Evaluation of head posture in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders: a cross-sectional study

Ozmen, Elif Esra; Unuvar, Bayram Sonmez

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20241474

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Original Article • Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 71 (3) • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20241474 linkcopy

Evaluation of head posture in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders: a cross-sectional study

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated head posture in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders and explored the effects of postural changes on clinical parameters.

METHODS: In total, 81 individuals diagnosed with temporomandibular joint disorders participated in this cross-sectional prospective study. Demographics, pain status, head posture, and jaw movement data were collected. Head posture was assessed using the Posture Screen Mobile application.

RESULTS: Results indicated moderate negative correlations between pain and mouth opening (rho=-0.437, p<0.001) and maximum mouth opening (rho=-0.427, p<0.001). Anterior translation showed weak positive correlations with mouth opening and maximum mouth opening, while right lateral translation exhibited a weak positive correlation with pain (rho=0.264, p=0.017). Posterior angulation showed weak significant correlations with pain, mouth opening, and maximum mouth opening.

CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that head posture has a significant influence on temporomandibular joint disorder symptoms. Treatment strategies addressing postural abnormalities may help alleviate symptoms and enhance the quality of life in temporomandibular joint disorder patients.

KEYWORDS:
Jaw diseases; Pain; Posture; Temporomandibular joint disorders

		n (%)
Gender	Male	35 (43.2)	0.222
Gender	Female	46 (56.8)	0.222
Marital status	Married	36 (44.4)	0.317
Marital status	Single	45 (55.6)	0.317
Education level	Primary school	2 (2.5)	<0.001*
	Middle school	15 (18.5)
	High school	28 (34.6)
	University	25 (30.9)
	Graduate	11 (13.6)
Income level	Low	33 (40.7)	<0.001*
	Medium	40 (49.4)
	High	8 (9.9)
Sound during mouth opening	Yes	72 (88.9)	<0.001*
Sound during mouth opening	No	9 (11.1)	<0.001*
Protrusion	1	3 (3.7)	<0.001*
	2	47 (58.0)
	3	31 (38.3)
Tooth wear	No wear	24 (29.6)	<0.001*
	Enamel	50 (61.7)
	Dentin	7 (8.6)
Night guard	Yes	19 (23.5)	<0.001*
Night guard	No	62 (76.5)	<0.001*
Ear pain	Yes	50 (61.7)	0.035*
Ear pain	No	31 (38.3)	0.035*
Headache	Yes	50 (61.7)	0.035*
Headache	No	31 (38.3)	0.035*
Jaw locking	Yes	31 (38.3)	0.035*
Jaw locking	No	50 (61.7)	0.035*
Occlusion angle	1	29 (35.8)	0.010*
	2	37 (45.7)
	3	15 (18.5)

Variables	Pain	Mouth opening	Maximum mouth opening
Pain	–	0.437***	-0.427***
Mouth opening	-0.437***	–	0.948***
Maximum mouth opening	-0.427***	0.948***	–
Anterior translation	-0.239*	0.224*	0.335**
Anterior angulation	-0.115	0.084	0.128
Posterior translation	0.004	0.035	0.041
Posterior angulation	-0.239*	0.223*	0.259*
Right lateral translation	0.264*	-0.209	-0.233*
Right lateral angulation	0.004	-0.052	0.009
Left lateral translation	-0.164	0.155	0.172
Left lateral angulation	-0.049	0.061	0.075

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[TFN1] Chi-square test,

[TFN2] ^*
p<0.05.

[TFN2a] n: number of participants; %: percentage.