzir a incidência da maioria das DTRMs registradas, melhorando a produção e o bem-estar dos equídeos.

TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO:
Cavalos castrados; criptorquidismo; feridas prepuciais e penianas; habronemose; garanhões; trato reprodutivo; equídeos

[1] *Corresponding author: aclcamara82@gmail.com

Disease	Age					Total
Disease	<1-year	1-5 years	6-14 years	>15-years	NAD	Total
Habronemiasis	-	10	7	3	6	26
Miscellaneous wounds	1	2	6	1	4	14
Cryptorchidism	-	7	3	-	3	13
Inguinal hernia	5	4	3	-	1	13
Funiculitis	-	3	4	-	2	9
Paraphimosis	-	-	1	4	1	6
Squamous cell carcinoma	-	-	2	2	1	5
Urethrolithiasis	-	1	2	-	-	3
Preputial abscesses	-	-	1	-	1	2
Orchitis	1	-	1	-	-	2
Phimosis	-	-	-	1	-	1
Ulcerative posthitis	-	-	1	-	-	1
Epididymitis	1	-	-	-	-	1
Hydrocele	-	-	1	-	-	1
Papillomatosis	-	-	-	1	-	1
Teratoma	-	1	-	-	-	1
Testicular torsion	-	1	-	-	-	1
						100

Case	Specie	Breed	Age	Clinical evolution (days)	Diagnose	Lesion location	Treatment	Outcome
1	Equine	MM	14-y	NAD	MW	Glans penis	Clinical	Euthanasia
2	Equine	Crossbred	5-y	6	MW	Glans penis	Clinical	Euthanasia
3	Equine	Crossbred	NAD	13	MW	Prepuce	Clinical	Death
4	Equine	MM	5-y	183	Habronemiasis	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
5	Equine	Crossbred	NAD	92	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
6	Equine	Crossbred	8-y	5	MW	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
7	Equine	Arabian	5-y	150	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Surgical	Discharged
8	Equine	Crossbred	16-y	10	Paraphimosis	Glans penis	Surgical	Death
9	Equine	Crossbred	NAD	92	Abscesses	Prepuce	Surgical	Discharged
10	Equine	Crossbred	17-y	11	Paraphimosis	Glans penis	Clinical	Euthanasia
11	Equine	Crossbred	NAD	4	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Clinical	Euthanasia
12	Equine	MM	20-y	122	MW	Prepuce	Surgical	Discharged
13	Equine	Crossbred	8-y	1	Abscesses	Prepuce	Clinical	Death
14	Equine	Crioulo	3-y	35	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Surgical	Discharged
15	Equine	Crossbred	6-y	NAD	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
16	Equine	Crossbred	4-y	60	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
17	Equine	QH	30-y	2	SCC	Prepuce	-	Euthanasia
18	Equine	MM	5-y	122	Habronemiasis	Glans penis	Clinical	Discharged
19	Equine	MM	11-y	21	SCC	Glans penis	Surgical	Death
20	Equine	Crioulo	8-y	45	Habronemiasis	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
21	Equine	Crossbred	9-y	31	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
22	Equine	Crossbred	10-y	NAD	Uretrolithiasis	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
23	Equine	MM	8-y	15	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
24	Equine	Pantaneiro	3-y	24	MW	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
25	Equine	QH	4-y	45	Habronemiasis	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
26	Equine	MP	8-y	60	Habronemiasis	Glans penis	Clinical	Discharged
27	Equine	QH	12-y	90	Habronemiasis	Glans penis	Clinical	Discharged
28	Equine	QH	4-y	153	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Surgical	Discharged
29	Equine	Crossbred	4-y	NAD	Uretrolithiasis	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
30	Equine	QH	NAD	9	MW	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
31	Equine	Arabian	23-y	48	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
32	Equine	Crossbred	22-y	15	SCC	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
33	Equine	Crossbred	20-y	122	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged
34	Equine	QH	5-y	91	Habronemiasis	Prepuce	Surgical	Discharged
35	Equine	Crossbred	12-y	1	SCC	Prepuce	-	Euthanasia
36	Equine	Crossbred	10-y	2	Paraphimosis	Glans penis	Surgical	Euthanasia
37	Equine	Lusitano	23-y	35	Paraphimosis	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
38	Equine	Crossbred	16-y	91	Paraphimosis	Glans penis	Clinical	Euthanasia
39	Equine	Crossbred	14-y	52	MW	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
40	Equine	Crossbred	NAD	5	Paraphimosis	Glans penis	Clinical	Euthanasia
41	Mule	Crossbred	13-y	1	Uretrolithiasis	Glans penis	Surgical	Discharged
42	Asinine	Pêga	18-y	61	Phimosis	Glans penis	Surgical	Euthanasia
43	Asinine	Pêga	12-y	40	MW	Prepuce	Clinical	Discharged

Case	Breed	Age	Clinical evolution (days)	Diagnose	Lesion location	Treatment	Outcome
1	MM	4-months	NAD	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Discharged
2	MM	4-y	NAD	Right abdominal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
3	MM	NAD	NAD	Right inguinal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
4	MM	1-day	8	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Discharged
5	MM	5-y	30	Funiculitis	Spermatic cords	Clinical	Discharged
6	Campolina	5-y	15	Bilateral abdominal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
7	MM	NAD	2	Funiculitis	Spermatic cords	Clinical	Discharged
8	MM	5-y	18	Left inguinal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
9	Crossbred	NAD	NAD	Right inguinal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
10	Pony	10-y	13	Funiculitis (botryomycosis)	Spermatic cords	Surgical	Euthanasia
11	Campolina	3-y	15	Left abdominal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
12	MM	NAD	7	Left inguinal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
13	BH	4-y	14	Right abdominal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
14	Campolina	5-y	1	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Euthanasia
15	Campolina	4-y	10	Right inguinal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
16	MM	4-months	12	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Discharged
17	MM	2-months	12	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Discharged
18	MM	5-y	12-h	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	-	Euthanasia
19	Crioulo	NAD	20	Funiculitis	Spermatic cords	Surgical	Discharged
20	MM	6-y	2	Hydrocele	Testicles	Clinical	Discharged
21	QH	9-y	14	Funiculitis	Spermatic cords	Surgical	Discharged
22	Thoroughbred	6-y	22	Funiculitis	Spermatic cords	Surgical	Discharged
23	MM	4-y	8	Funiculitis	Spermatic cords	Surgical	Discharged
24	QH	8-y	NAD	Right inguinal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Death
25	Crossbred	8-y	NAD	Left inguinal cryptorchid	Testicles	Surgical	Discharged
26	Crossbred	9-y	5	Funiculitis	Spermatic cords	Surgical	Discharged
27	Lusitano	NAD	NAD	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Euthanasia
28	Crioulo	7-y	4-h	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Discharged
29	QH	5-y	6-h	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Discharged
30	MM	9-y	30-h	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Euthanasia
31	QH	7-y	36-h	Inguinal hernia	Scrotum	Surgical	Euthanasia
32	MM	6-y	5	Funiculitis	Spermatic cords	Surgical	Discharged

Case	Breed	Age	Clinical evolution (days)	Diagnoses and lesion location	Treatment	Outcome
1	MM	13-y	NAD	MW (glans penis and prepuce)	Clinical	Discharged
2	Crossbred	NAD	60	Habronemiasis (glans penis and prepuce)	Clinical	Discharged
3	Crossbred	12-y	150	Orchitis/ulcerative posthitis (testicles and prepuce)	Surgical	Discharged
4	Crossbred	NAD	24	Habronemiasis (glans penis and prepuce)	Surgical	Discharged
5	Crossbred	8-months	90	MW (prepuce) and inguinal hernia (scrotum)	Surgical	Discharged
6	Crossbred	18-y	91	SCC and papillomatosis (glans penis); habronemiasis (prepuce)	Surgical	Discharged
7	Arabian	4-y	20	Bilateral abdominal cryptorchid and teratoma (testicles)	Surgical	Discharged
8	QH	5-y	8-h	Testicular torsion(testicles) and inguinal hernia (scrotum)	Surgical	Euthanasia
9	Crossbred	NAD	1	MW (glans penis and prepuce)	Clinical	Death
10	MM	4-y	60	Habronemiasis (glans penis and prepuce)	Clinical	Discharged
11	MM	6-months	NAD	Epididymitis and orchitis (testicles)	Clinical	Euthanasia
12	Crossbred	7-y	120	Habronemiasis (prepuce) and right abdominal cryptorchid	Surgical	Discharged