Study of the effects of kinesthetic motor imagery in patients with heart failure

The aim was to investigate the acute effect of kinesthetic motor imagery of the 2-minute walk test on hemodynamic and cardiopulmonary variables in patients with heart failure.

METHODS:

Twenty participants were recruited for the analysis of these variables before and after the execution and imagination of the 2-minute walk test, with the number of laps executed and imagined being recorded.

RESULTS:

The main results observed showed that (1) there was no difference in the number of laps executed and imagined (p=0.41), indicating that the participants actually imagined the test and (2) the motor imagery of the 2-minute walk test immediately increased (p<0.001) the heart and respiratory rates.

CONCLUSION:

The motor imagery seems to have acute effects on the cardiopulmonary anticipatory responses of a patient with heart failure.

KEYWORDS:
Heart failure; Imagery, psychotherapy; Heart rate; Respiratory frequency; Autonomic nervous system

Authorship

Nélio Silva de Souza ^**Corresponding author: neliosds@gmail.com/neliosouza@unifeso.edu.br

Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Department of Physical Therapy - Teresópolis (RJ), Brazil.Centro Universitário Serra dos ÓrgãosBrazilTeresópolis, RJ, BrazilCentro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Department of Physical Therapy - Teresópolis (RJ), Brazil.

Universidade Federal Fluminense, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience - Niterói (RJ), Brazil.Universidade Federal FluminenseBrazilNiterói, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Federal Fluminense, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience - Niterói (RJ), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1742-0920

Ana Carolina Gomes Martins

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2030-6026

Karoline Mello de Assis

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4998-4007

Lúcia Brandão de Oliveira

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7867-7623

Rosiane Fátima Silveira de Abreu

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0780-4867

Marco Antônio Araújo-Leite

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1447-3696

Marco Antônio Orsini Neves

Universidade Iguaçu, Department of Medicine - Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Brazil.Universidade IguaçuBrazilNova Iguaçu, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Iguaçu, Department of Medicine - Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Brazil.

Universidade de Vassouras, Department of Medicine - Vassouras (RJ), Brazil.Universidade de VassourasBrazilVassouras, RJ, BrazilUniversidade de Vassouras, Department of Medicine - Vassouras (RJ), Brazil.

Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Department of Brain Mapping and Functionality Lab - Parnaíba (PI), Brazil.Universidade Federal do Delta do ParnaíbaBrazilParnaíba, PI, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Department of Brain Mapping and Functionality Lab - Parnaíba (PI), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8526-6937

Nicolle dos Santos Moraes Nunes

Universidade Iguaçu, Department of Medicine - Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Brazil.Universidade IguaçuBrazilNova Iguaçu, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Iguaçu, Department of Medicine - Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0336-2261

Victor Hugo do Vale Bastos

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7425-4730

Júlio Guilherme Silva

Universidade Iguaçu, Department of Medicine - Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Brazil.Universidade IguaçuBrazilNova Iguaçu, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Iguaçu, Department of Medicine - Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Brazil.

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Department of Physical Therapy - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Department of Physical Therapy - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7792-8403

Alba Barros Souza Fernandes

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-8021

*Corresponding author: neliosds@gmail.com/neliosouza@unifeso.edu.br

Conflicts of interest: the authors declare there is no conflicts of interest

NSS: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. ACGM: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing - original draft. KMA: Data curation, Writing - original draft. LBO: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Writing - review & editing. RFSA: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Writing - review & editing. MAAL: Writing - review & editing. MAON: Writing - review & editing. NSMN: Writing - original draft. VHVB: Formal Analysis, Writing - review & editing. JGS: Writing - review & editing. ABSF: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Writing - review & editing.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Universidade Iguaçu, Department of Medicine - Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Brazil.Universidade IguaçuBrazilNova Iguaçu, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Iguaçu, Department of Medicine - Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Brazil.

Figures

Figures (3)

Thumbnail

Figure 1.
The participants (n=20) showed an increase in heart rate in beats per minute (bpm) after the execution and imagination of the 2-minute walk test, with a statistically significant difference (*p<0.001). Note that when comparing the heart rate between the moments before the execution and the moments before the imagination of the 2-minute walk test (2MWT), there was no statistical difference, indicating that the participants started from a similar baseline.

Thumbnail

Figure 2.
The line graph shows the heart rate behavior in beats per minute of the participants (n=20) before, during, and after the imagination of the 2-minute walk test. The following data are presented as mean±standard deviation: initial heart rate (69.4±7.56), mean heart rate (75.1±10.08), maximum heart rate (82.9±10.56), heart rate immediately after motor imagery of the 2-minute walk test (80.4±10.65), and heart rate after one min (71.9±9.64).

Thumbnail

Figure 3.
The participants (n=20) showed an increase in respiratory frequency in incursions per minute (ipm) after the execution and imagination of the 2-minute walk test, with a statistically significant difference (*p<0.001). Note that when comparing respiratory frequency between the moments before the execution and the moments before the imagination, as well as after the execution and after the imagination of the 2-minute walk test (2MWT), there was no statistical difference, indicating similarities.

Figure 1. The participants (n=20) showed an increase in heart rate in beats per minute (bpm) after the execution and imagination of the 2-minute walk test, with a statistically significant difference (*p<0.001). Note that when comparing the heart rate between the moments before the execution and the moments before the imagination of the 2-minute walk test (2MWT), there was no statistical difference, indicating that the participants started from a similar baseline.

Figure 2. The line graph shows the heart rate behavior in beats per minute of the participants (n=20) before, during, and after the imagination of the 2-minute walk test. The following data are presented as mean±standard deviation: initial heart rate (69.4±7.56), mean heart rate (75.1±10.08), maximum heart rate (82.9±10.56), heart rate immediately after motor imagery of the 2-minute walk test (80.4±10.65), and heart rate after one min (71.9±9.64).

Figure 3. The participants (n=20) showed an increase in respiratory frequency in incursions per minute (ipm) after the execution and imagination of the 2-minute walk test, with a statistically significant difference (*p<0.001). Note that when comparing respiratory frequency between the moments before the execution and the moments before the imagination, as well as after the execution and after the imagination of the 2-minute walk test (2MWT), there was no statistical difference, indicating similarities.

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Study of the effects of kinesthetic motor imagery in patients with heart failure

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[1] *Corresponding author: neliosds@gmail.com/neliosouza@unifeso.edu.br